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1、 As, though, although的用法1. 用作连词,表示让步 (意为:虽然,尽管),要用于倒装句,且倒装后位于句首的名词通常不用冠词 (等于though, 但语气稍弱)。如:Child as though he was, he did quite well. 他虽是个孩子,但已干得很不错。2. 用作关系代词,主要用法有二。如:(1) 用在such, same, as等之后,引导限制性定语从句。如:This is the same watch as I lost. 这块表跟我丢失的那块一样。Such men as heard of him praised him. 听说过他的人都赞扬
2、他。(2) 单独用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前 (常译为:正如 )或之后 (常译为:这一点),且主从句之间一般要用逗号隔开。如:He was absent, as is often the case. 他缺席了,这是常有的事。As was expected, he succeeded at last. 正如我们所料,他终于成功了。3. 用来表示目的,下面两种句子结构都可以。如:仔细写以便把每句话都写清楚。正:Write carefully so as to make every sentence clear.4. 在正式文体 (尤其是文学体裁)中,as后可用倒装语序表示“也
3、一样”这类意思 (现代英语通常so表示这一用法)。如:He travelled a great deal, as did most of his friends. 他去过许多地方旅游,他的多数朋友也是一样。注:用作连词,表示原因 (参见because),表示时间 (参见when)。5. 用于 as ifas though, 意为“仿佛”、“似乎”。两者一般可通用 (但注意不能说 as although)。用法上注意几点:(1) as if though 可引导状语从句和表语从句,从句谓语根据语义的要求,可用陈述语气 (若可能为事实)或虚拟语气 (若为假设或不太可能是事实)。如:It looks
4、 as if it is going to rain. 天似乎要下雨了。He talks as though he knew everything. 他夸夸其谈,好像无所不知。When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. 当把一支铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时,它看起来好像折断了似的。当主句谓语是过去时态时,从句谓语常可用陈述语气。如:He paused as though he found a difficulty. 他停了下来,似乎遇到了一个难题。She felt as if she lo
5、st something. 他觉得似乎丢了什么东西。(2) 当从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语中又包括有动词be时,从句主语及其谓语中的动词be通常可以省去。如:From time to time he turned round as though (he was) searching for someone. 他不时地四下张望,好像在找人。He opened his mouth as if (he was) to speak. 他张开口,好像要说话似的。6. 关于 asas, 用法注意:(1) 中间只能用形容词或副词的原级,不能用比较级或最高级。如果在第二个as之后使用独立的人称代词,一般
6、说来用主格 (较正式)或宾格 (非正式)均可。如:He is as old as her old sister. 他年纪跟她一样大。注意:要是第二个as之后的人称代词跟有谓语动词,则该人称代词只能用主格。如:He is as old as she is.但是有时用主格或宾格含义差别很大。如:You love him as much as I (=as I love him). 你爱他像我爱他一样。You love him as much as me (=as you love me). 你爱他像爱我一样。(2) 在肯定句中用asas, 在否定句中用not asas或not soas 均可。如:
7、He does not study as so hard as his brother. 他学习不如他弟弟努力。(3) 要注意比较对象的一致性,即比较的双方必须是可以比较的同类人或物,否则会出错。如:正:The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。误:The population of China is much larger than Japan.(此句错在将 the population of China 与 Japan 来比较,比较对象不一致)(4) 如果涉及数量或程度,可用以下两个结构。
8、如:as much (不可数名词) asas many (可数名词复数) asYou must speak English as much as possible. 你必须尽可能地多说英语。You have made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。(5) 请注意下列结构的词序。如:她和她妈妈一样是位好厨师。正:She is a cook as good as her mother.正:She is as good a cook as her mother.误:She is as a good cook as her mother.(6) 修饰
9、asas结构的常见词语有nearly, almost, just, exactly, half, quite, twice, three times等,请注意这些修饰语都只能放在asas 结构之前 (而不能置于其中或其后。如:This rope is twice as long as that one. 这根绳子比那根长一倍。(7) asas结构的下列用法,属于“异质比较” (注:主、从句的主语和谓语一致时,从句的主语和谓语有时可以省略)。如:The room is as long as (it is) wide. 这房间的长宽尺寸一样。The news was as unexpected a
10、s (it was) welcome. 这消息来得突然,但受人欢迎。She is as clever as (she is) beautiful. 她既聪明又漂亮。One is as light as the other is heavy. 一个轻,另一个重。(8) asas结构在一定的上下文中可以用其省略结构 (即省去其中的一个 as)。如:She is clever, but her brother is just as clever. 她很聪明,但她兄弟也一样聪明。The woman married a man poor as herself. 这个女人嫁给了一个与她一样穷的男人。用作连
11、词,两者大致同义,可换用,只是although比though更为正式。如Although (或Though) it was cold, he didnt light the fire. 虽然天气很冷,他也没生火。2. although一般不用作副词,而though可用作副词,且一般只放在句末,不放在句首,意为“可是”、“不过”。如You said so though. 不过你是这样说的。3. 在as though (好像、仿佛),even though(即使、纵然)等短语中不能用although。如He talks as though he knew anything. 他夸夸其谈好像无所不知。4. though 引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意,倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词),但although一般不这样用。如Poor though I am, I can afford it. 我虽穷,但这东西还是买得起的。5. 在although 和though之后均不能用but,但在强调时可用yet, still, nevertheless等词。Though he seems happy, yet he is worried. 虽然他看起来很幸福,但他实际上很烦恼。