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1、 Learning about Language Find out the words and phrases in the passage according to the expressions:1.A machine usually with wheels and an engine which is used for transporting people or goods on land, particularly on roads. = 2.To make use of (the prize)= 3.To be carried away = vehicle To take up T
2、o be swept upReview4. To see = 5.To be unable to see = 6. You have travelled through many time zones. So you feel very tired. The feeling of this kind of tiredness is called _.7. A shortage of oxygen =To catch sight of To lose sight ofjet laglack of fresh air8. all the time, very often =9.to make sb
3、. remember sth. =10.happening or existing before the one mentioned =11.rapidly, quickly =constantlyremindpreviousswiftly12. Tired =13. To take goods or people from one place to another in a vehicle=14. To be quick in action or movement =15. Very quickly = exhaustedtransporthurryin no time16. Not sur
4、e or feeling doubt =uncertainCan you say out more phrases with take?Take off, Take away,Take out,Take in,Take forTake down，Take on,Take over,Take back,Find a suitable word to complete each sentence in its proper form:1. Are you going to _ up the challenge?2. Sorry, Ive _ up you too much time.3. When
5、 did you _ up English?taketakentake4. As I walked through the town, I was _ reminded of my childhood.5. Please _ me to get up early next morning.6.The teacher _ him that he should pay more attention to his handwriting.7. The view _ her of Scotland. 8. She has two children from a _ marriage.constantl
6、yremindremindedremindedprevious9. A cat is _ to a tiger in many respects.10.What is the _ between a cat and a tiger?11.They were _ dressed.similarsimilaritysimilarlyCan you tell the different meanings of the following:nbe the same asnbe different fromnbe opposite to12. I was so _ about my exams that
7、 I didnt sleep.13. Jill is always _ of dogs.(afraid)14. They were _ about what to do next.nervousnervousuncertain15. He didnt enter the university because of the _ of money in his family.16. Sometimes he _ confidence.17. Philip was not _ in intelligence or ability. (short of)lacklackinglacks18. Alic
8、e dressed _.(quickly)19. They put out the fire by _ water on it.20. Teachers make a living by _.21. He wrote the letter with a _.22. _ must do ones/his duty.swiftlypouringteachingpenOne23.I was wandering through the street when I _ _ _ a tailors shop.caught sight of Can you say out more phrases with
9、 catch?Can you say out more phrases with sight?catch up with, catch fire, catch cold,catch the bus, be caught in( a rain),catch sb. doing, catch ones attentionat first sight, come in sight, at/on sight, go out of sightat the sight of,24. The strong wind _ up the leaves off the street.25. _, I slid i
10、nto bed and fell _ _.Notice:We can only say:fast/sound asleep, wide awake,all alone, well worthsweptExhaustedfastasleep27. She _ along the ice.28. I _ on the ice.( fell down)29. What on _ are you speaking?slidslippedearthLearning about languageAnswer key for exercise 1 on page 20People space guidevi
11、sitorsstewardstewardessMachines / Equipmenttime capsuleopeningspace capsulehovering carriagesmasksafety beltjetflying vehiclesEffectsTime lag happy and optimistic feelings uncertain jet lag pessimistic or depressed feelings headache exhaustedAnswer key for exercise 2 on page 201.search for2.take up
12、3.slide into4.sweep up5.press down1.search for2.swept up3.pressed down4.sweep up5.took up6.slidintoAnswer key for exercise 3 on page 20opportunitiesconstantlystewardessespreviousadjustmenttoleratetake uplose sight oflinkbentUsing words and ExpressionsAnswer key for Exercise 1:1.lost sight of2.Catch
13、sight of3.Caught sight of4.Lost sight ofAnswer key for Exercise 2typistcapsulerepresentativeimpressionefficiencymotivationinstantswitchflashmanufacturedmaterialssettlementsAnswer key for Exercise 31.This parcel of books is 250 yuan including This parcel of books is 250 yuan including postagepostage
14、and packing. Please write down the receivers and packing. Please write down the receivers address and dont forget the address and dont forget the postcodepostcode. .2.Decades ago, people used Decades ago, people used typewriterstypewriters for for formal formal documentsdocuments, but mow we use com
15、puters and , but mow we use computers and printers to do the same work.printers to do the same work.3.Although it Although it has a long shelf lifehas a long shelf life, , instant coffeeinstant coffee may may go solidgo solid if it is not kept dry. if it is not kept dry.4.One thousand years in the f
16、uture, One thousand years in the future, citizenscitizens of the of the earth may be able to earth may be able to dispose ofdispose of their rubbish using their rubbish using anan ecological ecological system. system.5.The snake was so The snake was so greedygreedy that it that it swallowed upswallo
17、wed up the the rat in one bite.rat in one bite.6.Dealing with people is one important Dealing with people is one important aspect aspect of a of a businessmans work.businessmans work.7.When we came home from our walk across the When we came home from our walk across the fields, we had fields, we had
18、 mudmud all over our boots. all over our boots.8.After six weeks in hospital, he After six weeks in hospital, he was back on his was back on his feetfeet and ready to start work. and ready to start work.Answer key for Exercise 4Michael stared as thoughHe stood as ifHe felt as ifHe hugged his father
19、as thoughall the problems had been removed.he had never seen his father before.he could never thank him enoughturned to stoneJanet spent money as ifWhen the bills came, she cried as ifAs she asked the bank manager for a loan, she talked and laughed as ifWhen she got the money , she felt as thoughShe
20、 walked home as ifshe had had a narrow escapeshe would never stopshe was floating on airthere was no tomorrowshe had no troublesJanet felt as if she would never laugh again when her father died.Giles and Sarah felt as though they were walking on air when they fell in loveSusan felt as though all the
21、 energy had gone out of her when she heard the bad news.Alison felt as if she was standing on top of the world when she climbed Mount Qomolangma.Sample sentencesAnswer key for exercise 1 on page 211.Well-known for their expertise, his parents company 2.Hit by a lack 3.Exhausted, I slid into bed Disc
22、overing useful structures1.Frightened by the loud noise, I went to see what was happening.2.Hit by the lack of fresh air, he got a bad headache.3.Tired after the long journey, I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space station.4.Frightened by the noise outside, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroo
23、m.Answer key for exercise 2 on page 215.Built in 1910, the museum is almost 100 years old.6.Given some advice by the famous scientist, the student was not worried about his scientific experiment any more.7.Exhausted by a days work. George took some tablets to help him feel better.8.Very astonished b
24、y the amount of work in the new timetable (given by her boss), Lucy decided to leave her job immediately.Answer key for exercise 3 on page 211.Soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer called Li Qiang.2.I am going to buy a painting copied from Vincent van Gogh.3.I like that old private house buil
25、t of wood and mud.4.The room connected to the rest of the house by a long passage is completely empty.5.The queen was sitting in a royal carriage drawn by four horses.6.The vehicle mentioned in the book is unknown to me.7.The castle built in 1432 is under repair. Using structuresWell known for his b
26、ooks about South Africa, JM Coetzee won the Booker Prize.A princess once owned a magical chair made of gold and sliver.Oh his birthday he received a mysterious present wrapped in gold paper.Interrupted by the bell, he was unable to finish his speech.Awakened by a noise at midnight, she saw thief in
27、her roomSeated, passangers should fasten your seat belts.Answer key for Exercise 1calledEndangeredpointedknownfallensupportedTerrifiedAnswer key for Exercise 2Grammar 过去分词作定语和状语过去分词作定语和状语 过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分的概念，但是如果是不及物动
28、词用作过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、动意义。过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、补足语、定语或状语补足语、定语或状语. 1.过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放在名词过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放在名词之前，分词短语必须放在名词之后，这种情之前，分词短语必须放在名词之后，这种情况与现在分词作定语时相同。况与现在分词作定语时相同。 Her job was to take care of the (wounded) soldier .We are doing our (written) exercises .The
29、machine (run by the old worker) is made in Shanghai . 2表示情感的动词的过去分词表示情感的动词的过去分词 一般由表示情感或心理状态的动词转化而来的过一般由表示情感或心理状态的动词转化而来的过去分词作定语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物，去分词作定语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物，有些此类过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的有些此类过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：这类过去分词有：disappointed（失望的），（失望的），moved（感动的），（感动的），interested（感兴趣的），（感兴趣的），touched（被感动的），（被感
30、动的），surprised（感到惊讶（感到惊讶的），的），shocked（震惊的、震撼的），（震惊的、震撼的），puzzled（迷惑不解的），（迷惑不解的），frightened（受惊吓（受惊吓的）等等。的）等等。 如：如： a frightened driver吓坏了的司机吓坏了的司机 a disappointed girl感到失望的女孩感到失望的女孩 3不及物动词的过去分词不及物动词的过去分词 一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而的过
31、去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。没有被动语态的意义。 如：如： newly-arrived goods新到的新到的 fallen leaves落叶落叶 faded flowers凋谢的花凋谢的花 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 1基本特点和形式基本特点和形式 过去分词作状语要特别注意其逻辑主语应该过去分词作状语要特别注意其逻辑主语应该和句子的主语保持一致。通常过去分词在句和句子的主语保持一致。通常过去分词在句中可以作时间状语、原因状语、方式状语、中可以作时间状语、原因状语、方式状语、伴随状语和让步状语等，而且可以与对应的伴随状语和让步状语等，而且可以与对应的状语从句进行句型
32、转换。状语从句进行句型转换。 1）_ time，hell make a first-class tennis player AHaving given BTo give CGiving DGiven 3）MrSmith，_ of the _ speech，started to read a novelAtired；boring Btiring；bored Ctired；bored D tiring；boring 点拨：点拨：be tired of的意思是的意思是“厌倦厌倦”，过，过去分词短语在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语去分词短语在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语是句子的主语MrSmith
33、；现在分词；现在分词boring的意思是的意思是“令人厌烦的令人厌烦的”，修饰，修饰speech。2对逻辑主语一致不作要求的过去分词对逻辑主语一致不作要求的过去分词 有些过去分词在使用过程中已经转换成介词或有些过去分词在使用过程中已经转换成介词或连词，此时作状语已无法从逻辑主语一致来连词，此时作状语已无法从逻辑主语一致来理解，此类过去分词要引起注意。如：理解，此类过去分词要引起注意。如： 1）_ the general state of his health，it may take hima while to recover from the operation AGiven BTo give
34、 CGiving DHaving given 点拨：此处的点拨：此处的given是介词，意思是是介词，意思是“鉴于、考鉴于、考虑到虑到”。 2）Granted that he is absent，there is no excuse 点拨：点拨：granted that的意思同的意思同even thougheven if，用来引导让步状语从句，意思是，用来引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽尽管，即使管，即使”。 1. The programs _ (put) on yesterday evening were really wonderful.2. _ (send) to the hospital
35、immediately, the wounded soldier was saved.3. Youd better not get the plastic bags and boxes _ (burn), for it will give off some harmful gas and pollutants into the air.4. The firefighters are trying their best to rescue all the people _ (trap) in the fire.practiceputSentburnttrapped5. The little gi
36、rl was very _ (frighten) at a frightening voice.6. They found the house _ (break) into and rang up the police at once.7. The bridge that was _ (build) twenty years ago needs repairing.8. If _ (give) more time, we could do it better.frightenedbrokenbuiltgiven1Most of the artists _ to the party were f
37、rom South Africa Ainvited Bto invited Cbeing invited Dhas been invited 2Unless _ to speak， you should remain silent at the conference Ainvited Binviting Cbeing invited Dhaving invited 高考链接3When _，the museum will be open to the public next year Acompleted Bcompleting Cbeing completed Dto be completed
38、 4If _ the same treatment again，he is sure to get well Agiving Bgive Cgiven Dbeing given 5_ in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States ABeing founded BIt was founded CFounded DFounding Homework:1. Rewrite the phrases on your exercise-books.2. Preview the passage on P22 and fill the chart on P23.
