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1、英语近义词辨析汇总No.1happen, take place二者都有“发生”的意思。happen指事情的发生，往往带有“偶然”的意思。如：It happens that I am free today.恰好今天我没有事。take place指事先安排或策划好而后发生，没有“偶然”的意思。No.2must, have tomust表示说话人的主观看法；have to则表示客观需要。mustnt意为“不可以；不允许”；dont have to意为“不必”。如： My father had to work when he was ten years old.我的爸爸十岁时不得不工作。 The pl
2、ay is not interesting. I really must go now.这场戏很无聊，我必须得走了。No.3arrive, reach, get to三者都有“到达”之意。reach为及物动词。They reached Tianjin yesterday.昨天他们到达天津。arrive为不及物动词，后面接介词in或at。get to常用于口语，可代替前二者。No.4because, because of二者均表示“因为”。because是连词，引导状语从句。We stayed at home because it rained.因为下雨，我们呆在家。because of是短语介
3、词，后面接名词性词语。We stayed at home because of the rain.因为下雨，我们呆在家。No.5in front of, in the front ofin front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在的后面）。如：He walked in front of me.他走在我的前面。There are some flowers in front of the house.房子前面有些花卉。in the front of意思是“在（某一空间内的）前部”，即甲物在乙物的范围之内；其反义词是at the back of（在
4、范围内的后部）。如：There is a big desk and a blackboard in the front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一张大桌子和一块黑板。Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前。No.6look, see, watch三者都有“看”的意思。look是看的过程。I looked, but saw nothing.我看了，但什么也没看见。see是看的结果。see a film 看电影see a play 看戏（话剧）watch是看移动的事物或定晴地看。watch a
5、 football match 看足球比赛watch TV 看电视No.7sometime; sometimes;some time; some timessometime是副词，可与过去时或将来时连用，表示“（在过去）某个时候”或“（在将来）某个时候”。如：I saw him sometime in May.some time多数情况下作名词短语，意为“一些时间；一些时候”；它还可以作副词词组，用来表示一个未肯定的时刻，此时它可与sometime互换。如：Ill be away for some time.sometimes是一个表示时间频率的副词，意为“有时候”。如：Sometimes I
6、 help my mother with the housework.some times是“几次、几倍”之意。如：They have been there several times.No.8how long, how often, how far, how soonhow long意为“多久、多长时间”，主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是（for）three days/weeks/months等时间段，它可用于各种时态。How long do you stay in Beijing every year?每年你在北京住多久？how often意为“多久次、是否经常”，用来提问在某一特定的
7、时间进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，once/twice a day/month等。How often do you get to school very early?你多久早到校一次？how far意为“多远”，对距离提问时用。How far is that?那有多远？how soon意为“还要多久”，是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问，常用在一般将来时态的句子中，其答语通常是“in + 一段时间”。-How soon can you finish the work?-In half an hour.-你还要
8、多久能完成这项工作？-半小时后。No.9agree with, agree to, agree on两者都有“同意”、“赞成”的意思。agree with后面常接表示人或意见（看法）的名词作宾语。agree with还有“适合”、“符合”的含义。如：The climate here doesnt agree with him.他不适合这里的气候。agree to后面一般接表示提议、办法、计划之类的名词作宾语。agree on就达成一致的意见No.10across, cross, crossing, through, past1. cross意为“横过， 穿过”，动词词性，相当于walk（go，
9、run）acrossLook both ways before you cross the road.2. across意为“横过，穿过”，介词词性，不作动词，不能作谓语，常放在动词之后。如：go acrossHe walked across the field.3. through是介词，含有“从中间穿越”之意，表示四周含有物体的穿越。The ball went through the window.4. past既可作形容词也可作副词，做副词时有“穿过，越过”之意。Will you be going past my house on your way home?5. crossing意为“
10、渡口，人行横道，（铁路与公路的）交叉点”。All the cars should stop before the zebra crossing.No.11on, in, with1. on：表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒，乘坐交通工具等。I dont want to talk about it on the phone.2. in：使用语言文字等媒介。Can you speak it in English?3. with：借助具体的手段或工具。Dont write it with a red pen.No.12at, on, in三者都可以表示“在的时候”。1. at：表示在某个时刻，强调时间点
11、。I get up at six oclock in the morning.我早晨六点起床。2. On：表示在具体某一天/某一天的早上（下午、晚上）on Wednesdayon Sunday morningon May Ion a cold morning in 19363. in：表示在某一年（季、月）、上午/下午等。in Septemberin the morningin the afternoonNo.13few, a few; little, a little虽然都表示“少”，但 few，a few 是可数的，little，a little是不可数的。a few，a little含肯
12、定意味，few，little含否定意味。They have a little ink, dont they?他们有一点墨水，是吗？They have little ink, do they?他们几乎没有墨水，是吗？She has a few Chinese friends, doesnt she?他有几位中国朋友，是吗？She has few Chinese friends, does she?他几乎没有几位中国朋友，是吗？She has a little dog.她有一只小狗。No.14not until, untilnot until直到才 （主句动词是短暂性动词）He didnt go
13、to bed until his mother came back.until一直到 （主句中使用延续性动词）I study hard until it is midnight every day.No.15spend, pay, cost, take1. sb. spend on sth.某人花了（时间、金钱）在某事上。I spend ten yuan on the book.2. spend (in) doing sth.某人花了（时间、金钱）做某事。She spent two hours in drawing the house.3. sb. pay for sth.某人为某物花了钱。I
14、 paid 50 yuan for the clothes.4. sth. cost sb. 某物花了某人钱。It cost us five dollars.5. It takes/took sb. to do sth.花了某人（时间、金钱）做某事。It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day.No.16too much, too many, much tootoo much + 不可数名词too many + 可数名词much too + 形容词、副词There is too much milk in the basket.She ate too many biscuits yesterday morning.He runs much too quickly.The chair is much too expensive.No.17after, in1. After + 时间段：表达过去一段时间以后，常用于过去时态的句子.I received the letter after two days.我是两天以后收到这封信的。2. After + 时间点：表示将来一段时间以
