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1、A Guide to English-Speaking Countries,英语国家概况,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Chapter One,Geography, People and Language,Contents,I Geography,1. Geographical Features 2. Climate 3. Major Cities,Map of the UK,Read the map to find: Atlantic Ocean North Sea Irish Sea The English
2、 Channel The Republic of Ireland,Geography,The official title of the UK the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland（since 1927) Conventionally shortened to United Kingdom Abbreviation: UK The UK is made up of: Great Britain ( England , Scotland and Wales ) Northern Ireland,Question to p
3、onder: People often get confused with the terms “England”, “Britain”, “Great Britain”, “United Kingdom”, and “British Isles”. Even some British people are not fully aware of the precise reality that these terms express. Do these terms mean the same?,England Many people say “England“ when they really
4、 mean “The United Kingdom.“ This is not correct! People in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland consider it insulting and hate hearing Britain being referred to as “England” as it appears to ignore their existence. England is only a constituent country in the UK, and a part of the island of Great Br
5、itain, together with Scotland and Wales.,Britain Strictly, “Britain” refers to the largest island in the British Isles, which contains modern-day England, Wales and Scotland and islands governed from the mainland (i.e. not Isle of Man or Channel Islands). However, the term “Britain” is more commonly
6、 used as a political term: an alternative name for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,Great Britain “Great Britain“ is the collective name for the three countries of England, Scotland and Wales. It also includes the small adjacent islands but it does not include the Channel Is
7、lands and the Isle of Man. Great Britain and Northern Ireland together form the “United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland“, or UK.,The United Kingdom “The United Kingdom” is the abbreviated form for the official name “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland“, which came
8、into use in 1922 after the constitution of the Irish Free State (1922-1937), the former name of the Republic of Ireland.,The British Isles(不列颠群岛） The “British Isles“ is a geographical term for a group of islands consisting of Great Britain, the whole of Ireland, and many other smaller surrounding is
9、lands. The British Isles are the largest group of islands in Europe.,Location and territory,Location of the UK: The mainland areas lie between latitudes 49N and 61N and longitudes 8W to 2E Total territory: about 243,000 square kilometers Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75
10、miles) from the sea.,Topography(地势）,Northern Ireland: Its mostly hilly.,Wales: Its mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous than North and Mid-Wales.,Scotland: Its geography is varied, with lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west.,England: It consists of lowland
11、 terrain, with some mountainous terrain in the northwest, north and southwest.,Ben Nevis in Scotland the highest point in UK,Rivers and Lakes,The longest river: Severn River (about 980 km kilometers long) The second longest river: Thames (330 km kilometers long) The largest Lake in the British Isles
12、: Lough Neagh（内伊湖）,Thames,The River Thames (泰晤士河),the longest river in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom (332 kilometers long) a historical landmark in the city of London. A boat ride along the Thames is also something that every visitor should experience. Several boat races and a
13、ctivities take place along or at the river each year.,Lake District,Lake poets,“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud“ William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high oer vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Flut
14、tering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.,Lake poets,The waves beside them danced; but they Out-did the spar
15、kling waves in glee: A poet could not but be gay, In such a jocund company: I gazedand gazedbut little thought What wealth the show to me had brought: For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with
16、pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.,Kilts,Knee-length skirtlike garment that is worn by men as a major element of the traditional national garb of Scotland. Highland dress is also the uniform of Scottish regiments in the British army, and kilts have been worn in battle as recently as World War II. In Braveheart, William Wallace, a Scottish freedom fighter, wears his kilt high on the thigh while riding.,2. Climate,Main characteristics: Temp
