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1、The Theory and Practice of Translation,Presented by WEI Jianhua (Baker) School of Foreign Languages Guangdong Institute of Petrochemical Technology E-mail: jhbaker Cell Phone: 15113658088,Unit One Introduction 第一章 绪论：翻译的基本知识,第一节 The Definition & Nature of Translation (翻译的定义和性质),Why do we l have the
2、class of translation?,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,Teaching Courseware,Translation is of great importance in learning a foreign language: Many of those who learn English will be English-Chinese translators in the future. It is very neces
3、sary for us to have a good command of both the source language and the target language, and of the theories and techniques in translation. Without knowing the theories and techniques, one will most likely take a roundabout course in the translation work.,返回,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyr
4、ight (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,source language n. The language from which a translation is to be made. （被译出的语言）,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,target language n. 1、The language into which a text written in another langua
5、ge is to be translated.（目标语言; 用另一种语言写成的文件; 将被翻译成的语言） 2、A language that a nonnative speaker is in the process of learning. （目标语言;一个人正在学习的一种非母语语言） 3、Also called: object language,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,What is translation?,_,Translati
6、on：,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,What is translation?,An activity of reproducing in one language the ideas which have been expressed in another language,B. Eugine Nida（尤金奈达, American translation theorist）： Translation consists in reprodu
7、cing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Nida & Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation),（翻译是把一种语言所表达的思想用另一种语言重新表达出来的活动。）,(所谓翻译, 是指从语义到文体在译文中用最贴切最自然的对等语去再现原文的信息。),Translation：,English
8、-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,第二节 Translation in the West,I. How Translation Came into Being,A. People used to speak a same language?,C. Translation seemed impossible in the past, but needed in foreign exchanges.,B. How comes that there are so m
9、any languages in the world?,D. Writing or guessing is a kind of translating.,返回,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,As a matter of fact, guessing what other people mean is also a kind of translating.,返回,To write is to translate what one is thin
10、king of or understanding.,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,返回,第三节 Translation in China (翻译在中国), Translation cause in China has a history of about 2,000 years. In the Zhou Dynasty：五方之民，言语不通，嗜欲不同，大其志，通 其欲，东方曰“寄”， 南方曰“象”，西方曰“狄醍”，北方曰 “译”。 选自礼记（R
11、ites）, Up to 150 AD, in the last few years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Buddhist Scripture was translated and was handed down till today from that time. 隋书says “翻译最为通解, which are the earliest two characters (翻译) in Chinese history.,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhu
12、a. All Rights Reserved, In the Tang Dynasty, translation was quite popular. There was a famous monk named Xuan Zang (玄奘), who had been to India and stayed there for 17 years. Having returned home, he translated many books of Buddhism into Chinese. It was Tang Xuanzang who became in Chinese history t
13、he first person that translated some of Lao Zis books into Sanskrit (梵文)，an ancient Indic language that is the language of Hinduism and the Vedas (吠陀经) and is the classical literary language of India.,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved, By the
14、 end of the Qing Dynasty： Yan Fu (严复)，president of Yanjing University (燕京大学)，and a great translator and professor, introduced a large number of foreign books into the Chinese people by means of translation. He also put forward the well-known criteria for translation, that is Faithfulness, comprehens
15、ibility and elegance (信、达、雅).,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved,返回,Translation is for inter-lingual（语际语言学的）communication, bridges the gulf between different-tongue speakers, and reproduces and spreads the message in the original language. Tra
16、nslation permits knowledge to be transmitted to different corners of the world and to succeeding generations. Translation gives information, reveals feelings and affects peoples thought or behavior. Without translation, the worldwide civilization would not be possible.,English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2012 b
