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1、Unit 1 Ex. 1根据课文内容回答问题(1) A general-purpose computer has four main sections. They are the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices, collectively termed I/O. They are interconnected by busses, often made of groups of wires.(2) The control unit is
2、 often called a control system or central controller. (3) Read the code for the next instruction from the cell indicated by the program counter. Decode the numerical code for the instruction into a set of commands or signals for each of the other systems. Increment the program counter so it points t
3、o the next instruction. Read whatever data the instruction requires from cells in memory, or perhaps from an input device. The location of this required data is typically stored within the instruction code. Provide the necessary data to an ALU or register. If the instruction requires an ALU or speci
4、alized hardware to complete, instruct the hardware to perform the requested operation. Write the result from the ALU back to a memory location or to a register or perhaps an output device. Jump back to the first step. (4) The two classes of operations ALU is capable of performing are arithmetic and
5、logic.(5) Logic operations involve Boolean logic: AND, OR, XOR and NOT.(6) A computers memory can be viewed as a list of cells into which numbers can be placed or read. Each cell has a numbered address and can store a single number.(7) The two principal varieties of computer main memory are random a
6、ccess memory or RAM and read-only memory or ROM. (8) In a PC, the specialized program called the BIOS orchestrates loading the computers operating system from the hard disk drive into RAM whenever the computer is turned on or reset. (9) Software that is stored in ROM is often called firmware because
7、 it is notionally more like hardware than software.(10) I/O is the means by which a computer receives information from the outside world and sends results back.Ex. 2根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇(1) input (2) microprocessor (3) program (4) bus (5) hardware (6) memory (7) output (8) cell (9) register (10) addre
8、ssEx. 3把下列句子翻译为中文(1) 他进城的目的是买一台新计算机。(2) 大多数在线服务都有自己的浏览器。(3) 软盘可以是双倍密度的或者高密度的。(4) 公式包括单元的地址。(5) C语言也许最适宜被称为“中级语言”。(6) 每一个浏览器都有内置的功能来理解HTML。(7) C语言是世界上最流行的计算机语言之一。(8) Java技术既是一种编程语言，也是一个平台。(9) 实际上，一个视窗管理器可以被看作是命令行操作系统的图形用户界面。(10) 数据库管理系统处理用户对数据库的操作请求。Ex. 5将下列词填入适当的位置（每词只用一次）(1) hardware (2) operate (3
9、) device (4) other (5) effective (6) moving (7) considered (8) designer (9) exists (10) speed Ex.6根据课文内容回答问题(1) The computer enclosure is used to protect the components and circuitry housed therein from physical damage, and to prevent electromagnetic signals generated by components of the computer f
10、rom escaping and causing electromagnetic interference (EMI) to other electronic devices in the vicinity of the computer.(2) A typical computer enclosure includes a chassis, an expansion card seat, a front bezel and a plurality of components connectable to external apparatus and systems.(3) A general
11、 computer system is basically built with a motherboard, interface cards and peripherals. (4) The motherboard is the physical arrangement that contains the systems basic circuitry and components.(5) Memory is a semiconductor storage device for holding programs or data. Therere three basic forms of me
12、mories. They are dynamic storage, non-volatile memory and static memory. In dynamic storage, data must be constantly refreshed and data are erased when power is no longer applied to the cell. In non-volatile memory, data remains permanently in the cell even when power is not applied, and in static m
13、emory data does not need to be refreshed but its data is lost when power is no longer applied to the cell.(6) RAM differs from ROM in that when power is disconnected from RAM, the data stored in random access memory is lost whereas when power is disconnected from ROM the data stored in read only mem
14、ory remains. (7) ROM can be further categorized into a programmable read only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), and electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM). Whereas, RAM can be further categorized into a static random access memory (SRAM) and a dynam
15、ic random access memory (DRAM).(8) A computer data processor is often referred to as a microprocessor. A microprocessor is a circuit that combines the instruction-handling, arithmetic, and logical operations of a computer on a single semiconductor integrated circuit. Microprocessors can be grouped i
16、nto two general classes, namely general-purpose microprocessors and special-purpose microprocessors.(9) A hard disk drive (HDD) is a device that stores or reproduces data in a desired storage location by moving its magnetic head to the desired location in a head load state. The hard disk drive is standard equipment for personal computer, server or in
