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1、Inversion,基本语序,主语 + 谓语,He knew no one in Paris.,倒装语序,部分倒装,完全倒装,When I arrived, I saw there was a tall tree at the entrance to the village. In front of the tree sat a lady in red. I didnt know who she was at first, partly because I was near-sighted. Only when I came near could I recognize that she wa
2、s my mother. My brothers havent returned home in the past ten years, neither have I. We are all too busy with our work. Sometimes, I said to myself: “Were I free, I would often visit my mother.”,Of course I know this is only an excuse. Not until my father died did I make up my mind to return home an
3、d stay with my mother for some time. We three brothers gave our mother a call and promised to have a winter holiday with her. Once made a promise, we should keep it.,倒装的两种考法： 1. 放在单项选择题中，考查考生的倒装语法知识是否熟练掌握； 2. 放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。 倒装的两种形式： 1. 完全倒装： 将整个谓语动词提到主语前。 2. 部分倒装：即半倒装，将谓语的一部分即助动词提到主语前。,一、完全倒装
4、【翻译句子】 (1)车来了。 Here comes the bus. (2)铃响了。 There goes the bell. (3)孩子们冲出来了。 Out rushed the children. (4)那个男孩离开了。 Away went the boy.,【结论1】表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒装。,【疑难】 Here it is. In she came. Away he went.,【疑难剖析】当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。,【完成例句】 (5)河的南面有一家小工厂。 In south
5、 of the river lies a small factory. (6)山谷里传来一声喊叫。 From the valley came a cry.,【结论2】地点状语放在句首且谓语动词为come, live, lie, go等时用完全倒装。,【翻译句子】 (7)Such are the facts. 情况就是如此。 (8)生活就是这样。 Such is life. (9)The following is the answer to the question. 这个问题的答案如下。,【结论3】 such, the following等放句首时， 句子要完全倒装。,【翻译句子】 (10)山
6、顶上有一幢高楼。 There is a tall building on the top of the mountain. (11)山顶上耸立着一座古塔。 There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.,【结论4】There lie / exist / stand / live 主语是there be 句型的变式。,【例句观察】 Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests. 出席晚会的有格林先生，还有一些别的宾客。 Seated on the ground
7、are a group of young men. 坐在地上的是一群年轻人。,【结论5】“表语系动词主语”的结构。 【注意】此时，主语较长，可还原为正常语序即：主系动词表语。,形容词连系动词主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.,2) 过去分词连系动词主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 3) 介词连系动词主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, f
8、lowers, candles and toys.,1、Just in front of our house _ with a history of 1000 years. A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands,B,2. At the foot of the mountain _. A. a village lies B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village,B,二
9、、部分倒装 将情态动词、助动词、be提到主语前。 (通常可以还原为正常的语序，并以此检验倒装句是否正确。) 【翻译句子】 (12)Little does he know about the news. 他对这消息知之甚少。 (13)By no means can he catch up in such a short time. 他根本不可能在这么短的时间里赶上来。,【结论1】含有否定意义的副词或短语如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly / scarcelywhen， no sooner(th
10、an)， not only(but also), at no time, by no means等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。,【疑难1】 He is active in personality, and he seldom stays indoors. (无助动词) He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (添加does) 【疑难剖析1】若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do, does 或did。,【疑难2】 Not only children but also adults a
11、re interested in the film Harry Potter. 【疑难2】Not not onlybut also连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将not only所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。,【疑难3】 I had hardly got to the airport when the plane took off. Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. (注意谓语动词形式) 【疑难剖析3】在“hardly / scarcelywhen / no
12、 sooner”位于句首时，要用部分倒装。,【疑难4】 The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. (将until后面的全部内容提前) 【疑难剖析4】not until提前时，要用倒装，且必须将not until后面的全部内容提前，而不仅仅是not u
13、ntil这两个词。,【疑难5】 I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket. Neither did I want to see the film nor did I buy the ticket. 【疑难剖析5】neither nor 句型中两个句子都需要部分倒装。,典型例题,1) Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it perm
14、itted D. does smoking permit,答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.,2） Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know,答案D. 看到Not until的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个
15、。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了,典型例题,1) No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun,答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, s
16、carcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not onlybut (also), no soonerthan, hardly when scarcely when 等等。,2)_ out when a student came to visit her. A. Hardly had she gone B. Hardly she had gone C. Scarcely has she gone D. Scarcely she has gone,【完成例句】 (14) 我有大量的工作要做。 Ive got an enormous amount of work to do. 我也是。 So have I. (15)他，和他全家人一样，相信你是无辜的。 He believed, as did all
