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1、岳麓书院英文导游辞 GoodmorningLadiesandGentlemen： TodaywewillgoandvisittheYueluAcademyYueluAcademyisoneofthefourfamousacademiesinChina,anditwasestablishedbyZhudong,magistrateofTanzhouprefecturein976A.DatthetimeofNorthernSongDynasty.TheacademyaccepteddisciplesthroughouttheSong,Yuan,MingandQingDynasties.Itwaso
2、nlyin1903thattheacademywastransformedfromaschooloftraditionalConfucianlearningtoaninsituteofhigherlearningandin1926itwasofficiallynamedHunanUniversity. Earlyin1015,EmperorZhenZongoftheSongDynastyawardedtheacademyhidMajestysownhandwriting“YueluAcademy”onatablet.Formthenonmanyfamousscholarsandgreatthi
3、nkersgavelectureshere,amongthemwereZhangshi,ZhuxiandWangYangming,thusmakingagreatimpactontheprovincescultureandeducation.MostoftheexistingbuildingsherewereconstructionsoftheMingandQingDynasties,andthebulkoftheengravedstoneplatesandinscribedtabletshaveallbeenkeptintact,In1956theacademywaslistedasahis
4、toricalsiteattheprovinciallevelandlater,in1988itbecameahistoricalsiteatthestatelevel.Thelastrestorationprojectstartedin1981andthemajorpartwaspletedin1987. Now,hereweareatthe“HeXiPlatform”,“HeXi”meansthe“thesplendourofthesunrise”,ItwasnamedbyZhuxi,agreatidealistphilosopheroftheConfucianschoolduringth
5、eSongDynasty,TheplatformwasfirstbuiltonthetopofYueluhill,byZhanshi,andlaterin1528,apavilionwasbuiltonit,Butitbecamedesertedwiththepassingtime.In1790Luodian,themasteroftheacademy,builtaplatformatthepresentsite,In1820,thesucceedingmaster,OuyangHoujun,renamedit“HeXiPlatform”inordertomemoryZhuxiandZhans
6、hi.Itwasrestoredin1868. OntheinnerwallsoftheplatformaretwobigChinesecharacters“Fu”and“Shuo”,whichmean“blessing”and“longevity”respectively.LegendhasitthattheCharacter“Shuo”waswrittenwithabroomsoakedinyellowmudbyaTaoistmasteratthetimeMasterLuodianwasattendingabanquetinhonouroftheexaminationofficialsan
7、dthosedispelswhohadpassedthecivilexamHenceithasbeenregardedashaving“celestialtouch”Thecharacter“Fu”waswrittenbyLuodian,themasterhimself. ThisgateinfrontofusistheMainGate,thegatewasformerlybuiltatthetimeoftheSongDynasty,andwasthencalled“CentralGate”.Themaingateunderwentbothdestructionandreconstructio
8、ninthecourseoftime.Thepresentstructurewasoncethoroughlyrenovatedin1868. Thecharacters“YueluAcademy”onthehorizontaltabletwereinscribedbyEmperorZhenZongoftheSongDynasty.ItwaspresentedasanawardtoZhoushi,themasteroftheacademy,whenhewassummonedtotheemperorspresence.Onbothdoorpostsarecoupletswhichread“The
9、kingdomofChu,uniquehomeofthetalents,TheAcademyofYuelu,theverycradleofall”.ItwasposedintheQingDynastybythemasteroftheacademy,YuanJiangangandhisdiscipleZhangRenjie. ThisgatewastheSecondGate,Itwasfirstbuiltin1527duringtheMingDynasty.Itunderwentrepairsandrestorationmanytimes.Itwaspletelydevastatedduring
10、theAntiJapaneseWar.In1984,thegatewasrestoredtoitsformerstate. ThisistheLectureHall,wherethestudentshadlessonshere,itwasfirstbuiltatthetimeoftheSongDynastyandwasoncenamed“JingYiHall”.Now,ithasamoreelaboratename“TheHalloftheLoyalty,FilialityHonestyandIntegrity”,becauseontheinnerwallsofthehallareengrav
11、edfourbigChineseCharacters:“loyalty,filiality,honestyandintegrity.Theywerehandwritingbythegreatscholar,Zhuxi,whooncelecturedhere.Others,suchastheSchoolRegulations,theAdministrationsandWaytoReadweremasterpiecesofthemastersoftheacademy.Onthetwohorizontaltabletshangingontopwerewritten: “Learnbeforeyouc
12、anprobetheinfinitenessoftheuniverse.” “ThedoctrinestaughthereinthesoutharegenuineConfuciandoctrines.” TheywereinscribedbytheemperorKangxiandQianlongrespectivelyduringtheQingDynasty. ThebuildinginfrontofusistheYushuLibrary,“yushu”literallymeans“imperialbooks”,soYushuLibrary,builtin999A.DintheearlySon
13、gDynasty,wasaplacetokeepimperialbooks.Bookswerecontinuouslysenthereduringthesucceedingdynasties.Thelibrarywasfirstnamed“ClassicsTreasuringHouse”intheSongDynasty,“ClassicVeneratingHouse”intheYuanandMingDynasties,andfinally“YushuLibrary”intheQingDynasty,.Ithadbeenrepairedandexpandedmanytimes,andnowithasacollectionofovertwentythousandChineseclassics.Thisbuildingwasrebuiltonitsoriginalsitein1986. ThetwosmallpavilionsXiQuanandNiLan,builtduringtheSongandMingDynasties,wererestoredtotherightandleftofthepoundgalleriesinordertodisplayculturalrelics. ign:left;line-height:150%;
