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1、本科生专业英语 水工建筑物部分,重力坝 拱坝 支墩坝 土坝 堆石坝 土石坝 均质土坝 平板坝,gravity dam,arch dam,buttress dam,earth dam,rock-fill dam,earth-rock dam,homogeneous earth dam,flat slab buttress dam,1、坝的种类 坝 dam,碾压混凝土坝 混凝土面板堆石坝 人工材料面板坝 橡胶坝,土质心墙坝 土质斜心墙坝 人工材料心墙坝,Roller Compacted Concrete Dam,concrete faced rock-fill dam,artificial mat
2、erial faced dam,rubber dam,earth dam with soil core,earth dam with inclined soil core,artificial material-core dam,宽缝重力坝 空腹重力坝 软基重力坝 整体式重力坝,slotted gravity dam,hollow gravity dam,gravity dam on soft foundation,monolithic gravity dam,连拱坝 单曲拱坝 双曲拱坝,multiple-arch dam,single-curvature arch dam,double-cu
3、rvature arch dam,浆砌石拱坝 浆砌石重力坝 溢流坝 大头坝,stone masonry arch dam,stone masonry gravity dam,overflow dam,massive-head buttress dam,2、具体位置,坝顶 坝肩 坝踵 坝趾 坝址,dam crest，dam top,dam abutment,dam heel,dam toe,dam site,3、作用荷载 forces,重力 静水压力 扬压力 冰压力 地震荷载 动水压力 浪压力 泥沙压力,gravity,hydrostatic pressure,uplift,ice pressu
4、re,earthquake forces,hydrodynamic pressure,wave force,silt pressure,4、隧洞 tunnel,水力发电隧洞 水工隧洞 泄洪隧洞 导流隧洞 排沙隧洞 无压隧洞 有压隧洞 灌溉隧洞,hydropower tunnel,hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel,spillway tunnel,river diversion tunnel,silt-releasing tunnel,Free-flow tunnel,pressure tunnel,irrigation tunnel,5、溢洪道 spillway,
5、泄水建筑物 溢洪道 正槽式溢洪道 侧槽式溢洪道 非常溢洪道 滑雪道式溢洪道 虹吸式溢洪道 井式溢洪道 无闸门控制的溢洪道,discharge structure,spillway,normal channel spillway,side channel spillway,emergency spillway,ski-jump spillway,siphon spillway,shaft spillway,uncontrolled crest spillway,消力池 消力戽 消能工 底流消能 面流消能 挑流消能,6、消能 energy dissipation,stilling pool,rol
6、ler bucket,energy dissipater (or),energy dissipation by underflow,energy dissipation by surface flow,energy dissipation by trajectory jet/ (ski jump),7、闸门 gate,闸门 弧形闸门 平面闸门 溢流式闸门 顶溢式闸门 射流式闸门 自溃闸门 尾水闸门 防倒灌闸门 工作门 检修门 事故门 叠梁门 水下闸门,gate （单一的闸门）,radial gate,plane gate,Overflow gate,Overpour gate,Jet-flow
7、 gate,Self-collapsing gate,tail gate,Backwater gate,service gate,bulkhead gate,emergency gate,Stoplog gate,Submerged gate,8、闸 sluice,水闸 冲沙闸（排沙闸） 挡潮闸 分洪闸 节制闸 进水闸 排水闸 拦河闸,sluice(规模更大),silt-releasing Sluice,tidal sluice,flood diversion sluice,check sluice,inlet sluice,outlet sluice,river sluice,9、墙 wal
8、l,岸墙 齿墙 刺墙 防浪墙 混凝土防渗墙 胸墙 导墙 隔墙 挡墙 翼墙,land wall,cut-off trench,key-wall,wave wall,concrete cut-off wall,breast wall,lead wall,partition wall,retaining wall,wing wall,10、缝 joint,周边缝 横缝 纵缝 水平施工缝 伸缩缝 施工缝,peripheral joint,transverse joint,longitudinal joint,horizontal joint,contraction joint,construction joint,11、灌浆grouting,灌浆 接触灌浆 接缝灌浆 帷幕灌浆 固结灌浆 灌浆帷幕,grouting,contact grouting,joint grouting,curtain grouting,consolidation grouting,grout curtain,
