《研究生学位英语写作》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《研究生学位英语写作（50页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、考生应按照要求写出一篇100120个词的英语短文。本部分满分为25分，考试时间为30分钟。描写文作文评分标准是：Part V. Writing (25%，共15分)评分标准A类2125分及以上：切题，思想表达清楚，内容丰富，语言流畅，连贯性强，条理清晰，无语法错误。B类16-20分：切题，思想表达清楚，内容丰富，语言较流畅，连贯性较强，条理基本清晰，基本无语法错误。 C类11-15分：基本切题，内容较丰富，思想表达比较清楚，语言较流畅，条理尚晰，语法错误较多。D类6-10分：不十分切题，思想表达不清楚，内容贫乏，语言连贯性差，条理不清晰，有严重的语法错误。 E类0-5分：条理不清，思路紊乱，语
2、言支离破碎或绝大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。注：（1）每3个拼写错误扣1分，最多扣3分。 （2）字数不足应酌情扣分。Unit 1 描写文(Description)写作指导描写文是一种用语言对客观世界加以艺术和主观描绘的一种文体。应该注意描写的顺序，可按照空间位置顺序、时间顺序，一般到特殊或特殊到一般顺序，递升到递降或递降到递升顺序。这里重点介绍人物描写和地点描写。人物描写的功能多种多样，可以刻画人物性格特征，表现人物精神面貌，披露人物内心活动，揭示人物身份境遇，显示人物性格变化，突出作品主题思想。为使描写形象逼真、线条清晰、性格鲜明，考生要善于观察，调动丰富的想象力和敏锐的判断力，抓住
3、描写对象的独特之处，用生动活泼的语言再现人物鲜明的形象和性格。例如： 一、人物描写文（description of a person）Directions: Now you are allowed thirty minutes to write a passage on the title My Best Friend. You should write at least 100-120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1.简要介绍你最好的朋友。 2.你们之间的故事。 3.你对朋友的理解。范文： My Best Frien
4、dUpon the words “best friend”, a figure Jumps into my mind (jump这个词使一个人物形象活灵活现地展现在读者眼前) Zhang Yemy schoolmate in senior high school and also my best friend. During the three years in high school, we shared countless moments of laughter and tears, joy and sorrow. (排比句式能使表达更有力度，而且将与朋友的共同经历描绘得丰富多彩) She
5、 is of medium height and slim figure. Though not strong, she is really a girl with amazing stamina(毅力). Despite the similarities in our outlook on life and living, it is always she, the physically weaker one, who encouraged and urged me to finish some tasks when I attempted to give up. When we were
6、preparing for the National Entrance Exam, she cheered me up emotionally and would give me a hand whenever I was in trouble. But for everything she did for me, I couldnt have had this opportunity to give a decent job with a decent pay. After the exam, she got enrolled by Tsinghua University in Beijin
7、g while I went to a college in south China. (对3年中两人共同勉励、共同奋斗经历的叙述为读者展示了一段难忘的人生时光，确实不愧为best friend)For the past several years, we have been in touch and share everything we are experiencing, sad or happy, dull or exciting. True friendship lasts life long. Friendship is a magic. It can melt the ice in
8、 ones heart and blow away the mist on ones mind. It can inspire others and outdo the self. (再次应用排比句式表达了对友谊真谛的理解，感人至深) I believe the friendship between Zhang Ye and me will be the life-time beacon for both of us. 评析：这是一篇典型的人物描写文。本文的第一段总体描写了两个人相识相知的经历并用一个排比结构总括了两人共同经历的苦与乐、欢笑与泪水( laughter and tears，joy
9、 and sorrow)。第二段通过对具体事例将人物的性格特点表现得淋漓尽致，也丰富了best friend这个称谓的具体内涵。最后一段作者陈述了自己对友谊真谛的感悟，使文章的主题得到升华。而其中所使用的句式和词汇(melt the ice in ones heart; blow away the mist on ones mind; inspire others and outdo the self)也展示了作者深厚的语言功底。二、地点描写文（description of a place）地点描写是指用生动形象的语言对地点或环境进行具体逼真的摹写描绘，使读者如睹其物，如临其境。在训练地点描写
10、文的写作时，最好先练习一个十分熟悉的小地点，如教室、房间、商店、公园等，然后再练习写作一个较大的地点，如学校、街道、城市、国家等。要把地点描写得绘声绘色，有形有神、可感可触，作者应尽力做到观察入微，重点突出，描写生动，信息量大，感染力强。这种描写通常有两种方法。1、整体印象细节描述（overall impression to detailed discussion）这种方法的描写先给出地点全貌的鸟瞰，然后用细节叙述对整体印象加以描述。这种方法的特点是突出文章的主题，吸引读者。具体的写法是，首先选定你描写的地点，譬如你的教室。想想这个教室给你留下什么突出的印象。并将这种印象概括为一句话，这句话便
11、是该段的主题句，如My classroom is very clean and tidy然后就描述它如何clean和tidy.2、细节描述整体印象（detailed discussion to overall impression）这种方法正好与上述方法相反，它先列出描述性细节，然后归纳出整体印象。这种方法的特点是循序渐进，从具体到一般，能启迪读者的思维。具体写法是，首先对描述对象进行细心观察，将其有意义的细节逐项列出，然后总结出整体印象，这时主题句往往放置段末。以食堂为例，可写出下面段落。The walls of our dining room are painted a cheer col
12、ourThe ceiling is high，and so it is airy in hereThe floor is clean and tables and chairs are plentifulSince there are many windows on either side of the hall for serving food，we can quickly get our mealFood here has variety and dishes are deliciousThe music from the speaker system is beautifulNo won
13、der it is an enjoyment to have meals here从上面例子可看出，作者常常会在描述中抒发感情，寄情于物，打开心扉，表露心声，如本段中对“优美音乐”的描述。同时，地点描写文，由于其本身性质所决定，往往按一定空间逻辑顺序展开。Unit 2 记叙文(Narration)写作指导一、记叙文六要素记叙文五要素分别是时间when，地点where，人物who，事情的起因what，事情的经过how.二、写作步骤要求考生写一篇记叙文，描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、经过、人物及结果，最后对事件进行简单分析。对这类题型，通常分为三个步骤来写。第一段，总结描述，交代清楚事件涉及的人
14、物、时间、地点：主题句。第二段，具体描述，具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果：起因经过结果。第三段，对事件的分析：分析句1 + 分析句2 + 分析3。三、写作模板（架构阶段、填充阶段）架构阶段：第一段：开篇句：About _ oclock one evening in _, _.扩展句：_. (展开描述一下事件)第二段：主题句：Without hesitation, _. It wasnt long before _.扩展句：1、One _. 2、Another _. 3、Our teacher _.第三段：结尾句：Is _? Who can tell ? But _.扩展句：1、When _
15、 , people showed _ spirit regardless of _. 2、This kind of care between persons is the very kind giving, unselfish and priceless devotion or sacrifice. 3、And it is just because of this care that we can have warm families, a happy life and a beautiful world.填充阶段：第一段：开篇句：About nine oclock one evening in may, my roommate Li Ming was lying in bed, trembling with cold and having a cough.扩展句：His head was aching so intensely that he kept groaning. His forehead felt very hot. We took his temperature. it was 38.5.
