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1、1.go through通过某场所通过某场所 vi, vteg: Can the table go through (the door).经历经历,遭受遭受(苦难苦难) vteg: The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.eg: go through hardship if a law ,contract ,ect. goes through ,it is officially accepted or completed.(法律合同等正式法律合同等正式)通过通过,接受接受,达成达成.eg: The dea
2、l did not go through.eg: The bill has gone through without a vote. to look at or examine sth carefully, especially in order to find sth.仔细查看某事物仔细查看某事物,检查某事物检查某事物,审查某事物审查某事物. eg: She went through the room but couldnt find the missing ring. eg: Please go through your papers before you hand them in.2.
3、get through：1.They got the bill through.2.She has got through the exam.3.How long does it take you to get through a letter.4.Thousands of refufees will die if these supplies dont get through to them.5. I tried calling you several times but I couldnt get through to you.法律，议案等通过；法律，议案等通过；通过（考试等）通过（考试等
4、）读完，写完，做完。读完，写完，做完。消息，食物等到达某人处。消息，食物等到达某人处。电话联系上某人。电话联系上某人。3. set down set off set out set up set aside 把。放到一边或搁到一边。把。放到一边或搁到一边。省出，留出（钱或时间）省出，留出（钱或时间）暂时不考虑或放到一边暂时不考虑或放到一边She tries to set aside some money every month.Lets set aside my personal feelings for now.4. take part in join join in attend大小活动都
5、可。大小活动都可。参加（某组织，政体，俱乐部等）并参加（某组织，政体，俱乐部等）并成为其中一员。成为其中一员。通常指参加小型活动。通常指参加小型活动。指参加会议，仪式，婚礼，上学，指参加会议，仪式，婚礼，上学，上课，听报告，听演讲，听音乐会等。上课，听报告，听演讲，听音乐会等。join sb (in doing sth)We are playing football, will you join in/ take part?. take part in / join / join in / attend My father _ the army 30 years ago. Will you _
6、 us for dinner? Why not _ us _ playing football? I hope you will all the discussion. All of us the sports meet. Who will represent our class to _ the meeting? Jim saw the new boy watching the game and asked him tojoinedjoinjoininjoin in/ take part injoin in/ take part inattendjoin in/ take part die
7、out die off die away die down1)The practice of children working in factories has_.2)The excitement soon_.3)The sound of the engine_ as the car drove into the distance.4）Some animals on the earth _.5) The flock of chicken _.动植物的灭绝；风俗习惯的消失。动植物的灭绝；风俗习惯的消失。相继死去相继死去（指光线，声音，风等）渐息，渐弱。（指光线，声音，风等）渐息，渐弱。（火，兴奋
8、，暴风雨等）渐息，渐弱（火，兴奋，暴风雨等）渐息，渐弱; 指骚动等渐渐平息。指骚动等渐渐平息。died outdied downdied awaydied outdied off(to die one by one )( sound /wind /light becomes gradually weaker and finally stops)5.6. care for/about7. turn on/off/down /up/to/over/out turnturn out: (to out: (to be)+nbe)+n. /. /adjadj/adv./adv. that thatIt
9、It was cloudy this morning , but it turned out was cloudy this morning , but it turned out fine.fine. It turned out that this method did not work well.It turned out that this method did not work well.to produce sb/sth生产，制造生产，制造The factory turns out 900 cars a week.The school has turned out some firs
10、t rate students.8. no more than: only not more than:不超过，不多于不超过，不多于 less than not less than: 不少于不少于 no less than: as many /much as 有有之多之多1.She spent no more than fifty dollars on the coat.2.She spent not more than fifty dollars on the coat.3.The boy has no less than 100 dollars in his pocket.4.The bo
11、y has not less than 100 dollars in his pocket. 9.take in/ after/ apart/ off/on/ over/ up1) Your daughter doesnt _ you at all. 2) Her singing career began to_.3) Id like to _next Friday_.4) The chameleon can _ the colours of its background.5)The tour _ six European capitals.6) Dont _ by his charm- he
12、s ruthless.take aftertake ontake inbe taken intake offtakeoff 1) Her singing career began to take off. I hear the business is really taking off vi success 成功成功,成名成名2)take off your coat/ hat/ skirt/ glasses vt脱掉脱掉(衣衣. 帽帽. 鞋等鞋等), 取下取下( 眼镜眼镜,戒指等戒指等)3)The plane took off very smoothly. vi 飞机等起飞飞机等起飞 4) I
13、d like to take next Friday off休假休假5)Take your hand off my shoulder. You should take your toys off the table.从从拿走拿走 take up: 接受；拿起；开始（从事）；继续；接受；拿起；开始（从事）；继续； 占据时间和空间占据时间和空间;(尤指为消遣尤指为消遣)学着做，开始做学着做，开始做eg: 1. In order to get the job, Ive to take up his suggestion. 2. She took up his offer of a drink. 3.
14、 I have taken up teaching since I graduated from university. 4. He takes up his job next week. 5. Lets take up the text where we finished yeaterday. 6. He takes up a pen and writes down his name. 7. Writing the paper took up most of the weekend. 8. The table takes up too much space. 9. They have tak
15、en up golf. take sb/sth in: 留宿，收留；欺骗，蒙骗；吸入，吞入留宿，收留；欺骗，蒙骗；吸入，吞入（体内）；包含，包括；理解，领会，记住。（体内）；包含，包括；理解，领会，记住。1.Halfway through the chapter I realized I hadnt taken anything in.2. He was homeless, so we took him in.3. Fish take in oxygen through their gills. take sb on: to employ sb take sth on:呈现，具有（特征，外观等
16、）呈现，具有（特征，外观等） take sb/sth on决定做，同意负责，承担责任决定做，同意负责，承担责任1.His voice took on a more serious tone.2.I cant take on any extra work.3.Were not taking on any new clients at present10. stand for (1) 代表代表,象征象征The letters UK the United Kingdom.Uk the United Kingdom.(2) 主张支持某事物主张支持某事物.(be for be against)我们主张言
17、论自由我们主张言论自由.另另: stand by 袖手旁观袖手旁观vi; 支持或援助某人支持或援助某人vt当他陷入困境时你怎能袖手旁观呢当他陷入困境时你怎能袖手旁观呢? 无论发生什么我都会支持你的无论发生什么我都会支持你的.We stand for freedom of speech.How can you stand by when he is in trouble?I will stand by you whatever happens.stand forstands forstand out: 出色，杰出，更为重要；显眼，突出。出色，杰出，更为重要；显眼，突出。eg: The lette
18、ring stood out well against the dark background.eg: The new road sign is easy to read; the words stand out well.eg: He stands out as a writer. as a result =as a consequence=in consequence 结果，因此。结果，因此。e.g. As a consequence, she lost everything she owned.11. as a result of = as a consequence of= in co
19、nsequence of 因为，由于因为，由于eg: As a consequence of your bad work, I am forced to dismiss you. with the result that: conj 为此为此,因此因此I was very busy, with the result that I couldnt take care of her.1.Over the past decades , sea ice has been decreasing in the Arctic _global warming.2. My friend Tom was very
20、 sick with a strange fever ; _, he could neither eat nor sleep.3. His illness _eating some polluted food.4. The accident _the death of two passengers.as a result ofas a resultresulted fromresulted in12. all the way by the way on the/its way on the /ones way In the/ ones way in a way/ in one way/ in
21、some ways一路上，一直一路上，一直顺便提一下，顺便问一句顺便提一下，顺便问一句妨碍，当着的路妨碍，当着的路即将到达即将到达在去的路上在去的路上在某种程度上在某种程度上 (1)Knowing that help is _，the exhausted man fell asleep.(2)_，where did you get this dress？ (3)Failure is _ good to ones development.(4)When she was about to speed the car，she saw a large cow _.on the/its wayBy th
22、e wayin a wayin the wayeg: He is _to school.eg: He is _his wife.(see) eg: There is a letter _to you.eg: He is _a doctor.(become)eg: You will have to move- you are_.eg: I left them alone, as I felt I was_. on the wayon his way to seeon its wayon the way to becomingin my wayin the way13.watch out (for
23、)=look out (for)注意注意.当心当心,提防提防eg: Watch out for dangerous animals such as tigers and wolves while traveling in this forest.eg: You need to watch out here. The ground is a bit icy.eg: Watch out !There is a car coming.watch over sb/sth: 照管，监督，保护照管，监督，保护14 .break down：vi（机器等（机器等)出故障出故障; （身体）垮掉，毁掉；（身体）垮
24、掉，毁掉； （讨论，谈判（讨论，谈判,计划等）失败；计划等）失败； （情绪失去控制的）痛哭，大哭。（情绪失去控制的）痛哭，大哭。 break in: vi 强行进入，破门而入。强行进入，破门而入。 break up 打碎打碎, 破碎破碎, (与人）分手等。与人）分手等。 break out break into 破门而入破门而入 break away( from sb/ sth) 脱离，背叛脱离，背叛(政党政党, 国家等，尤指再组建新的）国家等，尤指再组建新的）(1)To save the boy out, they had to _the door.(2)The telephone syst
25、em has _.(3)The car _ on the way home.(4)You will _if you work too hard. (5) Their marriage _ two years ago. (6) The people of the province wished to _ and form a new state.(7) He _ when he heard the news. break intobroken downbroke downbreak downbroke upbreak awaybroke down15.pay off vt全部还清全部还清; vi
26、（尤指冒险的计划或行动）（尤指冒险的计划或行动） 成功成功,奏效，达到目的。奏效，达到目的。pay off all my debts.The gamble paid off.pay forpay back1) He paid back his debts.2)I ll pay you back next week.3)I dont know how to pay you back for you help.4)Ill pay him back for making me look like a fool in front of everyone. 偿还。偿还。 报答报答.报复报复.1.Thou
27、gh we take a great risk of investing in the project, yet it will _ in the long run. A. go off B. turn up C. pay off D. come up2. Ill _ him_ for making me look like a fool in front of everyone.payback16. end up as end up in end up with end up doing sth1. He ended up as the head of the company.2. If y
28、ou drive your car like that, youll end up in hospital/prison.3. The class ended up with a story.4. Did you know he ended up marring his secretary.17. give sth back give in to sb/ sth give sth away give sth off give up sth/ doing sth give out归还归还, 送还送还 投降投降,屈服屈服泄露泄露,捐赠捐赠,捐送捐送发出气味发出气味,热热,光等光等放弃放弃(做做)某
29、事某事vt 分发分发,散发散发; vi (食物食物,燃料燃料,力量等力量等)用完用完,用尽用尽1. She gave away state secrets to the enemy.2. The flowers gave off a fragrant perfume.3. The teacher gave out the exam papers.4. Her patience finally gave out.17. pick up拾起拾起,拾拾.开车去接某人开车去接某人(健康健康,景气景气,事态事态)恢复恢复,使恢复使恢复,变好变好.(偶然偶然)的发现的发现;得到得到(知识知识,利益等利益等
30、)1.I picked up a coin in the road.2.Shall I pick you up at the station?3.I believe things will pick up soon.4.He piked up the book in a most unlikely place.5.I picked up my coat from cleaners.6.We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction.7.We can pick up the motorway in a few miles.取回，收集取回，收
31、集(碰巧或廉价地碰巧或廉价地) 买到买到To find and follow a route 找到，追踪，追寻找到，追踪，追寻18. pick out:1. She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.2. See if you can pick me out in this photo.精心挑选精心挑选认出来，辨别出。认出来，辨别出。3. He picked out the ripest peach for me.4. We couldnt pick out any familiar landmarks.19. get a
32、cross (to sb) get sth across (to sb)被传达，被理解，把被传达，被理解，把讲清楚讲清楚1. Your meaning didnt really get across.2. Hes not very good at getting his ideas across.get away fromget away with逃离（某地），摆脱（某人）逃离（某地），摆脱（某人）偷走偷走偷携某物潜逃；做坏事未受惩罚偷携某物潜逃；做坏事未受惩罚Dont be tempted to cheat- you ll never get away with it.get the cro
33、ps inget over her shyness/th problem1. We need to _a lot more new business.2. They _to respect authority.3. What _the change in his attitude?bring inwere brought up20. bring up抚养抚养,养育；提出养育；提出,提出话题；呕吐提出话题；呕吐; bring down 使价格降低使价格降低 bring about 引起；导致引起；导致 bring in引进；赚取引进；赚取brought e across:1) I came ac
34、ross children sleeping under bridges.to meet or find sb/ sth by chance. 偶然遇见，碰见，发现。偶然遇见，碰见，发现。vtrun across sb/ sth meet with sb/ sthhappen to meet sb/ sth2) He spoke for a long time but his meaning didnt really come across.to be understood. 被理解，被弄懂被理解，被弄懂.vi22. make up：组成；占多少份；和好，和解；：组成；占多少份；和好，和解；
35、化妆；编造；弥补。化妆；编造；弥补。make up for: Nothing can make up for the loss of a child.After all the delays, we were anxious to make up for lost time.make for/out/it1) Constant arguing doesnt _ a happy marriage.2) I cant _ what she wants.3) I could hear voices but I couldnt _ what they were saying.4)Women _ 56
36、of the student numbers. 5) He _ some excuses about his daughter being sick.6) The committee _ seven members.7) They quarreled but soon_.8) I cant _ his writing.9) Im sorry I wont be able to_ on Saturday.10) He says hell get up at six tomorrow morning, but hell never _.make formake outmake outmake up
37、made upis made up ofmade up有助于有助于,促进促进理解理解make out勉强分辨出勉强分辨出,勉强认出勉强认出(字等字等)make itmake it成功成功,达到目的达到目的,赶上赶上看清，听清，分清，辨认清楚看清，听清，分清，辨认清楚能够出席或到场。能够出席或到场。23. look up look down on/upon look up to sb look out24. take place happen holdvi通常表示偶然发生通常表示偶然发生vi指安意图计划进行指安意图计划进行vt eg: Our school sports meet will ha
38、ppen/ take place/ be held in a few weeks. 25. cut down cut off1)The apple tree was dead and he _ it _.2)Our water supply has been_.3)The village was _ by the heavy snow.4)Just when we connected and he said hello we were _.5)The car industry _ production.6)They _ the enemys retreat(撤退撤退, 退却退却).7)Your
39、 trousers are too long, so youd better_ them_.8)We need to _ the article _ to 1000 words.砍倒；砍倒； 削减，缩小（尺寸，数量或数目）削减，缩小（尺寸，数量或数目）停止，中断（供给）停止，中断（供给）,切断电话；切断电话；切断切断, 使使与外界隔绝与外界隔绝cutdowncut offcut offcut offcut downcut offcutdowncutdowncut out: 切去，切去， 省略；停止做某事省略；停止做某事 cut up： 切碎，剁碎切碎，剁碎1. I cut this artic
40、le out of the newspaper.26. This in turn had an effect on the food supply for wolves. 转而转而; 反过来；反过来；理论的基础是实践，又转过来为实践服务。理论的基础是实践，又转过来为实践服务。Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.(反过来反过来) Stressful environments leads to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which in turn inc
41、rease the risk of heart disease.(转而转而)in turn(s)by turnstake turns to do sth=take turns (at) doing sthIts ones turn to do sthThey wash the dishes by turns. Its your turn to read.27. in time on time in no time at no time at a time at one time from time to time at times take ones time kill time及时，总有一天
42、及时，总有一天准时，按时准时，按时立刻，马上立刻，马上绝不绝不一次，同时一次，同时曾经曾经 有时，偶尔有时，偶尔 别着急，慢慢来别着急，慢慢来消磨时间消磨时间1. You will succeed in time.2. At no time will smoking be permitted here.28put forward 提出计划建议问题等。提出计划建议问题等。推荐，推举推荐，推举把钟表拨快把钟表拨快将将提前提前eg: Put forward an argument/ a plan/ a suggesstion put yourself forward We decided to pu
43、t him forward as moniter. put a clock/ watch forward The mens final has been put forward to 1:30.put away/ out/down/aside/up/back/offeg: They decided to put aside their differences.29. except except for except+ that / what/ how /when 引导的从句引导的从句 besides apart from in additoin toeg: Your composition i
44、s excellent except for a spelling mistake.eg: Your picture is good except for some of the colours.eg: He answered all the questions except the last one.eg: The house was just as I left it except that everything was covered with dust.eg: I dont know anything about the case except what I read in the n
45、ewspaper.eg: He often goes there except when it rains.1. _working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time.2. I dont really want to do. _, its too late now.Besides/In addition to/Apart fromBesides/ In addition1. The suit fitted him well _ the colour was a little brighter. A. except for B
46、. except that C. except when D. besides2. - Can you tell me all about the earthquake?- Sorry,I know nothing about it _ I read in the newspaper.A. except B. except for C. except what D. except that3. Mr Green usually goes to work by bus _ it rains. A. besides B. except when C. except what D. beside4.
47、 I know nothing about the meeting _it was held. A.except B. besides C. except for D. except where30. divideinto. separate fromeg: Divide an apple into halves/ in half/ in twoeg: The room is divided into two sections.eg: A narrow strait separates Europe from Africa.The child was/ got separated from i
48、ts mother. 31. build up :加大，加强；增强体质加大，加强；增强体质1. Wed better leave the boy alone; Im sure he can make up his own mind.2. Leave me out of this quarrel, please.32. leave alone :不去打扰某人，别碰某物不去打扰某人，别碰某物. leave out:遗漏，漏掉，删去，不考虑，不包括。遗漏，漏掉，删去，不考虑，不包括。 3333. means. means n. n. n. n. a means of transportation/
49、communication a means of transportation/ communication There There are many other means of solving the problem.are many other means of solving the problem. 当然可以当然可以, ,没问题没问题Phrases: Ill finish it by all means. -Can I borrow your car ? By all means. Only by this means can we solve it. We express our
50、feelings by means of words. She is by no means poor; in fact, shes quite rich. -Dad, may I use your car this weekend?-Never! By no means should you touch it!决不决不借助于借助于绝对不能绝对不能无论如何无论如何, ,务必务必用这种方法用这种方法手段手段;方法方法;工具工具单复同形单复同形34.on (the) one handon the other( hand)一方面另一方面（用于对比不同的事情或观点）一方面另一方面（用于对比不同的事情或
51、观点）eg: I know this job of mine isnt well paid, but on the other hand I dont have to work long hours.eg: On the one hand I want to sell the house, but on the other hand I cant bear the thought of moving.35. in spite of: despite36. feel like doing sth: would like to do sth37. call up: 给给打电话；回忆起打电话；回忆起
52、 call at sp call on/upon sb call off call for call on /upon sb to do sth1. The sound of happy laughter called up memoriesof his childhood.2. The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day.38. call sb (up) ring sb (up) telephone sb call sb back ring sb back ring off hang up hang on hold on answer the telephone sb be wanted on the phone
