E英语教程Unit4课堂PPT

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1、Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express1Listening and speakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressContent2Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresslPronunciation and listening skills lConversationslPassageListening and s

2、peaking3Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressFocusing on time informationThe pronunciations of the words in brackets are difficult to distinguish. Listen carefully and check () the words you hear.Tips推算事件发生的时间是听力中常见的一种考题。遇到这样的题目切忌听到哪个时间就选哪个。听录音时最好把听到的时间和相关的

3、关键词记下来以便听到问题后进行简单的运算。1 A 5:00 B 5:03 C 5:452 A 9:00 B 9:30 C 9:203 A 10:00 B 8:00 C 9:004 A 7:50 B 7:15 C 8:155 A 5:15 B 5:30 C 5:456 A 10:00 B 10:30 C 9:304Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressFocusing on time informationScripts1W: Please hurry up, its alr

4、eady five. Three quarters later my train is leaving.M: Dont worry, Madam. Ill get you there in time.Q: When is the train leaving?2W: Its nine already. Why doesnt the meeting start?M: Well, the secretary says it is delayed 30 minutes.Q: When will the meeting begin?3M: Could you give me some informati

5、on about buses for Washington, please?W: They leave every hour. You just missed the nine oclock bus.Q: When is the next bus leaving?5Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressFocusing on time informationScripts4M: Say, what time is it? Is it really only seven-fi

6、fteen? My watch says eight-fifteen.W: You forgot to set your watch back.Q: What time is it now?5M: Whats the time to leave?W: Half past five. That only leaves us 15 minutes to get to the airport.Q: When does the conversation take place?6M: Its 10 oclock now. I wonder when Jack will come here.W: Just

7、 now, I got a call and his wife said he left home 30 minutes ago.Q: When did Jack leave home?6Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressTips英语时间通常用以下两种方法表达：1. 直接表达法 1) 用基数词 + oclock来表示整点，注意oclock须用单数，可以省略。 如：eight (oclock) (8:00)。 2) 用基数词按“钟点 + 分钟”的顺序直接写出时间，表示非整

8、点。如：eight five (8:05)，eight forty (8:40)。2. 间接表达法 1) 如果分钟数少于30，可用“分钟 + past + 钟点”表示，其中past是介词，意思是“过”。如：twenty past four (4:20)。Focusing on time information7Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressTips2) 如果所表示时间的分钟数多于 30，可用“（60分钟 - 分钟数）+ to +（原钟点数 + 1）”表示，其中 to

9、 是介词，意思是“差”。如：twenty-five to nine (8:35)。注：1) 当分钟数是 15 时，可用名词 quarter （一刻钟）表示。如：a quarter past eight (8:15)。2) 当分钟数是 30 时，可用名词 half （一半）表示。如：half past nine (9:30)。Focusing on time information8Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressConversationslConversation 1

10、lConversation 2Functional languageExercisesExercisesFunctional language9Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express1.1. Listen to a conversation and match the students in Column A with where they come from in Column B.Word tipsplastic adj. 塑料(制)的reusable adj. 可重复

11、使用的fuss n. 小题大做；大惊小怪biodegradable adj. 可生物降解的Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities10Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express1.1. Listen to a conversation and match the students in Column A with where they come from in Column B.Conversation 1 - Talkin

12、g About Responsibilities2 According to the conversation, what should Tommy do?A Take a new bag every time he buys something.B Degrade the plastic bags.C Bring his own bag every time he goes shopping.1 What is Tommys attitude to environmental protection?A Indifferent. B Worried. C Not mentioned.11Lis

13、tening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express2.2. Listen again and complete the following conversation with what you hear.3 Im _ bring my own bag every time I go shopping? 1 Oh, but I _ take reusable bags every time.2 It is such a waste and _ for the environment!hate

14、to badsupposed toConversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities12Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressScriptsConversation 1 - Talking About ResponsibilitiesAmy: Tommy, you are using too many plastic bags!Tommy: Oh, but I hate to take reusable bags every ti

15、me.Amy: So you take a new bag every time you buy something?Tommy:Whats wrong about that?Amy: It is such a waste and bad for the environment!Tommy: Dont make a fuss, Amy! Its not that serious!Amy: It is very serious! Its very harmful to the environment. You know, plastic bags arent biodegradable.Amy:

16、 Im supposed to bring my own bag every time I go shopping?Tommy: You got it! Its everyones duty to protect the environment.13Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express3.3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may re

17、fer to the Functional Language.Situation 1A is asking B about the duties of being a member of the English Club.Situation 2A is asking B about the duties of being a member of the university chorus (合唱团).(Sample)(Sample)Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities14Listening and Listening and speak

18、ingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express3.3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language.GUIDED CONVERSATIONA: Greet B and ask for the permission (许可) to join the English Club/university chorus.B: Show welcome.A: Ask

19、 about the things you have to do.B: Tell A his/her duties.A: Ask if there are other things you have to do.B: Give answers.A: Show thanks.Conversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities15Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressRole play - Sample conversationSit

20、uation 1Conversation 1 - Talking About ResponsibilitiesLiz: Hello, Mike. Im wondering if I could join the English Club.Brown:Sure. All the students who are interested in English are welcome to join it.Mike: What should I do if I join the club?Brown:As a member, you are required to take part in the a

21、ctivities organized by the English Club.Liz: I see. Anything else?Mike: Its your duty to attend the meetings held by the Club.Ann:OK, I got it. Thank you!16Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressRole play - Sample conversationSituation 2Conversation 1 - Talki

22、ng About ResponsibilitiesChelsea: Hi, there!Lily: Hi, Chelsea!Chelsea: I am thinking about joining the university chorus. Im not sure if I am qualified.Lily: Of course you are. You are such a good singer. Youre more than welcome to join us.Chelsea: Could you please tell me the duties of being a chor

23、us member?Lily: Sure. It is our responsibility to be on time for rehearsals and performances.Chelsea: Yes, what else?Lily: The members must follow the rules of the chorus.Chelsea: OK. Many thanks!17Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressFunctional LanguageTal

24、king About ResponsibilitiesI am supposed toYou ought to / shouldIt is our responsibility / duty toI think you mustWere required toConversation 1 - Talking About Responsibilities18Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express1.1. Listen to a conversation and decide

25、whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).Word tipscharity n. 慈善事业funds n. (pl.) 资金remote adj. 偏远的worthwhile adj. 值得的do ones bit 尽自己的一份力量optional course 选修课rehearsal n. 排练Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities19Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWriti

26、ngCulture express3.Mary and John agree with each other that charity work is meaningful.1.1. Listen to a conversation and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).TF4.John has to take part in the rehearsal every other evening.Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities1.T

27、he show mentioned by Mary is a contest organized by the Students Union.F2.The purpose of the charity show is to make children have fun.F20Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express2.2. Listen again and complete the following conversation with what you hear.1.Hi,

28、 John, therell be a charity show next weekend. Are you _ coming?2.Its a concert organized by the Students Union. Its _ is to raise funds for the children in remote areas.interested in purpose Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities3.Yes, I think were all supposed to help those _. So, would y

29、ou like to join us?in need4.I dont think you have to. You can practice _; but I think you must take part in the final rehearsal.on your own21Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressScriptsConversation 2 - Talking About ResponsibilitiesMary: Hi, John, therell b

30、e a charity show next weekend. Are you interested in coming?John:What kind of charity show?Mary:Its a concert organized by the Students Union. Its purpose is to raise funds for the children in remote areas.John: It sounds like youre doing something worthwhile!Mary:Yes, I think were all supposed to h

31、elp those in need. So, would you like to join us?John: Of course. I ought to do my bit and contribute to society. But, Mary, have I got to practice very often? I have an optional course every other evening.Mary:I dont think you have to. You can practice on your own; but I think you must take part in

32、 the final rehearsal.22Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express3.3. Role-play a conversation in groups of three according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language.Situation 1A is going to take part in volunteer teaching in w

33、est China. He/She is asking B to describe what he/she has to do.Situation 2A is going to help B hold an art show. He/She is asking B to describe what he/she has to do.(Sample)(Sample)Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities23Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCul

34、ture express3.3. Role-play a conversation in groups of three according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language.GUIDED CONVERSATIONA: Greet B and ask if he / she has any time.B: Say yes.A: Ask what you have to do when doing volunteer teaching / in the art show.B:

35、Tell A what he / she has to do.A: Ask if there are other things you have to do.B: Give a reply.A: Show your understanding and determination of doing it well.Conversation 2 - Talking About Responsibilities24Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressRole play - Sa

36、mple conversationSituation 1Conversation 2 - Talking About ResponsibilitiesJohn:Hi, Henry! Are you available right now? Can I speak to you for a minute?Henry: Sure.John:I know you took part in volunteer teaching in west China last year. I have just signed up for it. Could you give me some ideas abou

37、t what I have to do when volunteering?Henry: Of course. Its my pleasure. You will teach those primary school students in west China English.John:Are there anything else I have to do?Henry: I think the most important thing is to give encouragement to those students.John:I agree. I will try my best to

38、 do this volunteer work well.25Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressRole play - Sample conversationSituation 2Conversation 2 - Talking About ResponsibilitiesJerry: Hi, Tom. Can I talk to you for a minute?Tom:Certainly.Jerry: Since you are more experienced,

39、could you please tell me what I have to do for the art show?Tom:I am afraid that you should help me to select from my works the ones suitable for the theme of this show.JerryDo I have to work on the layout of the works for the show?Tom:Yes. That will be very helpful. It will make my show more attrac

40、tive.Jerry: OK. I will try my best.26Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressFunctional LanguageConversation 2 - Talking About ResponsibilitiesTalking About ResponsibilitiesDo I really need/have to.?Have I got to.?I think youre expected to.I dont think you hav

41、e to.Im afraid that you have to.27Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express1.1. Listen to a passage and complete the following table with what you hear.PassageColumn AColumn BSeptember 22, 19982001June 5thcalling on Beijgers not to usecarsstarting the first Car

42、 Free Day in Francestarting the first Car Free Day in Chengdu28Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage1 The first Car Free Day in the world was started in _.A every dayB one day a weekC one day a month2. Listen again and choose the best way to complete

43、 each of the following2 In Beijing, drivers are asked to go to work on foot or by bike _.A America B France C BeijingBC3 The best title for this passage can be _.A The Origin of Car Free DayB Ways to Protect the EnvironmentC World Car Free DayC29Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGra

44、mmarWritingCulture expressScriptsPassage World Car Free Day was first started by over 30 cities in France on September 22, 1998. It was started to protect the environment. By now, more than 1,000 cities around the world have had a Car Free Day. The first Car Free Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001.

45、 Other cities including Taipei, Shanghai, and Wuhan, also support the day. In Beijing, more and more people are joining the campaign. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day every month, and to walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5th (the

46、World Environment Day). The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.” So far, more than 200,000 drivers have shown their support. They say, “We cant control the weather, but we can choose not to drive. We must do more for Car Free Day.”30Listening and List

47、ening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage3.3. Talk about the ways youre practicing to protect the environment. The following may be helpful.saving water / paperclassifying garbagerecycling garbageplanting treesno littering (乱扔垃圾)riding bicycles instead of driving cars(Sam

48、ple)The environment is very important to all of us. There are many ways to protect it. This includes saving energy and resources, planting trees, classifying garbage, and so on. What I am doing to protect the environment is to save water and paper in daily life, and to plant trees. My friends and I

49、go to plant trees every spring and we really enjoy doing that. 31Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresslPassage AlPassage BIs there life on Earth?Vienna Vegetable OrchestraReading32Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expr

50、essIs there life on Earth?lLead-inlText studylExercisesPassage A33Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Is there life on earthLead-inlExtended readinglPre-reading activitylVideo appreciation34Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGramm

51、arWritingCulture expressLead-in- Video appreciationPassage A Is there life on earth35Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express火星上有生命吗？有人吗？火星上有生命吗？有人吗？ 据国外媒体报道，美国宇航局的火星轨道探测器以及火星车正在寻找有关火星生命的痕迹，目前科学家已经发现在数十亿年前，火星曾拥有潮湿的环境，很有可能存在生命，我们要做的就是找出它们留下的证据。地球上的生命具有非常顽强的生存能力

52、，过去数十年，研究人员已经在诸多恶劣的环境中发现不可思议的微生物，比如冰川内部、深海热液喷口、地下深处等，这些被认为几乎不可能有生命存在的地方都发现了生命，甚至是核反应堆中也有可适应极端环境的生命存在，这些情况都暗示火星可能还存在生命。地球生命与火星生命之间是否存在关联呢？科学家已经发现许多证据显示火星曾经拥有温暖的世界，有河流、湖泊,Lead-in- Extended readingPassage A Is there life on earth36Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture

53、 express和海洋，火星可能存在地下水，有研究指出，火星生命与地球生命属于太阳系中两个完全不同的生命分支，如果我们发现火星生命，那么在外形等特征上可能与地球生命完全无关，这也暗示了生命可以出现在任何一个适宜的星球上，宇宙中几乎任何一个具备条件的行星都可能演化出生命。另一种理论认为火星生命与地球生命是同源的，两颗行星的生命拥有同一祖先，显然该理论暗示了地球生命可能来源于数十亿年前的火星，即便火星没有演化出高级文明，那么低等生物也可能通过陨石来到地球，这些空间碎片可以在太阳系内侧的某个轨道上运行，并重新被另一颗行星引力场捕获，进入另一个星球的环境中。如果这一假说得到证实，那么地球生命可能就起源

54、于火星，火星拥有潮湿环境的时期比地球更早。Lead-in- Extended readingPassage A Is there life on earth37Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express对此，有研究认为火星生命无法在恶劣的宇宙环境中幸存下来，这一观点并没有获得足够的支持，因此我们已经发现可以忍受低温、强辐射环境的生命，顽强的微生物可以在陨石中休眠保存，在一个新的环境中复苏。也有研究提出地球生命或源于太阳系之外，当太阳系围绕银河系运行时，穿过了一些星际气体团或者碎

55、片群，由此引入了生命种子，该假说暗示银河系生命可能更加普遍，无论是哪种情况，对火星生命的探索都将给我们带来惊喜。Lead-in- Extended readingPassage A Is there life on earth38Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPre-reading activityPassage A Is there life on earth1.1. Match the following expressions with the picture

56、s below.A white pollution B waste waterC soil pollution D smogDBAC39Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPre-reading activityPassage A Is there life on earth2.2. Try to imagine what the world would be like in 100 years if the problems above were not solved.

57、40Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressText studylOrganization of the textlLanguage pointslText readingPassage A Is there life on earth41Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage AIs there life on Earth1.There w

58、as great excitement on Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to launch a satellite in orbit around the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.2.The satellite was directed over an area known as Manhattan-named after the great Ven

59、usian astronomer Professor Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago. Because of excellent weather conditions and strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the possibility of landing a manned flying saucer on Earth. A press con

60、ference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology._42Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express3.We have come to the conclusion, based on the satellite findings, Professor Zog said. There is no life on Earth.4.How do you know this? the science reporter for t

61、he Venus Evening Star asked.5. For one thing, Earths surface is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.6. What does this mean as far as our flying

62、saucer program is concerned?“7. We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than we have planned.“_Passage A_43Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express8.Are there any other difficulties that you have discovered in you

63、r studies?9. Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud over the surface of Earth? We dont know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble; and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venusian there.10. Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but

64、 the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer._Passage A_44Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A11.Sir, what are al

65、l those tiny black spots on the photographs?12.Were not certain. They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They give off gases, make noise, and keep crashing into each other. There are so many of these paths and so many metal particles that they are quite likely to get smashed w

66、hen we land a flying saucer.13.What are those pointed objects sticking up?”14.They are tall buildings that give off light at night. Professor Glom has named them skyscrapers since they seem to be scraping the skies._45Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPa

67、ssage A15.you say is true, wont this set back the flying saucer program several years?16.Yes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstake gives us the added funds.”17.If all Professor Zog, why are we spending billions and billions of Venusian dollars to land a flying saucer on Earth when there is

68、no life there?”18.Because if we Venusians can learn to breathe in the Earths atmosphere, then we can surely live anywhere in the universe._46Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressOrganization of the textPart I (Para. _)Part II (Para. _)1-23-14 The satellite

69、landed on Earth has been sending back signals and photographs.Venusian scientists have come to the conclusion that the Earth is unfit for them to live. Passage A Is there life on earthPart III (Para. _)14-18The Venusian scientists are determined to proceed with the exploration of the planet Earth. S

70、tructure47Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.(Line 3, Para. 1)之后，卫星便不断地发回信号和照片。 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）has been doing 是现在完成进行时，其构成为：主语+助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分。表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现

71、在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。（与since，for连用时，常常表示动作会进行下去）I have been learning English since three years ago.Passage A Is there life on earth48Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe satellite was directed over an area known as Manhattannamed after the great Venusia

72、n astronomer Professor Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago.卫星对准的是一片叫曼哈顿的地区, 这个地区是以金星上伟大的天文学家曼哈顿教授的名字来命名的。两万光年前，曼哈顿教授用望远镜首次发现了这个地区。direct sth. at / toward sth.:机器将X光射线对准了病人的身体。The machine directs an X-ray beam at the patients body.把某物对准某物(Line 1, Para. 2)Passa

73、ge A Is there life on earth49Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressname sb./sth. after sb./sth.:他被冠以他爷爷的名字起了名。He was named after his grandfather.以某人/某物的名字给某人/某物命名Passage A Is there life on earthwho first discovered it 20,000 light years ago 是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Pr

74、ofessor Manhattan。The satellite was directed over an area known as Manhattannamed after the great Venusian astronomer Professor Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago.(Line 1, Para. 2)50Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture exp

75、ressVenusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the possibility of landing a manned flying saucer on Earth.(Line 6, Para. 2)金星科学家们得以获得了有关载人飞碟能否在地球上着陆的宝贵资料。关于哪些学生获得奖学金的决定应当尽快做出。Decisions as to which students receive scholarship should be made quickly.concerning:关于对于这个短语是从哪来的，有两种说法

76、。There are two thoughts as to where this saying came from.Passage A Is there life on earthas to:51Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express年轻人拥有一套大房子的可能性通常是极其渺茫的。The possibility of owning a large house for young people is usually rare.做某事情的可能性Passage A Is there

77、 life on earththe possibility of doing sth.:man: v. to work at, use, or operate a system, piece of equipment, etc. 在（某系统、设备等上）工作；使用，操纵（某系统、设备等）。manned 在这里是过去分词作定语，修饰flying saucer。Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the possibility of landing a manned flying saucer on Eart

78、h.(Line 6, Para. 2)52Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express“We have come to the conclusion, based on the satellite findings,” Professor Zog said. “There is no life on Earth.”(Line 1, Para. 3)“根据卫星上的发现，我们已经得出结论，”佐格教授说，“地球上没有生命。”be based on / upon sth:我们的关心应当以

79、尊重和信任为基础。Our relationship should be based on respect and trust.以某物为基础。Passage A Is there life on earth53Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressFor one thing, Earths surface is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. (Line 1, Para. 5)首先，地球表面由坚固的

80、混凝土构成，什么东西也无法在那里生长。for one thing for another:我不想买这栋房子。一方面太小，另一方面价格太高。I dont want to buy this house. For one thing, it is too small; for another, the price of it is too high.一个原因是，另一个原因是Passage A Is there life on earth54Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressF

81、or another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.(Line 2, Para. 5)另外，大气中充满了一氧化碳和其他致命的气体，任何人呼吸了这种空气都不可能幸存下来。be filled with:如果你嘴里满是食物的话怎么唱歌？How can you sing if your mouth is filled with food?to be full of 被充满Passage

82、 A Is there life on earth珍的眼睛里充满泪水。Janes eyes were filled with tears.55Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressWe dont know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble.(Line 2, Para. 9)我们还不知道它是由什么形成的，但是它会给我们带来许多麻烦。be made of:风筝是纸做的。The kite is ma

83、de of paper.Passage A Is there life on earth由制成。主语为制成品，用于从制成品可直接看出原材料的情况。易与之混用的一个词组为be made from，其意思也是“由制成”，但是用在从制成品看不出原材料是什么的情况。e.g. Butter is made from milk（黄油是用牛奶制成的。）56Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressOver here you will notice what seems to be a riv

84、er, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink.(Line 1, Para. 10)这边，诸位可以看到像是一条河的东西，不过卫星探测的结果表明它已被污染，不适于饮用。be unfit to do sth.: 不适合做某事这场病使她身体不适合飞行。The disease has left her medically unfit to fly. Passage A Is there life on earth57Listening and Listening and spe

85、akingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThis means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer.(Line 4, Para. 10)这意味着我们将不得不自己带水，这就会给飞碟增加更多的重量。add sth. to sth.: to put sth. with another thing 为某物增添某种东西我们可以将销售税摊到这些产品的价格上。We can add sales tax to the p

86、rice of these products.Passage A Is there life on earth58Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresseven: adv. used for emphasizing that although sth. is big, good, bad, etc., sth. else is bigger,better, worse, etc. 更加；愈加。用来修饰形容词比较级。昨天天气就冷，今天更冷了。It was cold yeste

87、rday, but its even colder today.Passage A Is there life on earthThis means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer.(Line 4, Para. 10)59Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThere are so many of these paths and s

88、o many metal prticles that they are quite likely to get smashed when we land a flying saucer.(Line 3, Para. 12)那里有很多这样的通道，很多这样的金属微粒，飞碟在那里着陆的话，很可能把那些金属微粒撞毁。在“get smashed”这个短语中，get 作始动性连系动词，与多数都已形容词化了的过去分词连用，构成系表结构，表示状态的变化和动作的结果。别被雨淋到。Dont get caught in the rain.Passage A Is there life on earth60Liste

89、ning and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressWhat are those pointed objects sticking up?(Line 1, Para. 13)那些笔直竖立的凸出物是什么？stick (sth.) in / up / through: 把（某物）伸进/伸上/伸入当护士将针头扎向他的胳膊时，他把脸转向了一边。He looked away as the nurse stuck the needle in his arm.常用词组： stick to 坚持，不放弃 stic

90、k by sb 继续支持并忠于某人 stick on sth 把某物固定在Passage A Is there life on earth61Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressYes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstake gives us the added funds.(Line 1, Para. 16)是的，但是一旦创业基金组织给我们追加资金，我们就会接着推进这一计划。as soon as: 一就 ；一经我们一

91、到酒店就给你弄点东西吃好么?Well get you something as soon as we get to the hotel.Passage A Is there life on earth62Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresslaunch(Line 2, Para. 1)该机构将于下月发射一颗新的气象卫星。The agency will launch a new weather satellite next month.vt. to send a weapo

92、n or a space vehicle into the sky or into space 发射；开展（活动、计划等）警方已对该事件展开调查。The police have launched an investigation into the incident.Passage A Is there life on earth63Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresssignal(Line 4, Para. 1)我们等待着他们发出行动的信号。We waited for t

93、hem to give us the signal to move.n. a sound, action, or event that gives information or tells sb. to do sth. 信号；暗号Passage A Is there life on earth64Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressastronomer(Line 2, Para. 2)祖冲之是中国古代有名的天文学家。Zu Chongzhi was a famous ast

94、ronomer of the ancient China.n. a physicist who studies astronomy天文学者，天文学家派生词：astronomy n. 天文学家 astronomical adj. 天文学的；极大的 astronaut n.宇航员Passage A Is there life on earth65Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresspossibility(Line 7, Para. 2)One possibility for

95、the weekend is to rent a car and go tothe beach.周末有可能租一辆汽车去海边。n. the chance that sth. might happen or be true 可能；可能性Passage A Is there life on earth66Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresspress conference(Line 8, Para. 2)As a government officer, you have to

96、pick your words at a press conference.作为一名政府官员，你必须在新闻发布会上谨慎措词。a conference at which press and tv reporters ask questions of a politician or other celebrity 记者招待会Passage A Is there life on earth67Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressfindings(Line 2, Para. 3)

97、The findings show a high level of heart disease among old people.这些研究结果显示出了老年人中高发的心脏疾病。n. (pl.) information that sb. Has learned as a result of studies, work, etc. 研究结果；发现Passage A Is there life on earth68Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresssolid(Line 1, P

98、ara. 5)Solids turn to liquids at certain temperatures.固体在一定的温度下会变为液体。天气如此寒冷，湖面冻得很结实。It is so cold that the lake is frozen solid.n. a substance that is solid at room temperature and pressure固体；立体图形；立方体adj. firm and hard 固体的；实心的；结实的Passage A Is there life on earth69Listening and Listening and speaking

99、speakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressatmosphere(Line 3, Para. 5)These gases pollute the atmosphere of towns and cities.这些气体污染了城镇的空气。n. the layer of air or other gases around it 大气After Joe left, there was a more relaxed atmosphere athome.乔离开后，家里的氛围轻松多了。Passage A Is there life on earthn. the f

100、eeling that an event, situation, or place gives you 气氛70Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressbreathe(Line 4, Para. 5)People are worrying about the quality of the air they breathe.人们对于呼吸空气的质量表示担心。 v. to take air into your lungs and send it out again 呼吸Passag

101、e A Is there life on earthHe held her so tightly she could hardly breathe. 他紧紧地抱住她，使她几乎透不过气来。71Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresssurvive(Line 5, Para. 5)She prayed every night that her husband would survivethe war.她每天晚上祈祷丈夫能在战争中幸免于难。v. to continue to liv

102、e after an accident, illness, etc. 幸存；活过来Most women will survive their spouses.大多数女性都比配偶长寿。vt. live longer than 比活得长Passage A Is there life on earth72Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressdiscover(Line 1, Para. 8)She discovered that theyd escaped.她发现他们已经逃跑了。

103、vt. to find someone or something, either by accident or because you were looking for them 发现；碰见；撞见In the 19th century, gold was discovered in California.19 世纪时，在加利福尼亚发现了金子。Passage A Is there life on earth73Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressindicate(Line

104、2, Para. 10)Reports from hospitals indicated that over13 people died in the storm.医院的报告表明超过13人在风暴中丧生。v. to show that sth. exists or is likely to be true 表明；表示Test results will indicate whether the treatment was successful.测试结果将表明这种治疗是否成功。 Passage A Is there life on earth74Listening and Listening and

105、 speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresspollute(Line 2, Para. 10)我们应该采取措施阻止环境污染。We should take measures to stop polluting the environment.vt. to make air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use污染；玷污，亵渎派生词：pollutant n. 污染物 pollution n. 污染；玷污，亵渎 Passage A Is

106、there life on earth75Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressspot(Line 1, Para. 11)She wears a white skirt with blue spots.她穿一件白底蓝点儿的裙子。n. a small round area on a surface, that is a different color from the rest 斑点；（圆）点We spotted her easily in the crowd becaus

107、e she wears abright-colored jacket.我们在人群中很容易认出她，因为她穿了一件鲜艳的夹克。Passage A Is there life on earthv. to notice or recognize sb. or sth. that is difficult to see 发现76Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresscrash(Line 3, Para. 12)Suddenly, a baseball crashed through

108、our living-room window.突然间，一个棒球从我们客厅的窗户撞进来。v. to hit sth. hard, causing a lot of damage or making a loud noise 猛撞；撞击On his way to the party, Cliff crashed his car.在去聚会的路上，克里夫撞车了。Passage A Is there life on earthv. to have an accident in which a car, airplane, etc. hits sth. 撞车；（飞机）坠毁77Listening and L

109、istening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresssmash(Line 5, Para. 12)The vase fell and smashed into a lot of small pieces.花瓶掉了下来，摔得粉碎。vt. to hit an object or surface violently 撞击；猛扣（球等）He smashed his fist into Tonys face.他一拳打在了东尼脸上。v. to break into many small pieces in a forceful

110、way, or to make sth. do this by dropping, throwing, or hitting it 打破；打碎Passage A Is there life on earth78Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressscrape(Line 3, Para. 14)The side of the car scraped against the wall.车的侧面蹭到了墙上。v. to rub against a rough surface in

111、 a way that causes slight damage or injury, or to make sth. do this （使）刮擦Passage A Is there life on earth79Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressproceed(Line 1, Para. 16)The council is proceeding with its plan to move the stadium. v. to continue to do sth. t

112、hat has already been planned or started 继续进行；接着做理事会正在继续实行其搬迁体育场的计划。Passage A Is there life on earthThe project has proceeded very far since the last discussion.自从上次讨论以后，项目进展非常迅速。80Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A ExerciseslVocabulary & Structu

113、relTranslationlComprehension81Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Comprehension1.1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.The satellite launched by Venusian scientists hasnt sent back signals of the Earth.2.The Manha

114、ttan area was named after an astronomer3.According to Professor Zog, there is no life on EarthFTT82Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Comprehension1.1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).4.The photographs show that

115、 the Earths atmosphere is seriously polluted5.The flying saucer program will be ceased according to the findingsTF83Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Comprehension2.2. Complete the following table.Earths surfaceA river on earthEarths atmosphere

116、There is no life on Earth.solidunfitdeadlyCompsed of 1)_, nothing can grow therebeing polluted and the water is 2) _ to drinkbeing filled with CO and other 3)_ gases, nobody could breathe it84Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Comprehension1.1.

117、Complete the following sentences with proper prepositions or adverbs.1. Are there any living things _ the planet Mars?2. We named the baby Henry _ his grandfather.3. This university is composed _ 17 colleges and one graduate school.4. The Moon does not give _ light by itself.5. There are many stars

118、_ the universe.onafterofoffin85Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Vocabulary and structure2.2. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary.1. The concrete stayed as _ as a rock.2. Fog is the sailors

119、_ enemy.3. We _ straight into the car ahead of us.4. Please relax and _ deeply.5. Only one person _ the earthquake.breathesurvivecrashdeadlybreathecrashed6. Jenny has a white dog with black _ on its nose.survivedspotsdeadlysolidspotsolid86Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWri

120、tingCulture expressPassage A Vocabulary and structure1. Lang Lang, the famous_, once performed in the White House in the U.S.A.2. The _ gathered materials for his latest novel.3. Albert Einstein is a great _, best known for his Theory of Relativity (相对论).4. The _ is interested in the workings of the

121、 economy as a whole.5. The _ has some students who are talented in painting.arteconomyphysicspianonovelpianistnovelisteconomistartistphysicist3.3. Add the suffix “-ist” to the words given below. Then complete the following sentences with the words thus formed.87Listening and Listening and speakingsp

122、eakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Vocabulary and structureSample1: We Venusians can learn to breathe in the Earths atmosphere. Then we can surely live anywhere in the universe. Sample 2: You are lucky. You get the prize.If you are lucky, you will get the prize.4.4. Combine the foll

123、owing sentences using the structure “If”.If we Venusians can learn to breathe in theEarths atmosphere, then we can surely live anywhere in the universe.88Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Vocabulary and structure1. If I get the job, _.4.4. Comp

124、lete the following sentences using “if ”.Ill go to New York2. _, I will stay at home.3. If you cant open the box, _.4._, he will attend the concert.5. If we must finish this task today, _.If it rainsIll take it awayIf he has time well stay up late89Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReading

125、GrammarWritingCulture expressPassage A Translation1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.For the first time Venusian scientists managed to launch a satellite in orbit around the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.2. What does this mean a

126、s far as our flying saucer program is concerned?金星上的科学家首次把卫星成功送入环绕地球的轨道，之后，卫星就不断地发回信号和照片。就我们的飞碟计划而言，这意味着什么呢？_90Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express2.2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English with the help of the words or phrases given in br

127、ackets.Passage A Translation1.工厂散发出难闻的气味。(give off)The factory _.2.经费的减少使这个研究项目延迟了好几年。(set back) The spending cuts _.3.研究表明女性的寿命要比男性长。(indicate) _ women live longer than men.gives off a terrible smellset back the project for several yearsThe study indicates (that)91Listening and Listening and speaki

128、ngspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresslLead-inlText studylExercisesPassage BVienna Vegetable Orchestra92Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Vienna Vegetable OrchestraLead-inlVienna Vegetable OrchestralVideo appreciationlPre-reading activi

129、ty93Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPre-reading1.1. Put the following words under the corresponding pictures.guitarflutedrumbellviolin1._2._3._4._5._Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra94Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWriting

130、Culture expressPre-reading2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1) Do you play musical ( 音乐的) instruments? 2) Have you ever tried to make one by yourself?Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra95Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressVienna Veget

131、able OrchestraThe Vegetable Orchestra was founded in 1998. Based in Vienna, the Vegetable Orchestra plays concerts in all over the world. Worldwide one of a kind, the Vegetable Orchestra performs on instruments made of fresh vegetables. The utilization of various ever refined vegetable instruments c

132、reates a musically and aesthetically unique sound universe.The Vegetable Orchestra has been playing with its food for 15 years, delighting audiences from Belfast to Hong Kong with its self-made cucumberphones, celery bongos, pepper trumpets and leek violins.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra96List

133、ening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressVienna Vegetable OrchestraDrawing inspiration from electronic music artists such as Germanys Kraftwerk or John Cage, the dozen musicians from Vienna carve and chop their own instruments to create a truly organic sound.Passag

134、e B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra97Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressLead-in- Video appreciationPassage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra98Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressQuestions about video clip1.Can you name so

135、me other interesting ways people play music?2.Which one is your favorite and why?Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra99Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressText studylLanguage pointslText readingPassage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra100Listening and Listening

136、 and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express1.Has your mom or dad ever told you to stop playing with your food? No one says that to members of the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra. Theyre serious about playing with their food. They make music by playing instruments made from fresh vegetables.

137、 2.This orchestra was founded in 1998. Its excellent musicians are not musicians by trade. “We all have musical experience in different projects, but none of us have finished classical musical training,” said Ernst Reitermaier, one of the group members. “In fact, group members have other careers tha

138、t include medicine, sound engineering, computing, and art.”Vienna Vegetable Orchestra_Passage B101Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express3.Members of the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra are known for trying new ideas. They create and carve their own instruments ju

139、st before each performance. Their creative vegetable instruments include carrot flutes, pumpkin bass drums, pepper bells, leek violins, just to name a few. Vegetable instruments sound best when theyre fresh. “You cant play on a rotten cucumber,” one group member said.4.Piringer, another group member

140、, estimates that they need about 70 kilograms (about 155 pounds) of fresh vegetables for each concert. The vegetables are prepared just as your mom or dad would at home, with a basic kitchen knife, though sometimes the musicians use a hand drill. But you wouldnt find these special vegetable instrume

141、nts on your dinner plate._Passage B_102Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express5.The simplest instrument is a plain tomato, which can be pressed flat and squeezed together to make a special musical sound. More complicated instruments include the cucumber-phone

142、. Made from a hollowed-out cucumber with finger holes, this unique instrument has a mouthpiece made of a carrot, and a pepper on the end.6.Its hard to imagine that instruments made of vegetables could really make music, but they do. They make sounds that cant be easily produced by other instruments.

143、 Sometimes they sound like animals. At other times, the vegetables make abstract soundswhirrs, clicks, and beeps that sound like music of the future._Passage B_103Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express7.Audiences all over Europe come to hear the “veggies” pl

144、ay. The orchestra tours in Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. They have two CDs, and theyre also experimenting with a video.8.According to Ernst, the groups music is contemporary: “Our program automates sounds like electronic music,” he said. “Onion skins are the key. We use t

145、hem for that digital, funny sound,” said Nikolaus, another group member.9.What happens to all those vegetables when the show is over? The veggies employ a cook. At the end of the show, the cook makes a delicious soup that the audience and musicians enjoy together. Its the perfect ending to an entert

146、aining performance._Passage B 104Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressTheyre serious about playing with their food. (Line 3, Para. 1)他们认真地玩弄食物。 be serious about doing sth: 对做某事是认真的，不开玩笑的 我姐姐真的要辞职。My sister is serious about giving up her job. play with: 玩弄；摆

147、弄；以为消遣小的时候我喜欢玩玩具娃娃。I liked to play with dolls when I was little.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra105Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThis orchestra was founded in 1998.(Line 1, Para. 2)维也纳蔬菜乐队成立于1998 年。found: v. to start sth. such as a company, schoo

148、l, etc. by providing the money 创立（公司，学校等）, found 的过去式和过去分词为founded。应注意将found（创立）和find（寻找）的过去式和过去分词（found）区分开。The three young men founded the company by themselves.三个年轻人自己创立了这家公司。Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra106Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressMem

149、bers of the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra are known for trying new ideas.(Line 1, Para. 3)维也纳蔬菜乐队的成员因勇于尝试新想法而出名。be known for doing sth： to be famous for doing sth. 因为（做）某事而闻名这堵墙因能产生回音而有名。The wall is famous for producing echoes.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra107Listening and Listening and speakings

150、peakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressTheir creative vegetable instruments include carrot flutes, pumpkin bass drums, pepper bells, leek violins, just to name a few. (Line 3, Para. 3)他们富有创造力的蔬菜乐器包括胡萝卜长笛、南瓜低音鼓、灯笼椒铃铛、韭菜小提琴等。just to name a few: 略举几例我喜欢吃水果，比如说苹果、香蕉和桃子。I like fruits, apple, banana,

151、peach, just to name a few.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra108Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe vegetables are prepared just as your mom or dad would at home, (Line 3, Para. 4)他们准备蔬菜乐器时就像你的父母在家里做饭时一样，as: conj. in the way that sb. says or that sth.

152、 Happens: “像一样；同样地”，文中连词as 引导了方式状语从句。这本书在美国被禁，随后的两本也是这样。The book was banned in the U.S., as were two subsequent books.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra109Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe simplest instrument is a plain tomato, which can be pressed

153、 flat and squeezed together to make a special musical sound.(Line 3, Para. 4)最简单的乐器是一个普通的番茄，可压扁挤在一起，产生一种特别的音乐声。which 引导了非限制性定语从句，先行词为tomato。which 在定语从句中作主语，其谓语部分为被动语态，flat为主语补足语。她的头发被染成了棕色，这让她看起来与众不同。Her hair was dyed brown, which makes her looks different.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra110List

154、ening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressMade from a hollowed-out cucumber with finger holes, this unique instrument has a mouthpiece made of a carrot, and a pepper on the end.(Line 4, Para. 5)这种独一无二的乐器是在挖空的黄瓜表面上钻出手指孔，配上胡萝卜做的吹口和灯笼椒做的喇叭而制成的。hollow sth. out: to make

155、a hole or empty space by removing the inside part of sth. 把挖空；使成中空他们在山体挖出一条隧道。 They hollowed out a tunnel through the mountain.hollow-out 在文中伟过去分词作定语，修饰cucumber。Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra111Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe orchestra tours

156、in Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.(Line 2, Para. 7)乐队在比利时、荷兰、瑞典和英国巡回演出。明年春天这个剧目将在几个大城市巡回上演。The play will tour in several big cities in the spring.tour: v. to make a journey by performers or a sports team to perform or play in several different places （剧团的）巡回演出；（运动队的）巡回比赛。Pa

157、ssage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra112Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressAccording to Ernst, the groups music is contemporary(Line 1, Para. 8)恩斯特认为，蔬菜乐队演奏的是当代音乐。According to the police, this girl was attacked by a big dog.according to: as shown by sth. or

158、stated by sb. 据所示；按所说据警方所说，女孩被一只大狗攻击。contemporary music / dance / artcontemporary: adj. belonging to the present time; modern 当代的当代音乐/舞蹈/艺术Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra113Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressorchestra(Line 3, Para. 1)n. a large group

159、 of musicians playing many different kinds of instruments and led by a conductor 管弦乐队他已不在管弦乐队演奏了。He no longer plays in an orchestra.派 生 词 ： orchestral adj.管 弦 乐 队 （ 演 奏 ） 的 orchestration n.管弦乐编曲该管弦乐队将举办一场音乐会来纪念柴可夫斯基的百年诞辰。 The orchestra will hold a concert to mark the centennial of Tchaikovskys birth

160、.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra114Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressinstrument(Line 4, Para. 1)这种乐器发出的声音和小提琴相似。The instrument produces a sound similar to a violin.n. a small tool used in work such as science or medicine乐器学一门乐器能引导孩子了解音乐。Learning a m

161、usical instrument can introduce a child to an understanding of music.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra115Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresstrade(Line 2, Para. 2)他的职业是一名鞋匠。Hes a shoe maker by trade.n. a job or type of work that sb. is trained to do 行业；

162、职业Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra他在十几岁的时候就干了这个行当。Hes took up this trade when he was a teenager.116Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresscareer(Line 6, Para. 2)职业选择可能是一项很艰难的决定。Choosing a career can be a very difficult decision.n. a job or profession that

163、 you have been trained for, and which you do for a long period of your life 生涯；职业Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra她目前正专注于服装设计师的工作。She is now concentrating on a career as a fashion designer.117Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresscarve(Line 2, Para. 3)他在一

164、块老木料上雕出了一尊妻子的雕像。He carved a statue of his wife out of a piece of old wood.v. to make an object by cutting it from a piece of wood or stone 雕；刻Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra卢克打算把这块木头雕刻成烛台。Luke plans to carve the wood into candlesticks.118Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGramma

165、rWritingCulture expressestimate(Line 1, Para. 4)我们估计客户中超过一半是女性。We estimate that over a half of our customers are women.vt. to judge the value, size, etc. of sth. 估计；估量这个数据是最初估算的5倍。This figure is five times the original estimate.n. a calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something 估计，预测；Passa

166、ge B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra119Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressprepare(Line 3, Para. 4)吃饭或准备饭菜前要先洗手。Wash your hands before eating or preparing food.vt. to make a meal or a substance 准备她走到厨房，希望看到有人在准备晚饭。She made her way to the kitchen, hoping to find

167、 someone preparing dinner.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra120Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressdrill(Line 5, Para. 4)他在厨房的墙上钻了个孔。He drilled into the wall of the kitchen.vt.& vi. to make a hole in something using a drill 钻（孔）Passage B Vienna Vegetable

168、 Orchestra该钻机的速度可变。The drill has variable speeds.n. 钻，钻机121Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressplain(Line 1, Para. 5)简单普通的衣服适合做学生服。Plain and simple clothes are appropriate for schoolwear.adj. simple, without anything added or without decoration 普通的；简单的从我遇到

169、玛丽的第一天起，她就清楚地表明她不喜欢我。From the first day I met her, Mary made it plain thatshe didnt like me.adj. very clear, and easy to understand or recognize 清楚的，简单明了的Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra122Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresspress(Line 2, Para. 5)他的手按住

170、了她的双肩。His hands pressed down on both her shoulders.vt. to push sth. firmly against a surface 按；压Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra孩子们正把脸贴在窗户上。Children were pressing their faces against the window.123Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresssqueeze(Line 2, Par

171、a. 5)她挤了一些柠檬汁在鱼上。She squeezed a bit of lemon onto the fish.vt. to press sth. firmly together with your fingers or hands 挤；捏Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra她把一些乳霜挤到手上。She squeezed some cream onto her hands.124Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresscomplica

172、ted(Line 3, Para. 5)人的大脑是一个非常复杂的器官。The human brain is a very complicated organ.adj. made up of many different but connected parts 结构复杂的这首诗内容很复杂我无法理解其含义。The poem is so complicated that I cannot make out its meaning.adj. difficult to understand or deal with, because of the many details or parts involv

173、ed 复杂的；难处理的Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra125Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressabstract(Line 5, Para. 6)美是一个抽象的概念。adj. existing only as an idea or quality rather than as sth. real that you can see or touch 抽象的读读摘要你就知道论文是关于什么的了。You will know what the

174、 paper is about just by reading its abstract.n. a short written statement containing only the most important ideas in a speech, article 摘要Beauty is an abstract concept.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra126Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressaccording to(

175、Line 1, Para. 8)他们必须根据各自律师的意见自行决定。They must take their own decision according to their own legal advicer.as shown by something or stated by someone 根据，按照；据所说价格随订购数量不同而有所变化。Prices vary according to the quantity ordered.in a way that agrees with a system or plan, or obeys a set of rules 取决于；以为转移Passag

176、e B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra127Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressautomate(Line 2, Para. 8)He wanted to use computers to automate the process.v. to change to a system in which jobs are done or goods are produced by machines instead of people 使自动化他想用计算机实

177、现流程自动化。Passage B Vienna Vegetable OrchestraThe assembly process of this product is fully automated.这种产品的装配过程是全自动的。128Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressemploy(Line 2, Para. 9)派生词：派生词：employer n.雇主，老板；雇佣者 employee n.雇工，雇员，职工 employment n.雇用；使用；职业 vt. to pa

178、y sb. to work for you 雇佣3，000余名当地人受从事旅游业。More than 3,000 local workers are employed in the tourism industry.Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra129Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressentertaining(Line 5, Para.9)这一有趣的项目带给我很多乐趣。The entertaining program broug

179、ht me a lot of fun.adj. amusing and interesting 使人愉快的；有趣的Passage B Vienna Vegetable Orchestra该公司制作娱乐性和知识性兼备的节目。 The company produces entertaining and informative programs.130Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B ExerciseslVocabulary & structurelTra

180、nslationlComprehensionlOral work131Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Comprehension1.1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 All the members in the Vienna Vegetable Orchestra have finished classical musical trainin

181、g.2 According to a member of the orchestra, rotten vegetable instruments are as good as fresh ones.3 Some of the musical instruments of the group can be easily made.4 After the performance, the vegetable instruments are usually thrown away.FFTF132Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGr

182、ammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Comprehension2.2. Answer the following questions. 1) What example does the writer give to show that the orchestra members are creative?They create and carve their own instruments just before each performance. Their creative vegetable instruments include carrot fl

183、utes, pumpkin bass drums, pepper bells, leek violins, just to name a few.133Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Comprehension2.2. Answer the following questions. 2) Why does the writer say that the orchestras performance has a perfect ending?The

184、veggies employ a cook. At the end of the show, the cook makes a delicious soup that the audience and musicians enjoy together. The vegetables are really fully used, so its the perfect ending to an entertaining performance.134Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture ex

185、pressPassage B Vocabulary and structure1.1. Cross out () the word in each group that does not belong.pumpkinpepperdrumcucumbercookmusicianartistinstrumentBassfluteviolinvegetablefoodleektomatoonionsoundclickbeepwhirr135Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressP

186、assage B Vocabulary and structure2.2. Correct the underlined words in the following sentences.1 We all have musical experience in different projects, but none of us have finished classic musical training. _2 According to Ernst, the groups music is temporary. _3 Our program automates sounds like elec

187、tric music. _classicalcontemporaryelectronic136Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Vocabulary and structure2.2. Correct the underlined words in the following sentences.4 The veggies employ a cooker to make a delicious soup with the vegetable inst

188、ruments. _5 Its the perfect ending to an entertained performance. _cookentertaining137Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Vocabulary and structure3.3. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary.1 The

189、 children _ snow hard to make snowballs.2 The girl has a(n) _ name which is not easy to remember.3 The factory _ many local workers.employedplainpressedentertainingabstractemployplainpressmusical138Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Vocabulary a

190、nd structure3.3. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary.4 I enjoy the _ sounds of a childs laughter.5 He proposed some _ principles ( 原则) such as justice, freedom, equality, etc.6 I like this program very much because it is really _.entertainingmusi

191、calabstractentertainingabstractemployplainpressmusical139Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Vocabulary and structure4.4. Combine the sentence beginnings in Column A with the endings in Column B to form complete sentences.Column B that such a wea

192、lthy man wears a worn coat. just as it happened. that it would take her four hours to water the garden. though they are poor.Column AThey are quite happy Its hard to imagine I have told the storyThe gardener estimated140Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express

193、Passage B Translation1.1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.Its hard to imagine that instruments made of vegetables could really make music, but they do. _ _2.What happens to all those vegetables when the show is over? _很难想象蔬菜制成的乐器真的能够奏出音乐，但它们确实能够。演出结束后，所有那些蔬菜该如何处理呢？141Listening and L

194、istening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Translation1.我最近总是遇到一些奇怪的事。(happen to)Strange things have been _.2. 他们估计旅游者的人数为170 万。(estimate) _ the number of tourists is 1.7 million.3. 这个游戏对孩子们来说太复杂了。(complicated) _ for children.2.2. Translate the Chinese sentences into

195、English with the help of the words or phrases given in brackets.They estimated (that) This game is too complicatedhappening to me lately142Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressPassage B Oral workWork in groups to talk about the band you like best.The questi

196、ons given below are for your reference.Questions you may ask Which band do you like best? What do you know about this band? How many members are there in this band? When was the band formed? Which piece of music is this band most famous for? What is the musical genre of the band?143Listening and Lis

197、tening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresslThe future simple tense (一般将来时)lExercisesGrammarlThe future-in-the-past tense (过去将来时)144Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe future simple tense (一般将来时一般将来时)Grammar一般将来时表示将来某一时间的动作或状态，通常由“w

198、ill + 动词原形”构成。主要用于以下几种情况：1 表示将来要发生的动作或情况。如： 1) We will meet at the school gate. 2) She will be here at six oclock.2 用在 I think will. 这类句型中，表示看法。如： 1) I think theyll succeed. 2) I suppose they will come back.3 表示提出请求。如： 1) Will you telephone me this evening? 2) Will you type this for me?145Listening

199、and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe future simple tense (一般将来时一般将来时)Grammar4 表示允诺。如： 1) I wont tell anybody what you said. 2) Ill be home in time for supper. 5 表示同意。如： Will you answer him? Yes, I will.表示“将来”的其他结构包括：1 be going to + 动词原形，多用于口语中，常表示打算做某事或即将发生某事。 如：

200、1) Tom is going to get married. 2) Its going to rain soon.2 be about to + 动词原形，表示就要发生的事。 如：The English evening is about to begin. 146Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe future simple tense (一般将来时一般将来时)Grammar 3 be to + 动词原形，表示安排或计划好了的事。 如：1) The boys a

201、re to go to school next week. 2) You are not to smoke in the office.另外，go，come，leave，start 等表示移动的动词，可用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。 如：He is coming to see you tomorrow.147Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe future-in-the-past tense (过去将来时过去将来时)Grammar过去将来时表示从过去某时看将要发

202、生的动作或事件，通常由“would + 动词原形”构成。过去将来时主要有以下几种用法：1 表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或事件。如： 1) It was four oclock. Soon the Sun would come up. 2) She would go to the library when I met her yesterday afternoon. 2 这个时态常用在宾语从句中。如： 1) They thought he would finish the book the next day. 2) She never dreamed the place would be so

203、 beautiful.148Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressThe future-in-the-past tense (过去将来时过去将来时)Grammar除“would + 动词原形”的基本形式外，还可以用 “was / were going to + 动词原形”，“was / were about to + 动词原形”，“was / were to + 动词原形” 等形式表示过去将来。如： 1) She was going to sell her old car

204、and buy a new one. 2) They were about to arrive when it began to snow. 3) I didnt expect that we were to meet 10 years later.149Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressGrammar - Exercises1 I _ (go) back to see my childhood friends in the coming summer vacation

205、.2 Ill be having a meeting. _ you _ (tell) her Ill be back at five if she calls?3 They wanted to know when you _ (finish) the article.4 We expected that you _ (stay) here.5 He was 68. In two years he _ (be) 70.1. 1. Complete the following sentences with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.wil

206、l go / am goingWill tellwould finishwould stay would be150Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressGrammar - Exercises1 I think they _ the house. (will buy / would buy ) 2 He _ to bed when there was a knock at the door. (is going to go / was going to go) 3 I _

207、there, I promise you. (will be / would be) 4 No one _ this building without their permission. (was to leave / is to leave) 5 We _, so there is no time to visit him now. (are about to leave / were about to leave)2. 2. Choose the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to complete the following sentenc

208、es.will buywas going to gowill beis to leaveare about to leave151Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expresslWarm-uplNotesWriting152Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressWriting - Developing a paragraph by processSample O

209、nce you come across a person who has stopped breathing, you should begin immediately to do mouth-to-mouth breathing. First, place the person on his back and remove any foreign matter from his mouth with your fingers. Then tilt (仰头) his head backward, so that his chin is pointing up. Warm-up按过程展开段落是在

210、描述一系列事件或动作时，按事件或动作发生的顺序依次描述，这种写作手法也被称之为过程描写。按过程展开段落需要注意描写过程应按照步骤依次展开。153Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressWriting - Developing a paragraph by processSample Next, pull his mouth open and his jaw forward, pinch (捏) his nostrils (鼻孔) shut to prevent the air

211、 which you blow into his mouth from escaping through his nose. After that, place your mouth tightly over the persons. Blow into his mouth until you see his chest rise. Last, turn your head to the side and listen for the outrush of air which indicates an air exchange.Warm-up按过程展开段落是在描述一系列事件或动作时，按事件或动

212、作发生的顺序依次描述，这种写作手法也被称之为过程描写。按过程展开段落需要注意描写过程应按照步骤依次展开。154Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressNotes按过程展开段落时，常用的连接词如下：lfirst / firstly, in the first place, to begin withlsecond / secondly, in the second place, next, in the next place, then, subsequently (随后),

213、after that las, while, when, at this point, at the same time, once, as soon aslin conclusion, finally, lastly, in the end, the last step此段采用按过程展开段落的方法，描述了给病人进行人工呼吸的过程。用了 first thennextafter thatlast 等连贯性词语，按照先后顺序详细地介绍了进行人工呼吸的五个步骤。Writing - Developing a paragraph by process155Listening and Listening

214、and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressCulture expresslMusical instruments156Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture expressCulture express1 1. . Listen to the following four pieces of musical works in the CD-ROM and then match them with the instrume

215、nts by which they are played.1. Three Stanzas of Plumblossoms 梅花三弄13422. Nostalgia 思乡曲3. Romance of Love 爱的罗曼史4. A Wedding in the Dream梦中的婚礼157Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express2. 2. Have you learned to play any musical instruments? If so, talk about you

216、r experiences. If not, what kind of musical instruments would you like to learn to play? Why?Sample answer 1 Yes, I have learned to play the piano. At first, I felt it extremely complicated and impossible for me to play the piano. I took the advice of my teacher who told me to get familiar with the

217、rhythm of right hand first and then left hand. After I was good at both hands separately, I could play with both of them. Gradually, I can play the piano very well.Culture express158Listening and Listening and speakingspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCulture express2. 2. Have you learned to play any mus

218、ical instruments? If so, talk about your experiences. If not, what kind of musical instruments would you like to learn to play? Why?Sample answer 2Ive never learned to play any kind of musical instruments. Given a chance, I would like to learn the pipa. Because pipa makes various beautiful, sweet an

219、d refreshing sounds. Now more and more people tend to learn western-style musical instruments, and pipa, as one of traditional Chinese musical instruments, is getting less popular these days. I think if I could learn to play the pipa, I might, to some extent, be preserving Chinese culture.Culture express159