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1、 FROM THE AUTHORS 1 I n this new edition, we have done our best to incorporate content on contemporary issues and new developments in social work. We have integrated a new focus on critical thinking. This was done by including a thorough examination of what critical thinking involves, providing abun
2、dant applications to generalist practice, and incorporating numerous critical thinking questions throughout the book. Our hope is to stimulate students ability to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate their approaches to professional practice. Content on empowerment also has been expanded to provide an
3、even greater emphasis on strengths. Other new content includes social work roles in disaster relief; work with immigrants and refugees, faith-based social services, working with diverse families, cultural infl uences and battered women, provision of support in the coming out process, evidence-based
4、practice, participatory research, social workers use of technology, additional suggestions for social work recording, and a wider range of global issues. As in previous editions we strive to make the reading interesting and practical for students by addressing real-life professional challenges and i
5、ncluding numerous case examples. We continue to emphasize the interrelationships among micro, mezzo, and macro levels of practice. Thank you very much for your interest in this book. We sincerely hope that it will serve as a useful tool for teaching students generalist practice. Karen K. Kirst-Ashma
6、n Grafton H. Hull, Jr. ? 2 NEW TO THIS EDITION A practical guide to whats happening in the field, right now NEW! Refl ecting the current trends in the fi eld, this edition features additional emphasis on the strengths and empowerment perspectives, as well as the increasing importance of evidence-bas
7、ed practice. Discussion and Resolution of Ethical Dilemmas in Generalist Practice Contexts399 The concept of self-determination has special ethical implica- tions for adults having physical disabilities. Major (2000) indi- cates that “client self-determination is closely linked with the concept of a
8、utonomy,” a persons ability to function inde- pendently (p. 9). Depending on the type and degree of the disabilities, people with physical disabilities often experience greater diffi culties maintaining autonomy than do able-bodied people. For example, a person with a serious visual impair- ment may
9、 have great diffi culty getting around in an unfamiliar neighborhood without assistance. Gilson, Bricout, and Baskind (1998) interviewed six people with physical disabilities who felt social workers tended to focus more on their health status and limitations than on themselves as unique individuals.
10、 Ethical concerns included stereotyping people based on the disability label and clearly visible disabilities, ignoring strengths, accessing personal infor- mation without receiving client permission, and not consulting clients as expert resources for information about their disabili- ties and issue
11、s. Although limited in scope due to small sample size, this study and its implications of paternalism raise serious ethical questions regarding social workers maximizing self- determination. It apparently is easy for social workers to make assumptions about people with disabilities that emphasize we
12、akness instead of strength. The following are recommendations for improving service provision to this population-at-risk. Adopt a consumer-oriented approach (Mackelprang Pfeiffer, 2005; Rothman, 2003; Major, 2000) Treating people as consumers involves assuming that they are knowledgeable about their
13、 own needs and are capable of making intelligent decisions about services. This approach contrasts sharply with that of making decisions about whats best for clients without their input, recommendations, and consent. Three facets are especially important. First, listen very care- fully to what the c
14、lient is saying instead of jumping to conclu- sions based on the disability label. Second, ask the client to clarify when you do not understand. Third, carefully scrutinize any possible assumptions you may be making about your client and his or her disability. Face your stereotypes and work to get r
15、id of them. Learn about services and resources (Beckett Major, 2000; Rothman, 2003) People with physical disabilities have the same needs and wants as able-bodied people. They just have more obstacles in the way of getting what they need. Services include rehabilita- tion, employment, and health, re
16、sidential, recreational, and personal care. Financial resources include various sources of public funding, such as disability insurance, workers compen- sation, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), and other forms of public assistance (Asch 2001b, November) reports a range of scenarios. Social workers helped people trying to fi nd miss- ing relatives cope with their terror and grief. They provided mental health counseling in walk-in clinics for family members of victims and for other
