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1、,导师：稻壳儿,二轮复习讲练测,第五讲：构词法,01,考情分析,02,知识建构,03,真题研析,04,考点提炼,目录,CONTENTS,05,题型特训,01,考情分析,PART ONE,词类的构成考点主要分布在语法填空中，懂得词类的构成对我们平时学习英语帮助极大。,对我们的阅读大有帮助。,构词法概述,02,知识构建,PART TWO,构词法种类,03,真题研析,PART THREE,真题研析,规律探寻,1.,（江苏泰州）,Beijing,the capital of China,is worlds,_,(one)city to host Olympic Games twice.,【答案】,fi
2、rst,【解析】句意：中国首都北京是世界上第一个两次举办奥运会的城市。根据,“city to host Olympic Games twice”,可知，此处是指第一个两次举办奥运会的城市，表示顺序用序数词,first“,第一,”,。故填,first,。,真题研析,规律探寻,2.,（江苏泰州）,With the,_,(develop)of the society,more and more people devote their energy to charity.,【答案】,development,【解析】句意：随着社会的发展，越来越多的人将精力投入到慈善事业中。空格位于,“the”,和,“o
3、f”,之间，用名词形式,development“,发展,”,，固定短语,with the development of“,随着,的发展,”,。故填,development,。,3.,（,2023,江苏泰州）,Audiobooks(,有声读物,)are so welcome that the number of the listeners is increasing,_,(rapid).,【答案】,rapidly,【解析】句意：有声读物是如此受欢迎，听众的数量正在增加。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填,rapidly,。,真题研析,规律探寻,（,2023,深圳一模）,How much do
4、you know about Wushu?Wushu,also known as martial arts,is one of the earliest,_36_,(sport)in China.It uses both body and brain.Whats more,Wushu is an outstanding example of,_37_,(tradition)Chinese culture.It can explain,_38_,Chinese people understand the world.Over its long history,Wushu,_39_,(develo
5、p)into a special unity of exercise,self-protection and art.,As a sport and,_40_,artistic form,Wushu wins great popularity in China.In Shenzhen,some schools have Wushu classes for kids.Every training,_41_,(require)students to take it seriously.Only by training hard can they build up,_42_,(they)bodies
6、 and meet the challenges in the future.,As a competitive sport with great fitness value,Wushu has spread,_43_,(wide)across the world.Bruce Lee helped make Wushu world-famous.Thanks to him,the word“kung fu”appeared in many foreign language dictionaries.Many Chinese have set up Wushu schools outside C
7、hina,providing people,_44_,the chance to experience the fantastic sport.During the Hangzhou Asian Games in 2023,more people were able,_45_,(enjoy)the beauty of Wushu.,【答案】,36.,sports,37.,traditional,38.,how,39.,has developed,40.,an,41.,requires,42.,their,43.,widely,44.,with,45.,to enjoy,37,题和,43,题都是
8、词形变化题,（一）合成法,由两个或多个单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成法，合成的词叫作合成词。初中阶段最常见的合成词是名词，如：,homework,作业,notebook,笔记本,schoolbag,书包,basketball,篮,football,足球,playground,操场,birthday,生日,postcard,明信片,weekend,周末,bathroom,浴室,bedroom,卧室,classroom,教室,fireman,消防员,policeman,警察,postman,邮递员,rainbow,彩虹,spaceship,宇宙飞船,spacesuit,宇航服,sno
9、wman,雪人,gentleman,绅士,核心考点提炼,考向探究,其他常用的合成词：,everyday,每天的,hard-working,努力的,online,在线的,outdoors,在户外,outside,在外面,anybody/anyone,任何人,anything,任何事（物）,anywhere,任何地方,everybody/everyone,每个人,everything,所有事（物）,somebody/someone,某人,something,某事（物）,somewhere,某处,nobody,没人,nothing,没有事（物）,nowhere,无处,everywhere,处处，到处
10、,核心考点提炼,考向探究,（二）派生法,由一个词加上前缀或后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。,1.,前缀：通常变词义，不变词性,常用的前缀,示,例,dis-,表示否定、相反或相对，可用在动词、名词、形容词前,agree,同意,disagree,不同意,appear,出现,disappear,消失,like,喜欢,dislike,不喜欢,advantage,优点,disadvantage,缺点,honest,诚实的,dishonest,不诚实的,un-,im-,in-,ir-,il-,表示否定意义，多用于形容词前,happy,开心的,unhappy,不开心的,healthy
11、,健康的,unhealthy,不健康的,polite,礼貌的,impolite,不礼貌的,possible,可能的,impossible,不可能的,correct,正确的,incorrect,不正确的,regular,规则的,irregular,不规则的,re-,表示,“,重新；再,”,，用在动词前,build,建造,rebuild,重建,cycle,循环,recycle,再循环,view,观察,review,复习,核心考点提炼,考向探究,2.,后缀：通常变词性,（,1,）常用的形容词后缀,常用的形容词后缀,示,例,-able,(n./v.adj.,),表示,“,可以,的；显示,性质,”,ac
12、cept,接受,acceptable,可接受的,comfort,舒适,comfortable,舒服的,fashion,时尚,fashionable,流行的,value,价值,valuable,宝贵的,-ful,(n.adj.,),表示,“,充满,的,”,beauty,美丽,beautiful,美丽的,cheer,快乐,cheerful,快乐的,success,成功,successful,成功的,harm,伤害,harmful,有害的,-less,(n.adj.,),表示,“,没有,的,”,care,谨慎,careless,粗心的,home,家,homeless,无家可归的,life,生命,li
13、feless,无生命的,help,帮助,helpless,无助的,-ous,(n.adj.,),表示,“,有,性质的,”,danger,危险,dangerous,危险的,fame,名声,famous,有名的,-y,(n.adj.,),表示,“,有,特征的,”,cloud,云,cloudy,多云的,rain,雨,rainy,下雨的,health,健康,healthy,健康的,-ly,(n.adj.,),表示,“,有,性质的,”,friend,朋友,friendly,友好的,love,爱,lovely,可爱的,day,一天,daily,每天的,-ing/-ed,(v.adj.),表示,“,有,特征
14、的,”,surprise,吃惊,surprising,令人吃惊的；,surprised,感到惊讶的,relax,放松,relaxing,令人轻松的；,relaxed,放松的，自在的,其他形式：,-ish,-ive,-en,-ern,-al,等,fool,傻瓜,foolish,愚蠢的,attract,吸引,attractive,有吸引力的,gold,金子,golden,金的,south,南方,southern,南方的,tradition,传统,traditional,传统的,核心考点提炼,考向探究,（,2,）常用的名词后缀,常用的名词后缀,示,例,-er/or,(v.n.),表示人或物,driv
15、e,驾驶,driver,司机,work,工作,worker,工人,sing,唱歌,singer,歌手,speak,说话,speaker,发言者；扬声器,cook,烹饪,cooker,炉具,contain,容纳,container,容器,invent,发明,inventor,发明家,visit,参观,visitor,游客,-tion(,v.n.,),表示行为或结果,act,行动,action,行动,invent,发明,invention,发明,pollute,污染,pollution,污染,introduce,介绍,introduction,介绍,celebrate,庆祝,celebration
16、,庆祝,invite,邀请,invitation,邀请,-ment,(v.n.),表示行为或结果,agree,同意,agreement,同意,develop,发展,development,发展,achieve,取得成就,achievement,成就,announce,宣布,announcement,公告,advertise,做广告,advertisement,广告,核心考点提炼,考向探究,常用的名词后缀,示,例,-ness,(adj.n.),表示性质、状态,happy,幸福的,happiness,幸福,sad,悲伤的,sadness,悲伤,ill,生病的,illness,疾病,-dom,(adj./n.n.),表示状况、领域,free,自由的,freedom,自由,wise,睿智的,wisdom,智慧,king,国王,kingdom,王国,其他形式：,-th,-ty,-ence,-ance,-hood,-ist,-ian,-an,-ese,等,dead,死的,death,死亡,true,真实的,truth,真相,safe,安全的,safety,安全,difficult,困难的,diff
