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1、高压气囊搬运大型沉箱技术在港口工程中的研究和应用 同济大学工程硕士论文 摘要 气动系统以绿色环保、良好的操控性能等优点广泛应用于生产诸领域，特别是基于气囊的沉箱出运技术，在大型构件搬运中占有越来越重要的地位。面对港口建设对大型构件顶升搬运的旺盛需求，气动顶升搬运大型构件系统创新设计的研究与应用对我国港口的现代化建设具有十分重要的现实意义。 本文针对这一问题，深入探索、研究和开发利用气囊进行构件顶升、构件陆上水平搬运、构件下水、水上构件浮运和安装等一系列的水工工程的系统设计与作业规程。这一科研项目的开发应用，极大地促进大型构件安装方法的发展，在水工工程中充分发挥良好效益。除了陆上水平搬运预制构件
2、之外，还可以根据气囊的特点，在构件通过斜坡下水、水上浮运和安装构件等施工过程中发挥气囊的作用，而这些方面，目前国内外均没有深入的探索研究和成熟的施工工艺，因此，研究开发的工作难度较大，但价值很高。一旦研究形成成套的施工技术后，将得到积极的经济效益和社会效益，有力地促进水工工程施工技术的发展。 综合多个工程项目的实践情况，高压气囊搬运沉箱技术的应用是非常成功的。该技术是一项技术先进、经济实用的工程技术。解决了大型沉箱的陆上运输和上驳的技术难题，也为在现场建造大型沉箱预制场扫除了关键的技术障碍，使远离大型港口预制厂的地区建造深水重力式码头的设想成为现实。从经济角度来看，采用高压气囊搬运大型沉箱技术
3、可使重力式沉箱结构的码头建设成本大幅度降低；从沉箱预制直到安装，其费用仅为其他方案的60%85%。它的应用也大大降低了利用轨道平车运输沉箱上船的技术难度和工程费用。根据该技术特点和经济成本方面的优势，可推广应用至码头工程的其他大型预制构件的搬运，以及其他行业的重型构件、设备的陆上搬运或装驳。因此，高压气囊搬运大型沉箱技术具有很好的应用和发展前景。 关键词：气囊搬运；沉箱；顶升；系统 1 同济大学工程硕士论文 Abstract The Pneumatic system due to his green environmental protection，good operation and man
4、y other good performances is widely applied to many various domains of production. The technology of transporting caisson by using ballonet is becoming more and more important in the heavy and large-volume component transporting recent years. In order to satisfy the demand of the heavy and large-vol
5、ume component transporting in harbor construction, it is realistic and important to study and improve the design of the system of transporting by using the method of ballonet lifting. The present paper analyzed and summarized the present situation of the heavy and large-volume components transport w
6、hich is used in the domestic and foreign， there are many insufficient ，such as the bad compatibility and the higher cost， needed to be proved. Based on the extensive research of the domestic and foreign actuality of lifting and conveying of the heavy and large- volume components， combined with the e
7、xisting achievements of transporting caisson by using ballonet， the concepts of pneumatic lifting and conveying system is creatively put forward in this paper for the land transporting according to the system theory. By using the method of function analysis ，this paper mainly studies the Pneumatic l
8、ifting， transporting and synchronal control system. The model of the system structure is built up， the function o the system is defined and the relative subsystems are also built up. Pneumatic lifting subsystem and transporting subsystem are the key parts of this system. They are related with the op
9、erational capability and reliability of the system. As the vital part， the ballonet group is the key of the system design. By the methods of theory analysis and experimental study， the arrangement of ballonet group and the are model and parameters of ballonets are founded in this paper. At the same
10、time，The design method of traction equipment and its arrangement is also founded. The Control subsystem relates to the operation capability of the whole system， and is the backbone of all other functions. According the demand of the heavy and large-volume components transporting ，the DSP system of e
11、lectro motor， 2 同济大学工程硕士论文 frequency controller is used to realized the synchronization control. In addition，it can also react on component launching through slope，component float conveying and installation according to the characteristics of the air chamber construction. There is still little succe
12、ss and technique both in domestic and oversea， so，Perfect construction will obtain active economic and society benefits，Which will accelerate the underwater engineering technique progress. Keywords： heavy and large-volume components； transporting system 3 ballonet group；lifting ; 同济大学工程硕士论文 目录 摘要 . 1 目录 . 3 第一章 绪论 . 6 1.1本课题的理论意义和应用价值 . 6 1.2我国大型构件常用陆地上的顶升搬运方法 . 8 1.2.1千斤顶顶升大型构件 . 8 1.2.2采用轨道滑车出运沉箱 . 8 1.2.3 采用高压气囊搬运大型构件 . 10 1.3国外大型构件和设备顶升搬运的现状 . 10 1.4大型构件气囊搬运系统的提出 . 12 1.4.1气动顶升搬运技术分析 .
