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1、北师大版北师大版Unit 21Unit 21 Unit 21 Human BiologyHuman BiologyLesson3EpidemicsExplainedDiseasesheadache, backache, toothache, stomachacheInfluenza, cold, fever, stomach ulcerTBThe Beriberi mental disease The smallpoxSARSSyndromes of Acute Respiratory SystemAIDSAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HIVHuman
2、 Immune Virus TBTuberculosis Look at the Key Words. Which of these diseases can be epidemics?AIDS, cancer, headache, flu, heart disease, stomachacheAIDS, fluAnswer:艾滋病淋巴结肿大艾滋病淋巴结肿大流感病毒流感病毒 鼠鼠疫：英文名称：疫：英文名称：Bubonicplague或或Blackplague,由耶尔森氏菌经老鼠或其他啮齿由耶尔森氏菌经老鼠或其他啮齿动物寄生的跳蚤而传播的一种急性传染病，病动物寄生的跳蚤而传播的一种急性传染病，病
3、人头疼、高烧，淋巴结肿大，臀部、腿部及全人头疼、高烧，淋巴结肿大，臀部、腿部及全身出现黑斑，且会咳出暗黑色的血，故又称黑身出现黑斑，且会咳出暗黑色的血，故又称黑死病。在人类历史上曾多次大面积爆发，其蔓死病。在人类历史上曾多次大面积爆发，其蔓延地域之广，持续时间之长，造成的死亡率之延地域之广，持续时间之长，造成的死亡率之高，都是别的传染病无法比拟的。高，都是别的传染病无法比拟的。画家笔下的中世纪黑死病景象画家笔下的中世纪黑死病景象 母亲抱着她死去的孩子母亲抱着她死去的孩子 神职人员忙着处理因黑死病死者神职人员忙着处理因黑死病死者 “西班牙流感西班牙流感”的病状十分可怕，感染者的的病状十分可怕，感
4、染者的面部先会因为缺氧而变成黑紫，血有时会从面部先会因为缺氧而变成黑紫，血有时会从患者的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子中流出。该病发病患者的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子中流出。该病发病时间短，有些人早上发病，到晚上即宣告不时间短，有些人早上发病，到晚上即宣告不治。也有的会拖上几天，慢慢因为肺部充满治。也有的会拖上几天，慢慢因为肺部充满血样液体而窒息身亡。西班牙流感比黑死病血样液体而窒息身亡。西班牙流感比黑死病还致命，在欧洲和非洲造成上百万人丧命，还致命，在欧洲和非洲造成上百万人丧命，印度也有印度也有12001200万人因此丧生。万人因此丧生。甲甲流流肆肆虐虐排队接种甲流疫苗排队接种甲流疫苗预预防防甲甲流流Workinp
5、airs.DoyouthinktheseWorkinpairs.Doyouthinkthesestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)?statementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)?1) Flu kills millions of people every year.1) Flu kills millions of people every year.2) Most diseases are very new.2) Most diseases are very new.3) Epidemics have affected historical 3) Epid
6、emics have affected historical events.events.T TT TT T5) Epidemics can wipe out up to half of 5) Epidemics can wipe out up to half of the population in urban areas.the population in urban areas.6) More people died of a flu epidemic in 6) More people died of a flu epidemic in 1918/1919 than died in W
7、orld War I.1918/1919 than died in World War I.4) It takes years for a disease to spread 4) It takes years for a disease to spread worldwide.worldwide.T TF FT TMatch the five paragraphs (A-E) with gaps 3,5, 8, 10 and 12 in the text. ABCDEParagraph 3Paragraph 5Paragraph 8Paragraph 10Paragraph 12Readin
8、gComplete these sentences about the text in your own words.1.We know that epidemics have been with us for thousands of years because2.2. An epidemic may have been one of the key causes of the fall of the Roman Empire because3. The “Black Death” spread rapidly in Asia and Europe because4. SARS spread
9、 from Hong Kong to Canada, Vietnam and Singapore because5. Many doctors and nurses became ill with SARS because About the Plague550AD, Roman emperor Justinian, 25%-50%, the main reason why the Roman empire fell About the Black Death 1330s, in Asia, providing perfect conditions for the spreading. to
10、1/3 was lost toAbout Great Flu Epidemic of 1918 The most acute worldwide epidemic in the historySARSLiu Jianjun came to Hongkong, passed the virus to people. Then carriers carried it to Canada,LanguagepointsLanguagepoints1. populated: adj. 有人居住的有人居住的 a thickly populated city 人口稠密的城市人口稠密的城市 densely s
11、parsely populated city 人口稠密人口稠密稀少稀少的城市的城市 The new land was quickly populated by the new settlers.2. abnormal: adj. 不正常的不正常的, 反常的反常的;变态的变态的 我们认为这样的反常现象不会持续我们认为这样的反常现象不会持续很久。很久。 We do not think such an abnormal phenomenon will last long. That is simply abnormal.3. severely: 严严格的格的;严厉严厉的的他受到他受到严惩严惩。He
12、was severely punished. Dangerous driving should be severely punished.be severely ill/ wounded 患重病患重病/负负重重伤伤leave/ let severely alone 敬而敬而远远之之4. 原因和影响原因和影响 causes and effects5. 人人们们估估计计 People estimate that/ It is estimated that6. 死于死于 : die of /die from This is because each year millions of smokers
13、die from smoking. die from/ die of 均可表示均可表示“因因而死亡而死亡”; 指疾病造成的死亡用指疾病造成的死亡用die of 和和die from均可。均可。 die from还可表示因外部创伤或间接还可表示因外部创伤或间接的原因而死。如的原因而死。如: die from a wound, die from overwork, die from polluted air die of 常指因内部原因造成的死亡常指因内部原因造成的死亡, 如如:疾病、饥渴、年老、悲伤、事故等。疾病、饥渴、年老、悲伤、事故等。 die of disease/hunger/old a
14、ge/sadness/ accident die by 指死于暴力指死于暴力, 刀或剑等凶器。刀或剑等凶器。如如: die by the sword/hanging die for 为某种事业或目的而死。如为某种事业或目的而死。如: die for ones country/ the people/ the revolutionary cause die in poverty 因贫穷而死因贫穷而死 die away 逐渐减弱、消失逐渐减弱、消失 die out 绝迹、灭亡绝迹、灭亡 The noise died out. This customer has died out in China. be dying for 极想得到极想得到 She is dying for a piano of her own. They are dying for a visit to the Great Wall.Thanks for attending!
