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1、BUS,Do you want to enjoy a city ? The bus is best choise.,The London Bus,The London Bus is one of Londons principal icons, the archetypal red rear-entrance Routemaster being recognised worldwide. Although the Routemaster has now been largely phased out of service, with only two heritage routes still
2、 using the vehicles,the majority of buses in London are still red and therefore the red double-decker bus remains a widely recognised symbol of the city.,The new buses in London are just buses. They arent London buses.,然而就在双层巴士50周年华诞的2004年,伦敦市长利文斯通宣布:伦敦明年将淘汰双层巴士,代之以新型公共汽车。在2006年,这个伦敦经典的象征将带着它那特殊的喇叭声
3、驶入历史终点站,和伦敦的很多古迹一样,留给世人的真的只有怀旧了。,The London Bus,Were Routemasters really dangerous ? The back of the bus was an open platform with no doors . Perhaps this wasnt very safe -but Londoners like to do their own thing .And the Routemasters were fast in the traffic.,the back,An open platform,Not safe= dan
4、gerous,The London Bus,The real London bus was the old Routemaster.,The London Bus,Night buses night buses have adopted standard London bus fares. Some daytime bus routes have also started operating 24 hours a day, using the same (non-N prefixed) route number. All night buses (whether on N-prefixed r
5、outes or 24-hour routes) are standard red buses.,Heritage routes Although the rear-entrance double-deck Routemaster has now been withdrawn from all regular service routes, they are still in use on two heritage routes in central London.,classification,The London Bus,Tour buses A common sight in centr
6、al London are tour buses, the majority being open-top buses. These are double-decker buses with a fully or partially open upper deck, which provide tourist services with either live or recorded commentary. Most of these services allow passengers to embark and disembark at any of the companys stops,
7、continuing their journey on a later bus,Long distance buses Long-distance buses link London with the rest of the UK and with other cities in Europe.,Airport buses,classification,A representation of the standard London bus stop (although completely fictional in the place names, and route numbers)yell
8、ow squares mean “buy tickets before boarding“; blue squares denote a night bus; the “S“ at the top of the pole identifies a particular bus stand at a location with many stands,标准伦敦公交站点示意图:黄色方块表示上车前需买票,蓝色方块表示夜间线路,杆顶的S表示一个在一区有许多站点的公车站。,The London Bus,“公交车道”的方向分两种:一种是“同向公交车道”,即公交车与其他车辆行驶方向相同,这是最为普遍的;另一
9、种是“反向公交车道”,多见于单行道。车道被涂成红色,上面印有“公交车道”的字样。 公交车道都配有相应的蓝色标示牌,每个标示牌之间相隔一定距离,在公交车道的起始点、支路路口会另外安放标示牌。标示牌上会标出允许使用公交车道的车辆种类,通常是公共汽车、自行车和出租车,同时还会标出车道运行时间。,The London Bus,Intelligent transportation system (交通系统智能化) 英国公交系统将道路、驾驶员和车辆有机地结合在一起。一方面,英国交通管理部门可以通过道路监控设施将道路交通及车辆行驶状况及时反馈给公交车驾驶员,保证驾驶员及时获悉交通运行状况;另一方面,车站电子
10、显示屏上详细标有不同线路的公交车目前所在位置,预计到达车站时间,乘客可以做到心中有数,避免盲目等车。,Diversification of ticket (车票多样化) 有一日之内有效的两地往返票,有一日之内在一定区域内不限次数乘坐的日票,有在一周内有效的周票,还有月票、季票、年票等。此外,市民凭地铁票也可以乘坐公交车,无需另外购票。,Features,The London Bus,service 24 hours (公交24小时服务) 在住宅区与市中心之间运行的公交车最后一班发车时间通常在午夜24时,此外还有个别车次在晚间运行,站牌上会在夜车的线路数字前加一个字母“N(晚间)”。这样,公交车
11、基本实现了全天24小时运行。,free bus (特定人群免费乘坐) 从2005年9月起,伦敦市内的有轨电车和公交车对16岁以下青少年实行免票制;从2006年4月起,伦敦地铁对11岁以下儿童实行免票制,从而鼓励市民乘坐公共交通工具。伦敦市长肯利文斯通今年5月9日宣布,从今年9月起,免费乘坐伦敦有轨电车和公交车的年龄限制由16岁改为18岁,Features,The Los Angeles Bues,人性化服务之一:时刻表 the time table 每个公交系统都为乘客提供了时刻表,不但张贴在公交车站,并可以在公交车供乘客领取,还可以在网站上查询。Metro公司的网站还提供详细的乘车方案查询,
12、只要你输入出发点和目的地地址,系统将会告诉你最佳的乘车及换乘方案。,人性化服务之二:残疾人设施 Facilities for the disabled 在洛杉矶坐公交车,经常可以看到坐着轮椅的残疾人,而且很可能没有人陪同。洛杉矶的公交车基本上都配置了很好的残疾人设施。当驾驶员看到有残疾人要上车,如果是坐轮椅的,他可以将车门的台阶切换成平板,并降低高度。,Features,The Los Angeles Bues,人性化服务之三:自行车架 bicycle frame 洛杉矶很少有人骑自行车,不过对于这些骑自行车的人来说,他们可以享受到非常人性化的服务,可以带着自行车乘公交车。当然自行车不是放在车
13、厢内,而是放在公交车头专用的自行车架上。一般每辆公交车前可以放两辆自行车。,人性化服务之四:安全第一 safety first 洛杉矶的公交车非常注重安全。洛杉矶所有的公交车的车窗玻璃虽然都是密封的,但几乎所有车窗都是安全门,这与国内的空调车的车窗差别很大。这些安全门的操作很方便,不需要锤子敲玻璃,而只要抬起车窗下面的横杆即可打开窗门。,Features,The Los Angeles Bues,No Food, No Drink 乘坐洛杉矶的公交车须遵守一个规定:No Food, No Drink,每个车厢内都会贴着相关警示语。基本上所有乘客会遵守这一规定,偶尔看到有乘客违反,在司机的提醒下,乘客会很不好意思地停止相关行为。 逃票重罚 steal a ride 在洛杉矶Metro公交车内,都会张贴了一张标语,意思是:请自觉买票,逃票者将被罚款250美元,是票价的200倍。,The Chinese Buses,中国城市公交十宗罪,The Chinese Buses,期待中国公交人性化改革,