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1、Unit3 知识清单Part A 重点词汇1. ban vt.明令禁止;取缔 n.禁令用法:ban doing sth. 禁止做某事ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人(做)某事a ban on. 对的禁令impose a ban (on.) 颁布(对的)禁令lift a ban (on.) 接触(对的)禁令2. accompany vt. 陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为伴奏用法:accompany sb. to. 陪某人去be accompanied by 在的陪同下转化: companion n.伙伴;同伴company n.U陪伴 C公司;商号3. adopt
2、 vt.采用;采取:采纳 vt. & vi.收养,领养转化: adopted 收养的,领养的 adoption 收养,领养4. prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止; 阻止转化: prohibition n. 禁止;阻止; 禁令用法:a prohibition against/on. 一项对的禁令练习:总结 “禁止/阻止某人做某事” 的表达5. incredible adj.极好的;极大的;难以置信的6. appeal vt. 有吸引力; 呼吁; 恳求; 上诉 n.吸引力;呼吁; 上诉; 请求appeal to 吸引力; 有感染力; 呼吁; 上诉; 打动7. wander n.游荡;闲逛
3、;流浪 vt.&vi 闲逛;漫游 vi.走失;离散;走神8. amusement n.娱乐(活动);愉悦amuse vt.(提供)消遣;(使)娱乐9. up to 达别(某数量、程度等);直到;不多于;(体力或智力上)能胜任10. entertainment n.娱乐;招待;娱乐活动;文娱节目11. swing vt. & vi. (swung, swung)(使)摇动;摇摆;转弯;(使)突然转向Part B 重点短语1. at peace 处于和平状态at peace with 与和平相处2. wake up to 醒来;意识到,认识到(= realize)3. set out出发;启程;(
4、怀着目标)开始工作4. anything like 和相像,与相似 5. be home to 是的家园/栖息地/产地6. live off 以吃为生;靠过活;依赖生活7. in place 8. upside down颠倒;倒转9. live off 依靠.生活;以吃为生Part C 重点句型People come from all over America to see skilled workers make wood, glass, and iron objects in the old fashioned way. 来自美国各地的人前来观看熟练的工匠以老式的方法制作木头、玻璃和铁制品
5、。【析】 句中的不定式短语 “to see skilled workers make wood.way”作目的状语。make wood, glass, and iron objects 作宾语 skilled workers 的补足语。 “感官动词+宾语+宾补”结构的具体用法:1)常见的用于此结构的感官动词有fee, see, watch, observe, notice, hear等。2)宾补的形式有四种(以do为例)(doing(强调主动及动作正在进行,宾语和宾补之间为逻辑上的主谓关系)Can you hear someone singing next door? 你能听见隔壁有人在唱歌吗
6、?(being done(强调被动及动作正在进行,宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的动宾关系)I saw him being questioned by the police when I passed by.我经过的时候,看到他正在被警察盘问。(do 强调动作发生的全过程或经常反复发生的动作,宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主谓关系;不定式作宾语补足语时要省去不定式符号to,但在被动语态中不定式符号to要还原)done (强调动作已完成,宾语与宾补之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系)Part D 课标词汇、短语1 buffet vt.连续猛击;打来打去n.自助餐2 cloth n.(一块)布;织物;布料3 edge n
7、. 边;边缘;边线;刀刃vt. & vi.(使)徐徐移动;给加边4 valley n. 谷;山谷;溪谷5 vast adj. 辽阔的;巨大的;庞大的6 territory n. 领土;版图;领域;地盘7 boundary n. 边界;界限;分界线8 cottage n. 小屋; (尤指)村舍;小别墅9 visible adj.看得见的;可见的10 on the move在行进中;在移动中11 sour adj. 酸的;有酸味的12 bless vt.祝福13 journalist n.新闻记者;新闻工作者14 sneeze vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏;喷嚏声15 teapot n.茶壶16 lab
8、el vt.用标签标明;贴标签 n.标签:标记17 cream n.奶油;乳脂;adj. 奶油色的;淡黄色的18 stretch vi.延伸;延续;伸展 vt. & vi.舒展19 lung n.肺20 cycle n.自行车;循环21 fountain n. 喷泉;人工喷泉;喷水池22 route n.途径23 ahead adv.向前;在前面;提前24 theme n. 主题;主题思想 25 theme park公园;主题乐园26 adorable adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的27 enormous adj.巨大的;极大的28 iron n.铁器;铸铁;熨斗用熨耳)熨;烫平29 fashio
9、n n. 时尚;时兴;流行款式30 rare adj. 稀少的;珍贵的;(肉)半熟的31 steam n.蒸汽;水蒸气;蒸汽动力 vt. & vi. 蒸发;散发蒸汽:冒水汽32 superb adj.极佳的;卓越的33 polar adj.极地的;南极(或北极)的;磁极的34 splendid adj. 壮丽的;雄伟的;极佳的; 非常好的35 display n.展览;陈列;展览品 vt. 显示;陈列36 appetite n.食欲;胃口;强烈欲望37 column n.(书、报纸印刷页上的)栏:专栏;柱(形物)Part E 单元语法 语法:非谓语动词 ving 形式作主语1. 动词-ing
10、形式不能单独作谓语, 但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有时态和语态的变化。2. 动词-ing 形式由动词加-ing 变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中作主、宾等。3. Different Forms of V-ing形式一般式主动doing被动being done练习:请找出下面句子中的ving form. 并说出分别充当什么成分。1 Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.2 As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the
11、rice output.3 Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.4 However, he doesnt care about being famous.5 He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.6 Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means
12、very little to him.7 Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.8 Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more.KEYS1.主语2.宾语3 .宾语4.宾语5.宾语6.主语7.主语8.宾语动词ing 形式作主语1.v-ing 置于句首(注意:单个 doing 作主语,谓语动词用单数;两个或两个以上表达不同意义的doing 作主语,谓语动词常用复数。)如:1) 吸烟有害健康。 2) 有
13、规律地跑步对我们有好处。 3) 听、说、读、写是一门语言的基本技能。_ are basic skills of a language. 4)观察黑猩猩一家醒来就是我们当天的首项任务。 5)被老师惩罚使得他对这门学科失去了兴趣。 2. 用形式主语 it 把真正的主语动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词,如:It is no use (no good; fun; useless) doing sth. doing sthIt is worthwhile/ a waste of time (money) to do sth. 6) 想再解释一次有好处吗?
14、 7) 强迫孩子学习是没有用的。 _KEYSl ) Smoking is harmful to our health. 2)Running regularly does good to us. 3)Listening, speaking, reading and writing 4) Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day 5)Being punished made him lose interest in the subject. 6)Is it any good trying to explain it again? 7)Its no use forcing children to learn. 6 / 6