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1、五代、辽、宋、夏、金、元（Five Dynasties, Liao, song, Xia, Jin and Yuan）Five Dynasties, Liao, song, Xia, Jin and Yuan- Chinas feudal society continued to developFirst, the Northern Song Dynasty basically unified ChinaIn 960, Emperor Chen Qiaoyi mutiny, replaced after the establishment of the Song Dynasty. The en
2、d of the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties since the split situation, but the long-term and minority regime and unified, is not complete.Two, strengthen centralization system in the Northern Song DynastyA, features:1, to prevent the generals, administrative, military and financial power to the ce
3、ntral focus2, decentralization of power, strengthening the imperial powerB and measures:The cup of wine release for the way to recover the military power, establishing a new system of the military, the three armies and the emperor Lan Ya Bingquan; implementation of the heavy light in the policy of s
4、trong soldiers into the central army, the old and infirm as Xiang Junhe garrison troops, to take a method to prevent the generals soldiers hold weight.The establishment of Civil Government: man light weapons as the basic national policy, the ruling group promoted by imperial fumiomi, central and loc
5、al officials, mostly by fumiomi as. Implement the system of separation of officials, duties and differences.Improvement of the imperial examination system: the examination system, the creation of the decomposition test, test and examination of grade three.The rules of examination: the creation of a
6、sealed system, ensure the justice and fairness of the imperial examination.C and evaluation:Effectively eliminate split risks, but also make the country into poor and weak situation (which redundant officials and redundant soldiers phenomenon)Three, the relationship between the Northern Song Dynasty
7、 and the surrounding minority political powerMulti nationality regime and. 916 years, Baoji unification ministries, the establishment of Khitan States, after thatstate liaoning. Dangxiang Xixia Yuanhao built in 1038 1115, Aguda emperor Zhao Gou Jian Jin, 1127 was crowned emperor, capital of Lingan,
8、known as the Southern Song dynasty. In 1206, Tiemuzhen was elected as the title of Mongolia sweat, Gen Gi Khan, established in Mongolia. Kublai came to the throne, in accordance with the central system, built the emperor nianhao. In 1271 the following year Yuan Dynasty, most capital. In 1276, Yuan a
9、ccounted for Lingan, and in 1279, Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Southern Song dynasty.A, Song Liao - Chanyuan AllianceA typical northern song poor and weak. Stop Song Liao war, is the beginning of both sides to maintain peaceful relations, is conducive to the economic development, also affect the devel
10、opment of Tanyuan to Liao alliance, whether it is positive or negative, and have affected the history of the two dynasties of song liao.B, the relationship between song and Xia, andThe reason of Song Liao Xia in failure: one is usually to prevent generals too strict, resulting in army combat is not
11、strong; the two is Shou empty outside.Four, the social and economic development of the Northern Song dynasty:1, along with the development of feudal society, the peasants personal attachment to the landlord is more relaxed than the previous generation, and the enthusiasm of farmers production has im
12、proved.The 2, Five Dynasties and ten states split up, and the north and South crop varieties were exchanged and popularized.3, the creative work of the labouring peopleFive, the reform in the middle of the Northern Song DynastyA, qingli:1 reasons: changes in the split, eliminate hidden military poli
13、tical chaos at the beginning of Song DynastyAt the same time, also caused the separation, the official institutions and repetitious floating.Yu shi. Results in the formation of redundant redundancy soldiers redundant fees, poor and weak situation. together withThe Xixia war disadvantage, the mainlan
14、d people uprising, literati, domestic trouble and foreign invasion,Members called for reform, the appointment of Song Renzong Fan Zhongyan as canzhizhengshi, presided over the reform.2, the reform to answer the hand of ten things promulgated, kicked off.3, the reform of personnel rectification as th
15、e center, especially the reform of the system of the en yin. But the reforms have met with strong opposition to the interests of bureaucrats. With the song of the summer and civil unrest subsided, Song Renzongs attitude toward reform change, reform officials excluded, new measures were abolished.B a
16、nd Wang Anshis political reform1, background: Qingli after the failure of redundant officials and redundant soldiers, redundant costs still, serious financial crisis, renewed calls for reform.2, objective: to solve the poverty problem, effectively.3, content: all lose, Qingmao law, law of irrigation and water conservancy,
