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1、Chapter 1Introductions to LinguisticsI.Choose the best answer. (20%)1.BLanguage is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human_A. contactB. communicationC. relationD. community2.AWhich of the following words is entirely arbitrary?A. treeB. typewriterC. crashD. bang3.C The function of the sent
2、ence “Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade.” is_.A. interrogativeB. directiveC. informativeD. performative4.CIn Chinese when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the people present are likely to say“碎碎（岁岁）平安”as a means of controlling the forces which they believes feel might affect their li
3、ves. Which functions does it perform?A. InterpersonalB. EmotiveC. PerformativeD. Recreational5.CWhich of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place, due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anythin
4、g in any situation?A. TransferabilityB. DualityC. DisplacementD. Arbitrariness6.BStudy the following dialogue. What function does it play according to the functions of language? A nice day, isnt it? Right! I really enjoy the sunlight.A. EmotiveB. PhaticC. PerformativeD. Interpersonal7.A_ refers to t
5、he actual realization of the ideal language usersknowledge of the rules of his language in utterances.A. PerformanceB. CompetenceC. LangueD. Parole8.CWhen a dog is barking, you assume it is barking for something or at someone that exists hear and now. It couldnt be sorrowful for some lost love or lo
6、st bone. This indicates the design feature of _.A. cultural transmissionB. productivityC. displacementD. duality9.A_ answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language.A. PsycholinguisticsB.Anthropological linguisticsC. SociolinguisticsD. Applied linguistics10.C_ deals with langu
7、age application to other fields, particularly education.A. Linguistic theoryB. Practical linguisticsC. Applied linguisticsD. Comparative linguisticsII.Decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)11.FLanguage is a means of verbal communication. Therefore, the communication way use
8、d by the deaf-mute is not language.12.FLanguage change is universal, ongoing and arbitrary.13.TSpeaking is the quickest and most efficient way of the human communication systems.14.F Language is written because writing is the primary medium for all languages.15.F We were all born with the ability to
9、 acquire language, which means the details of any language system can be genetically transmitted.16.F Only human beings are able to communicate.17.FF. de Saussure, who made the distinction between langue and parole in the early 20th century, was a French linguist.18.F A study of the features of the
10、English used in Shakespeares time is an example of the diachronic study of language.19.F Speech and writing came into being at much the same time in human history.20.F All the languages in the world today have both spoken and written forms.III.Fill in the blanks. (10%)21.verbalLanguage, broadly spea
11、king, is a means of _ communication.22.productivityIn any language words can be used in new ways to mean new things and can be combined into innumerable sentences based on limited rules. This feature is usually termed _.23.metalingual functionLanguage has many functions. We can use language to talk
12、about itself. This function is _.24.yo-he-hoTheory that primitive man made involuntary vocal noises while performing heavy work has been called the _ theory.25.scientificLinguistics is the _ study of language.26.descriptiveModern linguistics is _ in the sense that the linguist tries to discover what
13、 language is rather than lay down some rules for people to observe.27.speechOne general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of _ over writing.28.diachronic linguisticThe description of a language as it changes through time is a _ study.29.langueSaussure put forward two important concepts. _ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all members of a speech petenceLinguistic potential is similar to Saussures langue and Chomskys _.Chapter 2Speech SoundsI.Choose the best answer. (20%)1.APitch variation is known as _ when its patterns are imposed on sentences.A.
