代词及it的用法精编版

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1、代词及it的用法 一、代词的定义和种类 定义：代词是代替名词，形容词和数词的词。它具有名词，形容词的功能。在句中作主语，宾语，表语和定语。 一一. 人称代人称代词词 二二. 物主代物主代词词 三三. 反身代反身代词词 四四. 指示代指示代词词 五五. 不定代不定代词词 六六. 疑疑问问代代词词 七七. 连连接代接代词词 八八. 关系代关系代词词 一一. 人称代人称代词词 数数 人称人称 格格 单数单数 主格主格宾格宾格I you he she it me you him 复数复数 宾格宾格主格主格we you us you 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 they her

2、 it them 用法口诀：用法口诀： 人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说； 主格定把主语作，宾格作宾不会错。主格定把主语作，宾格作宾不会错。 一一. 人称代人称代词词 1 1、单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先、单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先. . 1.我、你、他、都我、你、他、都 18岁。岁。You, he and I are 18. _ 2.你们、我们、他们都来自中国。你们、我们、他们都来自中国。 _. We, you and they are from China 2 2、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not

3、not 后多用后多用宾格宾格. .作表语，也用宾格。作表语，也用宾格。 I like English. _ too. A. I B. He C. Me 1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her 2. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me 3. Who taught _ English last term? A. them B. their C. they 二二. 物主代物主代词词 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人

4、称 分类分类 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数 复数复数 人称人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数 形形容容词词my 性性 our your your his her its their 名名词词mine ours your s your s his her s its their s 性性 用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。 形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。 名词性、独立用，主宾表语它都充。名词性、独立用，主宾表语它都充。 二二. 物主代物主代词词 ?形容词性物主代词相当于 形容词。在句中作定语修饰名词。

5、 形容词性物主代词与own连用表示强调。 I like my job. ? This is my own house. ?名词性物主代词相当于名词，不能用于名词之前。 This is your book. Where is mine？ ?“of+名词性物主代词”构成双重属格。 A friend of mine will come here next week. 1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I 2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him 3. Frank cant find _ di

6、ctionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him 4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs 5. The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its 三三. 反身代反身代词词 人称人称 分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单单 数

7、数 复复 数数 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 用法口诀：反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分。用法口诀：反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分。 表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。 2. 反身代反身代词词常常见见固定搭配固定搭配 过过得愉快得愉快 enjoy oneself learn by / teach oneself 自学自学 请请随便吃随便吃 help oneself to sth. 自言自自言自语语 say to oneself by oneself 独自独

8、自 for oneself 为为自己自己 不要客气不要客气 make oneself at home 陶醉沉浸于陶醉沉浸于 lose oneself in 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 dress oneself 照照顾顾自己自己 look after oneself 三三. 反身代反身代词词 1.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself 2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself

9、 C. itself 3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your 四四. 指示代指示代词词 this,that,these,those ?时空的差别时空的差别 this/these指在时间或空间上较近的事物或指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人人,that/those指在时间或空间上较远的事物或人指在时间或空间上较远的事物或人. This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those

10、 days the workers had a hard time ?行文叙述上的差别行文叙述上的差别。 this/these指代下文要讲到的人或事 that/those指代前面讲到的人或事 I shall say this to you: he is a poor man. He was ill. Thats why he didnt come. ?打电话时this 表示我,that表示你. Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 四四. 疑疑问问代代词词 ?疑问代词有疑问代词有who(指人,谁)，whom，whose（指人，谁的），what(

11、指事，什么)和和which(指人、事均可，哪一个)等等。 疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。在句子中作为某一句子成分。 Who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主语） What is that? (作表语) Whose umbrella is this? ( 作定语) Whom are you waiting for? ( 作宾语) 五、不定代词及其用法 1.定义：不指明所代替的名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词，定义：不指明所代替的名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词，不定代词可分为：不

12、定代词可分为： ?every-,some-,any-,no-和和-one,-body,-thing构成的复合代构成的复合代词。词。 ?some, any， many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either,a few,few,a little,little等等 2.不定代词在使用中的注意点不定代词在使用中的注意点： ?由由every-,some-,any-,no-和和-one,-body,-thing构成的复合构成的复合代词通常只看做代词通常只看做单数单数形式，其谓语要用形式，其谓语要用单数单数。 S

13、omebody is waiting for you at the school gate. ?Something,anything,nothing和形容词连用时，形容词要和形容词连用时，形容词要放在他们的放在他们的后面后面。 Something important/anything interesting/nothing funny 一些重要的不定代词的用法一些重要的不定代词的用法 some, any ? some 肯定句肯定句 any 否定句否定句/ 疑问句疑问句/ 条件句条件句 ?some 也可以用于疑问句中表示请求、建议，希望得到肯定也可以用于疑问句中表示请求、建议，希望得到肯定答复。

14、答复。 some Would you like _ coffee? ?不定代词（不定代词（something ,anyone）+ 形容词形容词 some, any ?当当some修饰的修饰的可数名词是单数可数名词是单数时，时，some 表示表示 “某个某个” 的意思。的意思。 I have read that in some magazine. ?any 用于用于肯定句肯定句中有中有 “任何一个任何一个” 解。解。 ?Tom runs faster than any other boy in his class. 1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A.

15、important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody 3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else other, the other, another, others, the others 代名词代名词 单数单数 anot

16、her 另一个另一个 the other 另一个另一个 ?形容词形容词 复数复数 单数单数 another (boy) 另一个（男孩）另一个（男孩） the other (boy) 另一个男孩另一个男孩 复数复数 other (boys) 其他男孩其他男孩 the other (boys) 其余那些男孩其余那些男孩 others 别人，其他人别人，其他人 the others 其余那些人、物其余那些人、物 1.antoher 表示表示“又一个，另一个，再一个又一个，另一个，再一个”，泛指众多中的一个泛指众多中的一个，可，可单独使用或接单独使用或接单数可数名词单数可数名词，其，其前面不加定冠词前

17、面不加定冠词。 Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another. You can see another ship in the sea, cant you? ?2.antoher用在用在复数名词前，表示复数名词前，表示“再，又再，又”，相当于，相当于more。 If you give me another five minutes,Ill finish the work. ?3.the other 表示表示“两者中的另一个两者中的另一个”，常与，常与one搭配构成搭配构成“one ., the other .”句

18、型。句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. other, the other, another, others, the others 4. “the others”表示表示特指某范围内的特指某范围内的“其他的人或物其他的人或物”。是是复数的特指复数的特指。the others=the other+名词复数名词复数 In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese. ?5.others表示表示“别人，其他人别人，其他人”，是，

19、是复数的泛指复数的泛指，others=other+名词复数名词复数 In the park some are playing games. Others are walking near the river. ?the other others the others another Tom and Mary have arrived, but _ in your class arent here yet. A. the others B. others C. the other One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and

20、_ white. A. the other Banother C. others This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one. A. other B. others C. another I have two brothers. _ is a doctor, _ is a soldier. A. One, the other B. One, other C. The one, the other Some of the students are playing on the playground. But

21、 wherere _? A. the other B.others C.the others - Is this your sock ? - Yes, it is . Where is _? A. another B. the other one C. others We got home by 4 oclock ,but _ didnt get back until 8 oclock. A. the other B. others C. the others each, every 不定代词不定代词 each every ?含义含义 每一个每一个 每一个每一个 数量关系数量关系 2 3 作定

22、语时作定语时作主语时作主语时名词的数名词的数 动词的数动词的数 单数单数 单数单数 单数单数 单数单数 each：1)可单独使用，可单独使用，2)可做代名词、形容词，可做代名词、形容词， 3)着重着重“个别个别”， 4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物。用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物。 ?every：1)不可单独使用，不可单独使用，2)仅作形容词仅作形容词， 3)着重着重“全体全体”，毫无例外，毫无例外，4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人或用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物。物。 ?当我们说当我们说each child, each student或或each teacher时，我们想到的是时，我

23、们想到的是一一个人的情况个人的情况。而当我们说。而当我们说every child和和every student时，我们想到的是时，我们想到的是全体的情况，全体的情况，every的意思与的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。接近，表示他们都如此。 Each ball has a different colour. Every child likes playing. = All children like playing. ?注意：我们可以用注意：我们可以用each of , 而不能用而不能用 every of 如：如：Each of you can have a rest. ?every oth

24、er 每隔每隔 every other day 每隔一天每隔一天 = every two days I gave them _ an apple. A. every B. each C. each of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street. Aevery Beach Cboth She goes shopping _ five days. A. every B. each C. each of 他隔天来这里。他隔天来这里。 He came here _ day. every other neither, either, both 不

25、定代不定代词词 either neither both 含义含义 数量关数量关系系 =2 =2 =2 作定语时作定语时名词的数名词的数 单数单数 单数单数 复数复数 作主语时作主语时动词的数动词的数 单数单数 单数单数 复数复数 谓单谓单 谓单谓单 两者中的任何一两者中的任何一个个 两者都不两者都不 两者都两者都 either of 两者两者之一 neither of 两者两者都不都不 + 复数名词复数名词 / them / us both of 两者两者都都 谓复谓复 either neither both _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for n

26、ame card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; are either neither both either or 或者或者或者或者 neither nor 两者两者都不都不 both and 两者两者都都

27、就近原则 复数谓语 Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studying The students are all from Foshan . They _ like their city . A. both B. all C. either Lucy and Lily _ agree

28、with us. A. all B. both C. neither How are your parents ? They are _ fine. A. both B. all C. no either 否定句末否定句末 “也也” 倒装句表否定倒装句表否定 neither + 助动词助动词 / be / 情态动词情态动词 + neither 主语主语 both 助动词助动词 / be / 情态动词情态动词 + both both + 行为动词行为动词 I didn t see it, _. A. too B. as well C. either He couldn t open the do

29、or. _. A. Neither could I B. So could I C. Neither couldn t I They_ in good health, and they_ there. A. are both; will both go B. both are; will go both C. are both; both goes none, no one, nothing none 没有什么人没有什么人 / 物物 no one “没有人没有人” 只能指只能指人人 回答回答who问句问句 nothing 没有东西，只能没有东西，只能指物指物 回答回答 how many/muc

30、h 问问句句 回答回答what的问句的问句 none of + 复数名词复数名词 / them 谓语用谓语用单数单数 How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. come from B. is from C. is come from little, a little, few, a few 可数 不可数 肯定 a few a little 否定 few li

31、ttle ?当前面由当前面由only 修饰，常用修饰，常用 a few 或或a little . ?a little 可表示可表示“有点，稍微有点，稍微” 1.Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little 2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few 3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it .

32、A. A little B. Little C. Few it 的用法的用法 it 可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人. 1. who is the person over there? It is the headmaster. It 也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。 1.天气：天气： How cold it is today! 2. 时间：时间： It s about eight o clock. 3. 距离：距离： It s 200 kilometers from here. 1. - Who is knocking at

33、 the door? - I dont know . I was lying in the bed and just ask who _ was. A. he B. she C. it 2. I cant find my hat . I dont know where I put _. A. one B. it C. that 3. I cant find my hat . I think I must buy_. A. it B. one C. that 固定句型固定句型 1. 做某事情对某人来说是 It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. 2. 轮到某人做 I

34、t s one s turn to do sth. 3. 是（某人）做某事的时候了 It s time (for sb.) to do sth. 4. 据说 It s said that 5. 某人花费做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 6. 自从以来，已经有（时间）了。 It is / has been + 时段时段 + since + 从句从句(过过去时去时) 7. 某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的 find sb. think + it + adj. + to do feel 1.I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that 2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took 3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going