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1、0805359213寝室2021/5/211Born:January19,1809)Boston,Massachusetts,U.S.Died:October7,1849)(aged40)Baltimore,Maryland,U.S.Nationality:AmericanSpouse(s):VirginiaElizaClemmPoe2021/5/212EdgarAllanPoewasanAmericanauthor, poet, editor and literary critic,consideredpartoftheAmericanRomantic Movement.Bestknownf
2、orhistales of mystery and the macabre,Poewasoneofthe earliest American practitioners of the short storyandisconsideredthe inventor of the detective fiction genre.Heisfurthercreditedwithcontributingtotheemerginggenreofscience fiction. 2021/5/213 Allan Poe was the first well-known American writer to t
3、ry to earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career. He was orphaned young and was taken in by John and Frances Allan, but they never formally adopted him. He attended the University of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money. His publishin
4、g career began humbly, with an anonymous collection of poems, Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827), credited only to a Bostonian.2021/5/214 Poe was a complex person, tormented and alcoholic yet also considerate and humorous, a good friend, and an affectionate husband. Indeed, his painful life, his neuro
5、tic attraction to intense beauty, violent horror, and death, and his sense of the world of dreams contributed to his greatness as a writer. Such compelling stories as “The Masque of the Red Death” and “The Fall of the House of Usher” involve the reader in a universe that is at once beautiful and gro
6、tesque, real and fantastic. 2021/5/215His poems (including “To Helen,” “The Raven,” “The City in the Sea,” “The Bells,” and “Annabel Lee”) are rich with musical phrases and sensuous, at times frightening, images. Poe was also an intelligent and witty critic who often theorized about the art of writi
7、ng. The analytical mind he brought to criticism is evident also in his famous stories of ratiocination, notably “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” and “The Purloined Letter.” Poe influenced such diverse authors as Swinburne, Tennyson, Dostoyevsky, Conan Doyle, and the French symbolists. 2021/5/216 Poe
8、and his works influenced literature in the United States and around the world, as well as in specialized fields, such as cosmology and cryptography. Poe and his work appear throughout popular culture in literature, music, films, and television. A number of his homes are dedicated museums today.2021/
9、5/217PoetryTalesOther works2021/5/218Tamerlane 帖木儿帖木儿 The Raven 乌鸦乌鸦 Lenore 丽诺尔丽诺尔 Al Aaraaf 阿尔阿拉夫阿尔阿拉夫 The Bells 钟钟 Eldorado 黄金国黄金国 To Helen 致海伦致海伦 Annabel Lee 安娜贝尔安娜贝尔李李 The City in the Sea 海中之城海中之城 The Haunted Palace 闹鬼的宫殿闹鬼的宫殿 The Conqueror Worm 征服者爬虫征服者爬虫 Sonnet To Science 十四行诗十四行诗致科学致科学 Ulalum
10、e A Ballad 尤娜路姆尤娜路姆一首歌谣一首歌谣 A Dream Within A Dream 梦中之梦梦中之梦 2021/5/219“The Black Cat” 黑猫黑猫The Cask of Amontillado一桶蒙特亚白葡萄酒一桶蒙特亚白葡萄酒 “The Fall of the House of Usher”厄舍古屋的倒塌厄舍古屋的倒塌 “The Gold-Bug” 金甲虫金甲虫“Hop-Frog” 跳蛙跳蛙“The Imp of the Perverse” 反常之魔反常之魔Ligeia丽姬娅丽姬娅 “The Masque of the Red Death” 红死魔的假面舞会
11、红死魔的假面舞会The Murders in the Rue Morgue莫格街谋杀案莫格街谋杀案 A Tale of the Ragged Mountains凹凸山的故事凹凸山的故事 The Tell-tale Heart泄密的心泄密的心 2021/5/2110Politian (1835) Poes only play 波利希安波利希安The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket (1838) Poes only complete novel 阿阿戈戈皮姆的故事皮姆的故事“The Balloon-Hoax” (1844) A journal
12、istic hoax printed as a true story 气球骗局气球骗局“The Philosophy of Composition” (1846) Essay 写作的哲学写作的哲学Eureka: A Prose Poem (1848) Essay 我发现了：一首散文诗我发现了：一首散文诗“The Poetic Principle” (1848) Essay 诗歌原理诗歌原理The Light-House (1849) Poes last incomplete work光之塔光之塔2021/5/2111It takes Poe 4 years to complete “The R
13、aven”Topic of the poem: death: “the death of a beautiful woman is , unquestionably, the most poetic in the world” a sense of melancholy over the death of a beloved beautiful young woman Mood of the persona: melancholic, sorrowful, even desperate 2021/5/2112 midnight: a time associated with the end o
14、f life bleak December: a season associated with the end of life the room: warmed and lighted by “dying embers”, associated with the supernatural the purple curtains: a color associated with Funereal custom2021/5/2113TheRaven乌鸦byEdgarAllanPoeOnce upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and wear
15、y, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. Tis some visitor, I muttered, tapping at my chamber door Only this, and nothing more. 从前一个阴郁的子夜，我独自沉思，慵懒疲竭，从前一个阴郁的子夜，我
16、独自沉思，慵懒疲竭， 沉思许多古怪而离奇、早已被人遗忘的传闻沉思许多古怪而离奇、早已被人遗忘的传闻 当我开始打盹，几乎入睡，突然传来一阵轻擂，当我开始打盹，几乎入睡，突然传来一阵轻擂， 仿佛有人在轻轻叩击，轻轻叩击我的房门。仿佛有人在轻轻叩击，轻轻叩击我的房门。 “有人来了，有人来了，”我轻声嘟喃，我轻声嘟喃，“正在叩击我的房门正在叩击我的房门 唯此而已，别无他般。唯此而已，别无他般。” 2021/5/2114Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought
17、 its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; - vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow - sorrow for the lost Lenore For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named Lenore Nameless here for evermore. 哦，我清楚地记得那是在萧瑟的十二月；哦，我清楚地记得那是在萧瑟的十二月； 每一团奄奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地板。每一团奄
18、奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地板。 我当时真盼望翌日；我当时真盼望翌日；因为我已经枉费心机因为我已经枉费心机 想用书来消除悲哀想用书来消除悲哀消除因失去丽诺尔的悲叹消除因失去丽诺尔的悲叹 因那被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳因那被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳 在这儿却默默无闻，直至永远。在这儿却默默无闻，直至永远。 2021/5/2115And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain Thrilled me - filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; S
19、o that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door; - This it is, and nothing more, 那柔软、暗淡、飒飒飘动的每一块紫色窗布那柔软、暗淡、飒飒飘动的每一块紫色窗布 使我心中充满前所未有的恐怖使我心中充满前所未有的恐怖我毛骨惊然；我毛骨惊然； 为平息我心儿停跳我站起身
20、反复叨念为平息我心儿停跳我站起身反复叨念 “这是有人想进屋，在叩我的房门这是有人想进屋，在叩我的房门。 更深夜半有人想进屋，在叩我的房门；更深夜半有人想进屋，在叩我的房门； 唯此而已，别无他般。唯此而已，别无他般。” 2021/5/2116Presently my soul grew stronger; hesitating then no longer, Sir, said I, or Madam, truly your forgiveness I implore; But the fact is I was napping, and so gently you came rapping,
21、And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door, That I scarce was sure I heard you - here I opened wide the door; - Darkness there, and nothing more. 很快我的心变得坚强；不再犹疑，不再彷徨，很快我的心变得坚强；不再犹疑，不再彷徨， “先生，先生，”我说，我说，“或夫人，我求你多多包涵；或夫人，我求你多多包涵； 刚才我正睡意昏昏，而你来敲门又那么轻，刚才我正睡意昏昏，而你来敲门又那么轻， 你来敲门又那么轻，轻轻叩击我的房门
22、，你来敲门又那么轻，轻轻叩击我的房门， 我差点以为没听见你我差点以为没听见你”说着我拉开门扇；说着我拉开门扇； 唯有黑夜，别无他般。唯有黑夜，别无他般。 2021/5/2117Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before But the silence was unbroken, and the darkness gave no token, And the only wo
23、rd there spoken was the whispered word, Lenore! This I whispered, and an echo murmured back the word, Lenore! Merely this and nothing more. 凝视着夜色幽幽，我站在门边惊惧良久，凝视着夜色幽幽，我站在门边惊惧良久， 疑惑中似乎梦见从前没人敢梦见的梦幻；疑惑中似乎梦见从前没人敢梦见的梦幻； 可那未被打破的寂静，没显示任何迹象。可那未被打破的寂静，没显示任何迹象。 “丽诺尔？丽诺尔？”便是我嗫嚅念叨的唯一字眼，便是我嗫嚅念叨的唯一字眼， 我念叨我念叨“丽诺尔！丽
24、诺尔！”，回声把这名字轻轻送还，回声把这名字轻轻送还， 唯此而已，别无他般。唯此而已，别无他般。 2021/5/2118Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning, Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before. Surely, said I, surely that is something at my window lattice; Let me see then, what thereat is, and this mystery explor
25、e Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore; - Tis the wind and nothing more! 我转身回到房中，我的整个心烧灼般疼痛，我转身回到房中，我的整个心烧灼般疼痛， 很快我又听到叩击声，比刚才听起来明显。很快我又听到叩击声，比刚才听起来明显。 “肯定，肯定，”我说，我说，“肯定有什么在我的窗棂；肯定有什么在我的窗棂； 让我瞧瞧是什么在那里，去把那秘密发现让我瞧瞧是什么在那里，去把那秘密发现 让我的心先镇静一会儿，去把那秘密发现；让我的心先镇静一会儿，去把那秘密发现； 那不过是风，别无他般！那不过是风
26、，别无他般！” 2021/5/2119Open here I flung the shutter, when, with many a flirt and flutter, In there stepped a stately raven of the saintly days of yore. Not the least obeisance made he; not a minute stopped or stayed he; But, with mien of lord or lady, perched above my chamber door Perched upon a bust o
27、f Pallas just above my chamber door Perched, and sat, and nothing more. 我猛然推开窗户，心儿扑扑直跳就像打鼓，我猛然推开窗户，心儿扑扑直跳就像打鼓， 一只神圣往昔的健壮乌鸦慢慢走进我房间；一只神圣往昔的健壮乌鸦慢慢走进我房间； 它既没向我致意问候；也没有片刻的停留；它既没向我致意问候；也没有片刻的停留； 而以绅士淑女的风度，栖在我房门的上面而以绅士淑女的风度，栖在我房门的上面 栖在我房门上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面栖在我房门上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面 栖坐在那儿，仅如此这般。栖坐在那儿，仅如此这般。 2021/5/2120T
28、hen this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling, By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou, I said, art sure no craven. Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the nightly shore Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Nights Pl
29、utonian shore! Quoth the raven, Nevermore. 于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑，于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑， 以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜，以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜， “虽然冠毛被剪除，虽然冠毛被剪除，”我说，我说，“但你肯定不是懦夫，但你肯定不是懦夫， 你这幽灵般可怕的古鸦，漂泊来自夜的彼岸你这幽灵般可怕的古鸦，漂泊来自夜的彼岸 请告诉我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府阴间！请告诉我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府阴间！” 乌鸦答日乌鸦答日“永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2121Much I marvelled this
30、ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly, Though its answer little meaning - little relevancy bore; For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door Bird or beast above the sculptured bust above his chamber door, With such name as
31、Nevermore. 听见如此直率的回答，我惊叹这丑陋的乌鸦，听见如此直率的回答，我惊叹这丑陋的乌鸦， 虽说它的回答不着边际虽说它的回答不着边际与提问几乎无关；与提问几乎无关； 因为我们不得不承认，从来没有活着的世人因为我们不得不承认，从来没有活着的世人 曾如此有幸地看见一只鸟栖在他房门的面曾如此有幸地看见一只鸟栖在他房门的面 鸟或兽栖在他房间门上方的半身雕像上面，鸟或兽栖在他房间门上方的半身雕像上面， 有这种名字有这种名字“永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2122But the raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke only,
32、That one word, as if his soul in that one word he did outpour. Nothing further then he uttered - not a feather then he fluttered Till I scarcely more than muttered Other friends have flown before On the morrow will he leave me, as my hopes have flown before. Then the bird said, Nevermore. 但那只独栖于肃穆的半
33、身雕像上的乌鸦只说了但那只独栖于肃穆的半身雕像上的乌鸦只说了 这一句话，仿佛它倾泻灵魂就用那一个字眼。这一句话，仿佛它倾泻灵魂就用那一个字眼。 然后它便一声不吭然后它便一声不吭也不把它的羽毛拍动也不把它的羽毛拍动 直到我几乎是哺哺自语直到我几乎是哺哺自语“其他朋友早已消散其他朋友早已消散 明晨它也将离我而去明晨它也将离我而去如同我的希望已消散。如同我的希望已消散。” 这时那鸟说这时那鸟说“永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2123Startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken, Doubtless, said I, wha
34、t it utters is its only stock and store, Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful disaster Followed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore Till the dirges of his hope that melancholy burden bore Of Never-nevermore. 惊异于那死寂漠漠被如此恰当的回话打破，惊异于那死寂漠漠被如此恰当的回话打破， “肯定，肯定，”我说，我说，“这句话是它唯一
35、的本钱，这句话是它唯一的本钱， 从它不幸动主人那儿学未。一连串无情飞灾从它不幸动主人那儿学未。一连串无情飞灾 曾接踵而至，直到它主人的歌中有了这字眼曾接踵而至，直到它主人的歌中有了这字眼 直到他希望的挽歌中有了这个忧伤的字眼直到他希望的挽歌中有了这个忧伤的字眼 永不复还，永不复还。永不复还，永不复还。” 2021/5/2124But the raven still beguiling all my sad soul into smiling, Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird and bust and door; Then
36、, upon the velvet sinking, I betook myself to linking Fancy unto fancy, thinking what this ominous bird of yore What this grim, ungainly, gaunt, and ominous bird of yore Meant in croaking Nevermore. 但那只乌鸦仍然把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑，但那只乌鸦仍然把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑， 我即刻拖了张软椅到门旁雕像下那只鸟跟前；我即刻拖了张软椅到门旁雕像下那只鸟跟前； 然后坐在天鹅绒椅垫上，我开始冥思苦想，
37、然后坐在天鹅绒椅垫上，我开始冥思苦想， 浮想连着浮想，猜度这不祥的古鸟何出此言浮想连着浮想，猜度这不祥的古鸟何出此言 这只狰狞丑陋可怕不吉不祥的古鸟何出此言，这只狰狞丑陋可怕不吉不祥的古鸟何出此言， 为何聒噪为何聒噪永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2125This I sat engaged in guessing, but no syllable expressingTo the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosoms core;This and more I sat divining, with my head at ease
38、recliningOn the cushions velvet lining that the lamp-light gloated oer,But whose velvet violet lining with the lamp-light gloating oer,She shall press, ah, nevermore!我坐着猜想那意见但没对那鸟说片语只言。我坐着猜想那意见但没对那鸟说片语只言。 此时，它炯炯发光的眼睛已燃烧进我的心坎；此时，它炯炯发光的眼睛已燃烧进我的心坎； 我依然坐在那儿猜度，把我的头靠得很舒服，我依然坐在那儿猜度，把我的头靠得很舒服， 舒舒服服地靠在那被灯光凝视
39、的天鹅绒衬垫，舒舒服服地靠在那被灯光凝视的天鹅绒衬垫， 但被灯光爱慕地凝视着的紫色的天鹅绒衬垫，但被灯光爱慕地凝视着的紫色的天鹅绒衬垫， 她将显出，啊，永不复还！她将显出，啊，永不复还！ 2021/5/2126Then, methought, the air grew denser, perfumed from an unseen censerSwung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor.Wretch, I cried, thy God hath lent thee - by these angels he has
40、 sent theeRespite - respite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore!Quaff, oh quaff this kind nepenthe, and forget this lost Lenore!Quoth the raven, Nevermore.接着我想，空气变得稠密，被无形香炉熏香，接着我想，空气变得稠密，被无形香炉熏香， 提香炉的撒拉弗的脚步声响在有簇饰的地板。提香炉的撒拉弗的脚步声响在有簇饰的地板。 “可怜的人，可怜的人，”我呼叫，我呼叫，“是上帝派天使为你送药，是上帝派天使为你送药， 这忘忧药能中止你对失去的丽诺
41、尔的思念；这忘忧药能中止你对失去的丽诺尔的思念； 喝吧如吧，忘掉对失去的丽诺尔的思念！喝吧如吧，忘掉对失去的丽诺尔的思念！” 乌鸦说乌鸦说“永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2127Prophet! said I, thing of evil! - prophet still, if bird or devil! -Whether tempter sent, or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore,Desolate yet all undaunted, on this desert land enchanted -On this home by
42、 horror haunted - tell me truly, I implore -Is there - is there balm in Gilead? - tell me - tell me, I implore!Quoth the raven, Nevermore.“先知！先知！”我说我说“凶兆！凶兆！仍是先知，不管是鸟还是魔！仍是先知，不管是鸟还是魔！ 是不是魔鬼送你，或是暴风雨抛你来到此岸，是不是魔鬼送你，或是暴风雨抛你来到此岸， 孤独但毫不气馁，在这片妖惑鬼崇的荒原孤独但毫不气馁，在这片妖惑鬼崇的荒原 在这恐怖萦绕之家在这恐怖萦绕之家告诉我真话，求你可怜告诉我真话，求你可怜 基
43、列有香膏吗？基列有香膏吗？告诉我告诉我告诉我，求你可怜！告诉我，求你可怜！” 乌鸦说乌鸦说“永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2128Prophet! said I, thing of evil! - prophet still, if bird or devil!By that Heaven that bends above us - by that God we both adore -Tell this soul with sorrow laden if, within the distant Aidenn,It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom t
44、he angels named Lenore -Clasp a rare and radiant maiden, whom the angels named Lenore?Quoth the raven, Nevermore.“先知！先知！”我说，我说，“凶兆！凶兆！仍是先知、不管是鸟是魔！仍是先知、不管是鸟是魔！ 凭我们头顶的苍天起誓凭我们头顶的苍天起誓凭我们都崇拜的上帝起誓凭我们都崇拜的上帝起誓 告诉这充满悲伤的灵魂。它能否在遥远的仙境告诉这充满悲伤的灵魂。它能否在遥远的仙境 拥抱被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她纤尘不染拥抱被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她纤尘不染 拥抱被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇
45、艳。拥抱被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳。” 乌鸦说乌鸦说“永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2129Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend! I shrieked upstarting -Get thee back into the tempest and the Nights Plutonian shore!Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!Leave my loneliness unbroken! - quit the bust a
46、bove my door!Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!Quoth the raven, Nevermore.“让这话做我们的道别之辞，鸟或魔！让这话做我们的道别之辞，鸟或魔！”我突然叫道我突然叫道 “回你的暴风雨中去吧，回你黑沉沉的冥府阴间！回你的暴风雨中去吧，回你黑沉沉的冥府阴间！ 别留下黑色羽毛作为你的灵魂谎言的象征！别留下黑色羽毛作为你的灵魂谎言的象征！ 留给我完整的孤独！留给我完整的孤独！快从我门上的雕像滚蛋！快从我门上的雕像滚蛋！ 从我心中带走你的嘴；从我房门带走你的外观！从我
47、心中带走你的嘴；从我房门带走你的外观！” 乌鸦说乌鸦说“永不复还。永不复还。” 2021/5/2130And the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;And his eyes have all the seeming of a demons that is dreaming,And the lamp-light oer him streaming throws his shadow on the flo
48、or;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floorShall be lifted - nevermore 那乌鸦并没飞去，它仍然栖息，仍然栖息那乌鸦并没飞去，它仍然栖息，仍然栖息 在房门上方那苍白的帕拉斯半身雕像上面；在房门上方那苍白的帕拉斯半身雕像上面； 而它的眼光与正在做梦的魔鬼眼光一模一样，而它的眼光与正在做梦的魔鬼眼光一模一样， 照在它身上的灯光把它的阴影投射在地板；照在它身上的灯光把它的阴影投射在地板； 而我的灵魂，会从那团在地板上漂浮的阴暗而我的灵魂，会从那团在地板上漂浮的阴暗 被擢升么被擢升么永不复还！永不复还！ 2021/5/21312021/5/2132部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！
