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1、The Object Clause,宾语从句,宾语从句(The object clause) 定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。,1.Could you please tell me if David Smith comes? 2.Could you please tell me whether Jane comes or not? 3.Could you please tell me who will bring food? 4.Could you please tell me what we need to buy? 5.Could you please tell
2、me when the party starts? 6.Could you please tell me where the party is? 7.Could you please tell me how we can get there? 8.Could you please tell me which bus we should take?,宾语从句学习要点：,一、语序 二、引导词 三 、时态 四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 五、宾语从句的反意疑问句 六、否定转移,三 要 素,My favorite sport is I am I speak/have/like I ca
3、n play,Are you? Can you play? Do you do? Where are you? What can you do? How do you do?,陈 述 句,一般 疑问 句,特殊 疑问 句,结构比较,陈 述 句,一般 疑问 句,特殊 疑问 句,_+ _ + _,结构比较,be,情态动词,助动词,主语,谓语,_ + _ + _,.,主语,?,_ +_+ _,特殊 疑问词,一般 疑问句,?,?,_ + _ + _,主语,?,_ +_ + _,主语,结论: 陈述句和疑问句最本 质的区别是陈述句中 的be动词, 情态动词 , 助动词在主语后,而在 疑问句中,它们则在主 语
4、前.,句子的两种语序: 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here,It is on Fifth Avenue,They are doing homework,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a
5、 uniform?,she works in a hospital,you went to Center Park,we have to wear a uniform,we can wear hats in school,7.Can we wear hats in school?,8. Wheres your pen pal from? 9. Where does he live? 10. What language does she speak? 11. Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,Wha
6、t language she speaks,Why you like pandas?,一、宾语从句的语序,陈述句语序 即：连词主语谓语动词,陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如： He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.,一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如： Does he work hard？I wonder. I wonder if he works hard. 或I wonder whether he works hard. Whe
7、n did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left. Whats the matter?(怎么了?)等,在作宾语从句时,语序不变. 如: Could you tell me whats the matter? 可以告诉我怎么了吗?,3. 下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。 I think that he will come to China next year. I want to know if he was at home yesterday. Can you tell me where does your mother work? Do y
8、ou know who can answer the question? Please tell us where is the hospital?,your mother works,the hospital is,T,T,T,F,F,宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：,引导词,（看从句）,从句是陈述句 (口语中常省略）,从句是一般疑问句,从句是特殊疑问句,We know (that)we should learn from each other. Please tell me if/whether you have been to America. Could you please
9、tell me where the restrooms are?,that if/whether（是否） wh-/how(即特殊疑问词),二.宾语从句的引导词,1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.,练一练,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.H
10、e worked last night. 4.They will go home. 5.Jim has been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend ,（that）,2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,练一练,1.Is h
11、e reading ? 2.Do you get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
12、Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.,练一练,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下开头
13、与下列句子连成宾语句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me 4. The man asked ,引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导 词，看从句成份是否完整， 不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。 完整，判断主句语气， 是疑问语气，用 if/whether; 是肯定语气，用that.,If/whether（是否）的区别,一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether： 在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. 在介词后：It depends o
14、n(依靠) whether it is going to rain. 与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. 做主语从句：Whether he is right isnt important.,主语,从句是特殊疑问句, 当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致, 可简化成: 特殊疑问词+to do.,Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？,Can you tell me how to get to the nearest post office
15、？,1.填写合适的引导词,1 Can you tell me_you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where 3 I hardly understand. _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 4 She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be,C,A,B,B,5. I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when 6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how 7. He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 8. He asked his friend _ to go
