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1、第九讲特殊句式与主谓一致考点1强调句1It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.(2017天津，11)Awho BwhereCwhich Dthat答案D解析考查强调句型的判定。句意为：正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉，然后看剩余的部分是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断，“When I got back to my apartment，I first came across my new neighbor
2、s.”句子成分完整，由此可断定本句是强调句，并且强调的是时间状语，故空格处应用that。2You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.(2016天津，13)Awho BwhichCwhere Dthat答案D解析考查强调句型的判定。句意为：你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接的游客。从理解思路上先看本句是不是强调句型：It is/was被强调部分that/who剩余部分。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉后，句子意思依然清楚，结构依然完整。经判断，“
3、The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是地点，故空格处应填that。3Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015重庆，9)Awhile BthoughCthat Dafter答案C解析考查强调句。句意为：巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。本句是一个强调句型，其基本结构是：It is/was被强
4、调部分that其他部分，本句被强调部分是not until the early 19th century，故选C。4It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.(2015湖南，21)Awhich BthatCwhere Dhow答案B解析考查强调句。句意为：正是在我们快要回到家的时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙！强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that其他部分。如果强调人，that还可以改为wh
5、o，但是强调时间或者地点时只能使用that。5Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr Smith got angry？(2014四川，3)Awhy Bwho Cwhere Dthat答案D解析考查强调句的一般疑问句。所强调的是原因状语从句because Jack came late for school，故选that。句意为：是不是因为Jack上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的？考点归纳强调句型中的6个考查重点：1强调句型的疑问句在强调句中，无论被强调部分是什么句子成分，变为疑问句时，都须将主句改为疑问语序，即将“It is/was被强调部分that
6、/who其他成分”改为“Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他成分？”或“疑问词is/wasitthat其他成分？”结构。Was it her failing her exam that made her parents unhappy?是不是她考试不及格使她的父母不高兴？When was it that she changed her mind?她什么时候改变主意的？2在对not.until结构中的until时间状语或时间状语从句进行强调时，要将句中的not移至until之前，构成It is/was not until.that.结构。注意that从句中的谓语动词要变成肯定形式，而
7、且不再采用倒装语序。I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.直到她摘下她的深色眼镜我才意识到她是个著名影星。3如果由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序。He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mis
8、take.他问我是谁错拿了他的伞。4强调句型结构与定语从句的混合使用。在高考试题中，为了增加试题的难度，命题人常将强调句型与定语从句混合起来，使句子结构更加复杂。我们要注意从语法角度来分析句子，理清结构。It was in the hotel where he stayed that I met him this morning.正是在他住的那间旅馆我今天早晨遇到的他。5强调句型与时间状语从句的辨析。当用强调句型强调时间状语时，去掉“it is/was”和“that”原句仍然完整。而在时间状语从句中，若去掉“it is/was”和连词“when/before”，原句则不完整。It was at
9、 14：28 that the terrible earthquake broke out.(强调句型)是在14点28分强烈的地震爆发了。It was 14：28 when the terrible earthquake broke out.(时间状语从句)当强烈的地震爆发时是14点28分。6强调句型中的反意疑问句式。在强调句型中，其反意疑问句的主语及助动词必须与主句It is/was.保持一致。It is Mary not you who wants to ask me about that matter，isnt it?是Mary而不是你想问我那件事，是吗？考点2倒装句1Not until
10、 recently _ the development of tourists-related activities in the rural areas.(2016江苏，34)Athey had encouraged Bhad they encouragedCdid they encourage Dthey encouraged答案C解析考查倒装句。句意为：直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。根据时间状语recently可知本句应用一般过去时。“Not until状语”位于句首，句子采用部分倒装语序，因此选C。2Only when Lily walked into the off
11、ice _ that she had left the contract at home.(2015天津，3)Ashe realized Bhas she realized Cshe has realized Ddid she realize答案D解析考查倒装及动词的时态。句意为：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“only状语从句”位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。根据时间状语从句when Lily walked into the office可知要用一般过去时。故答案为D。3_ no modern telecommunications，we would have to
12、 wait for weeks to get news from around the world.(2014福建，32)AWere there BHad there beenCIf there are DIf there have been答案A解析考查if虚拟条件句中的倒装。根据主句中would have to以及句意可知，本句是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用一般过去时。当虚拟条件句中有had，should，were时，可以将if去掉，然后把had，should，were提到主语前面。考点归纳1部分倒装结构的高考热点：(1)否定词位于句首的倒装。表示否定的副词never，nor，n
13、either，表示半否定意义的副词hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的词组by no means(决不)，at no time(在任何时候都不)，not until，not only，no sooner。Never have I seen such a good performance.我从来都没见过这么好的表演。Not only was Einstein a world-famous scientist，but he also was a fairly good violinist.爱因斯坦不仅是世界闻名的科学家，而且还是一个相当不错的小提琴家。Not unt
14、il I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。(2)“only状语(从句)”置于句首的倒装。“only状语(从句)”置于句首时句子要用部分倒装。(强调主语、宾语，句子不倒装)Only then did I know the truth.直到那时我才知道真相。Only in this way can you work out this question.只有用这种方法你才能解决这个问题。Only after his mother came back was he able to
15、go to school.只有他母亲回来后，他才能够去上学。(3)so，neither，nor引导的倒装。用“so助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或物，意为“也，同样，也如此”。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物，用“neither/nor助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”。Society has changed and so have the people in it.社会变了，人也变了。She cant swim and neither can I.她不会游泳，我也不会。注意：当so表示对前句内容的肯定、附和，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自然语序。意为 “的确，正是”。Tom works hard.So he does and so do you.汤姆工作很卖力。的确如此，你也是。倒装
