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1、英语专八改错解题思路 1. 宏观层面分析 (1)句子结构(理顺整个句子的结构,必要时检索上下文) (2)逻辑关系(关联词选择:并列、递进、因果、转折、假设、让步等) (3)时态和语态(完成时和虚拟语气是考查重点) 2. 微观层面分析 (1)缺漏(介词、代词、引导词) (2)冗余(两个主语、同义重复) (3)误用(词性、分词、正反义、主被动、形容词和副词级别) (4)一致性(名词单复数、主谓一致、先行词) (5)词义与固定搭配 3. 注意事项 (1)即使按照语感很快找到了疑似错误,也要坚持读完全句再做判断,可能会有新的发现。过于相信第一感觉而带来的失分是划不来的。 (2)分两次改比较合理,因为毕
2、竟只有少数人能够在第一遍看材料的时候就找出所有的错误,尽管这些错误不见得隐藏得多深。 (3)常考题型,高度警惕。 1 冠词:the变a, a变the,补the补a,删a删the,每年都玩的把戏。 2 单复数:无非是his变their之类的,关键是细心。 3 近义词:例如distinct和distinctive,move和movement,interest和interests 4 反义词:尤其看到dis, un, im,in,non之类的,更要琢磨一下。 5 关联词:几乎是保留节目,and, but, however, though, moreover, therefore 6 非谓语动词:见了
3、ing想ed,见了ed想ing, 就是这么贱。 7 形容词比较级:多半是把原形改为比较级。考的频率也蛮高的。 8 虚拟语气:注意一下还是比较容易看出来的,多长个心眼儿吧。 9 It:有时要加,有时要删,有时要变itself,总之多盯“它”几眼。 10动词词组:其实主要是介词的问题,这个没办法临时抱佛脚,要靠积累.改错:1、改错虽然为主观题,但错误类型相对集中,可分为以下几种情况:定冠词:a, an, the误用,甚至多出来;解决办法:分析定冠词的主语及上下文有无指代;级:分两类错误,第一种是原级用成比较级,比较级用成最高级,反之亦然。有一种除外,是两者比较谁最好,可以用最高级;第二种是意思相反
4、,如most改为least;连词错误:也分两种,第一种为连词误用,应该表示转折的用成了并列,比如while改为and;第二种为近义词。在不同语境中用However, Nonetheless, 比用but更合适,更合乎语法;(与逻辑关系也有关,看上下文,联系语境)词性错误:多出现为形容词转变为副词,反之亦然;也有可能是限定,如adv.+adj.+n.,如下所说;形容词改为动词或名词等,多出现在一词多性的情况下;形容词限定错误:出现在adj.+adj.+n.要知道第1个adj.是限定第2个adj.还是限定n.;若是限定第2个adj.,大多改为副词adv.;搭配错误:多为介词搭配错误,如in som
5、e extent改为to,rely in改为on等;也有搭配词没有给出,需要自己添加,比如define.as;词义错误:比如:rather than改为other than;(此项比较难)近义形容词错误:例如:respective, respectable, respectful, respecting, respected;(此项比较难)缺失:例如the fact 后面直接接了句子,中间缺少that,表明同位关系;多余:有的地方莫名其妙多出一个词,多为介词,是没有用的;词义相反:多出现在形容词,需要在前面添加或去掉in-, im-, ir-, un-等否定前缀;主动被动:分析主语与谓语动词的
6、逻辑关系是主动还是被动,多出现在分句中;三单:主语与谓语是单数还是复数,主语是否为不可数名词,是的话如何判断谓语动词是单数还是复数,还是有特殊用法;时态:现在时用为过去式,或者进行时用成了现在时等;定语从句用错先行词:which用成了that;难点儿的比如:for which用成了which,要知道for which=why, in / at which=where;还有什么情况下必须用that,比如人和物搭配,序数词,the one, the only,不缺任何成分,有否定词,有all等;以下八大高频考点的分类出自华研专八人文知识与改错,现将八大类错误整理如下,主要包括:1.短语搭配错误;2
7、.易混词错误;3.逻辑关系错误;4.代词错误(一致错误);5.冠词错误;6.形容词和副词使用错误;7.成分残缺或冗余;8.动词时态或语态错误。 笔者认为这八类错误基本涵盖了改错考试中出现的错误,首先了解错误类型,对应对改错具有重要意义。 另外,笔者在总结华研专八人文知识与改错和星火专八改错满分突破60篇两本练习册中近100篇改错题的基础上,搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子(语法词汇类错误居多),并根据所属错误类型整理如下。(注意:带的表示前边的是错误的,后边的是改正之后的;其他的没有正确错误之分)1.短语搭配错误 (大部分为介词错误)carry/get with things carry/get
8、 on with things to let alone let alonein return to in return for the need of the need forsubstitute A with B substitute A for B account 70%- account for 70%under the grounds of/that on the grounds of/that attitude on life attitude towards/to lifein a quick speed at a quick speed with many respects i
9、n many respectsat the face of in the face(s) of considerations to considerations forbecome victims of - become victims to ride in a train ride on a trainthe problems with the government the problems for the governmentresistive against resistive to resistance of resistance toembark sth embark on sth
10、with the belief that in the belief thatat advance of sth in advance of sth interpret to interpret asin line to in line with to varing degrees in varing degreestake pride of take pride in leap out to me leap out at meinject them lethal strains inject them with lethal strainscharge himwiththe same pri
11、ce charge him the same priceimbalance of A and B imbalance between A and Bshortage of protein with them shartage of protein among themfortify sb for sth fortify sb against sth (加强以抵御)shed light to sth shed light on sth in proportion with in proportion topay for it with dollars pay for it in dollars
12、be in liberty to be at liberty tobegin at doing begin with doing be contrasted to be contrasted withcommit an offence to commit an offence against modern time modern timesability of (doing) sth ability in (doing) sth defend sth against defend sth fromat the first place in the first place pay money i
13、n doing pay money for doingtake to do take to doing (“求助于,开始”,to为介词)yearn to yearn for at average on averageidentify oneself to identify oneself with be successful on doing be successful at/in doingget ones teeth on get ones teeth into(埋头做,认真做)the action of formation the action of forming (of后应接动名词而
14、非名词)approach to do approach to doing one contributor of one contributor toconsumers demand of luxury goods consumers demand for luxury goodson ones 30s in ones 30s balk to balk at (回避,绕过)differ A from B distinguish A from B suit to sb/sth suit for sb/sthvary by vary with emphasis of emphasis on2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative imaginary adapt adopt confirm conformformer formal diary dairy personal personnelbeside besides principal principle intelligent intelligibleconscious conscientious stationary stationery considerate considerableaffect(影响) effect(致使、达成) contact contract