《直接引语和间接引语》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《直接引语和间接引语（54页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、I like making friendsWhat did he say?He said he liked He said he liked making friends.making friends.Grammar直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语DirectandIndirectSpeech基本概念基本概念直接引述直接引述别人的原话。别人的原话。通常都用通常都用引号引号“”括起括起来。来。用用自自己己的的话话把把别别人人的的话话转转述述出出来来。间间接接引引语语在在多多数数情情况况下下都都构构成一个成一个宾语从句宾语从句。直接引语直接引语直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语间接引语间接引语直
2、接引语直接引语直接引语直接引语和和和和间接引语间接引语间接引语间接引语一般疑问句一般疑问句 vHe said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He said whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. 间接引语用连词间接引语用连词whether或或if，语序是陈述，语序是陈述句的语序句的语序 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 vHe asked me，“Whats your name?” vHe asked me what my name was. 原来的疑问词作为间接引语
3、的连词，语原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，语序改为陈述句语序序改为陈述句语序 5.注意注意地点、时间地点、时间的变化的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意注意时态时态的变化的变化2.注意注意人称人称变化。变化。3.注意注意助动词助动词的变化的变化4.注意注意语序语序的变化（的变化（疑问句语序疑问句语序陈述句语序陈述句语序直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去
4、将来时1 1 1 1、时态的变化、时态的变化、时态的变化、时态的变化谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1. 1.直接引语表述的是直接引语表述的是客观真理客观真理，变为间接引语时，变为间接引语时，时态不变时态不变The teacher said, “ The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.She says that shell never forget the days in the country.2.如果直接引语所表述的内容在目
5、前和说话时如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变，变间接引语时，时态可不变The children said, “We love this game.”They told us that they love that game.3.主句谓语动词的主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态时态是现在时态，在引述时，在引述时，时态不变。时态不变。She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”2 2、人称的变化、人称的变化、人称的变化、人称的变化翻译成中文，理解直接引语中的助动词直接引语中的助动词 间接引语中的助
6、动词间接引语中的助动词shallshallshouldshouldshouldshouldShouldShould（不变）不变）willwillwouldwouldwouldwouldWouldWould（不变）不变）maymaymightmightmightmightMightMight（不变）不变）cancancouldcouldcouldcouldCouldCould（不变）不变）mustmustMust/had toMust/had to助动词助动词的变化Exercises:1.Hesaid,“ImafraidIcantfinishthiswork.”2.Tomsaid“Iwillse
7、eyounextweek.”Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldntfinishthatwork.Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词时时间间状状语语地点状语地点状语方向性动词方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,then,todaythatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforefourdaysagofourdaysbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefo
8、retomorrowthenextdaynextmonththenextmonthheretherecome,go,bringtake、其其他他特特殊殊变变化化3 3直接引语和间接引语正误例析直接引语和间接引语正误例析1.“Where does your chemistry teacher live,Karen?” the young man asked. The young man asked Karen where did her chemistry teacher live. (误误) The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teach
9、er lived.(正正)简析简析:一般说来一般说来,直接引语是疑问句直接引语是疑问句,将其变为间接引语将其变为间接引语时时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。2. “I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition. (误误) The little
10、boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition. (正正)简析简析:直接引语变为间接引语时直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的相应的某种某种过过去时态去时态,所以本句中的所以本句中的现在完成时现在完成时应改为应改为过去完成时过去完成时。3.“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys a
11、nd girls. The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light traveled faster than sound.(误误) The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.(正正)简析简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语变为间接引语,时时态无需改变。态无需改变。4.“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary a
12、sked me. Mary asked me that I would go to the concert with her that evening. (误误) Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening. (正正)简析简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语变为间接引语时时,要用连词要用连词whether或或if引导引导,而不用而不用that。5.“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my b
13、rother. The old man asked my brother what he had done here yesterday. (误误) The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before. (正正)简析简析:直接引语变为间接引语时直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语一般也要作相应改变地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如如Exercises:1.Hesaid,“ImafraidIcantfinishthiswork.”2.Hesaid,“Ihaventheardfromh
14、imsinceMay.”3.Tomsaid“Iwillseeyounextweek.”Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldntfinishthatwork.HesaidthathehadntheardfromhimsinceMay.Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dal
15、ian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.TheteacheraskedmewhyIwaslateagain.Sarahsaidshedidntlikeswimming.Hisfriendsaskedhim,“WillyougotoDalian?”MyclassmateaskedmeifIhadbeentoParis.1.Theteachersaid，“Dontbelate，Mary.”Theteachertold_.A.MarynottobelateB.MarytobenotlateC.MaryarenotlateD.not
16、tobelate2.Heaskedher，“Whereareyougoing?”Heaskedher_.A.wheresheweregoingB.whereshewasgoingtoC.whereshewasgoingD.wheresheisgoing巩固提高巩固提高巩固提高巩固提高3.Theladysaid，“Ishallgothereontime.”Theladysaidthat_.A.shewouldcomethereontimeB.shewouldcomehereontimeC.shewouldgothereontimeD.hewouldgothereontime4.Hesaidtom
17、e，“Iwrotetomyfatheryesterday.”Hetoldmehehadwrittentohisfather_.A.theyesterdayB.beforetodayC.thedaybeforeD.thenextday5.Theteacherasked，“Areyouwaitingforthebus?”Theteacherasked_forthebus.A.ifIwaswaitingB.wasIwaitingC.youarewaitingD.Iwaswaiting6.Theprofessorsaidthatlight_fasterthansound.A.travelsB.trav
18、eledC.travelD.traveled7.Mymotheraskedmetoshowmyhomeworktoher.Mymothersaidtome，“Show_homework.”A.hermyB.meyourC.heryourD.mehis8.ItshardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall9.Iwonder
19、howhe_thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsayHHOOMME EWWOOR RKK1.SBP5Exx1,22.Gooverwhatwelearnttoday.Period 4 Reading II Unit 1 Friendship Period 4: 幻灯片59-77页ways of showing friendship more waysways of showing friendshipmore wayswest and eastEvery culture has its own ways to s
20、how friendship.Are there any places in the world where Chinese and western cultures live side by side? HongkongMacaoSingaporeHawaiiIts said that Hawaii is a place where the East truly meets the West. Lets see in Hawaii how people show their friendship.by giving a circle of flowers worn around the ne
21、cklei(s)Read fast and find out more ways/signsto show friendship in Hawaii.the first waythe second waythe third wayleia circle of flowers worn around the neckalohalokahi1.To be with happiness2.Goodbye3.Our hearts singing togetherOneness with all peopleRead the 2nd para. againWhy do many different pe
22、oples call Hawaii their home?Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities.a rich cultural diversityTrueoffalsequestions.()1.Hawaiianssay“ahoha”toeachothertoshowfriendship.()2.Theywelcomepeopleofallraces,languagesandcultureswith“ohana”.()3.Theygivevisitorsa“lei”
23、tomakethemfeelathome.()4.Hawaiiisaplacewheremanycultureslivetogetherpeacefullyandco-operatewitheachother.()5.PeopleinHawaiicanliveinpeacebecausetheyhelpeachother.T TF FT TT TF FPeriod 5 Listening Unit 1 Friendship Period 5: 幻灯片78-88页Question: what would you do if you are misunderstood by others?Brai
24、nstorming (2m)Read the text and find out the answer to the following question.l What was upsetting Lisa? He was understood by others to have fallen in love with a boy.Reading-I-fast reading (1m)Listen to the tape and answer the following question. Does Miss Wang advise Lisa to end the friendship wit
25、h the boy? No. She advises her to ignore the gossiping classmates. Its possible for a boy and a girl to be just good friends.Listening-I (5m)Listen to the tape and find out the information to fill in the blank.Listening-II (5m)1.MissWangsaysthatthereisnothing_inLisamakingfriendswithaboyandthatitis_f
26、oraboyandagirltobejustgoodfiends.2.MissWangsaysthatteenagersliketo_andthatperhapstheycantunderstandLisasfriendshipwiththeboy.3.MissWangsaysthatLisasendingthefriendshipwiththeboywouldbea_thingtodo.4.MissWangsaysthatthereisno_forLisatothrowawayherfriendshipwiththeboy.5.MissWangasksLisato_hergossipingc
27、lassmatesandshowthemthatsheismore_up.wrongpossiblegossipstupidreasonignoregrowngossip n.&v. 闲谈；闲聊闲谈；闲聊 Listening TaskJustnowwegaveLisasomeadvicetohelpherwithherproblemonmakingfriends.AndhereAnniemetthesimilarproblem.WearegoingtolistentotheargumentsbetweenAnneandherfather.Pleaselistencarefullyandfini
28、shthefollowingexercises.First ListeningQ:WhatsAnniesproblem?Q:WhatsAnniesproblem?HerfatherthinkitnotrighttoHerfatherthinkitnotrighttomakefriendswithaneighboringmakefriendswithaneighboringboynamedPeterundersuchboynamedPeterundersuchsituation.situation.WhatAnnesfatherthoughtWhatAnnethoughtaboutbeingfr
29、iendswithpeterSheshouldbe_tomakefriendswithPeter.Shewas_totellherfatherherfriendshipwithPeter.abouttalkingtohimeverynightHethoughtAnnemustnottalktoPeter_.Shewantedto_totalktoPeter.aboutfollowingherfathersideasHethoughtAnnewould_tostopseeingPeter.Shethoughtherfatherwaswrong.carefulgladalonecontinueag
30、reeSecond ListeningGive some advice to help Anne with the problem. Make a list of the things she might say to her father to make him change his mind.1.Everyone needs a friend. Anne needs a good friend.2.They can talk together happily and they are not doing anything wrong.3.They are always with the f
31、amily, so her father can watch over her.Giving advise (4m)Homework Make up a dialogue with your partner about something you and your father have different points of views. You are expected to present it in the next class.Period 6 Speaking and Writing Unit 1 Friendship Period 6: 幻灯片89-102页3. Read the
32、 letter to the editor from Xiaodong:Dear editor, Im glad to tell you that I have been admitted into No.1 High School, which I am longing for. Im crazy about everything in the new school. However, my father says, “Students in high school are too busy to care about others.” Facing the new classmates a
33、nd new teachers, I really dont know what to do. Besides, Im not good at communicating with people. I wonder if I can get along well with my new classmates. Im really upset. Dear editor, can you tell me how to make friends? And what is friendship exactly? I would be grateful if you would give me some
34、 advice. Best wishes Xiaodong 1) What problem does Xiaodong have? Do you agree with what his father says? Discuss in groups of four. Collect your advice to Xiaodong and your attitude. Useful expressions: In my opinion, you should My advice is I think/ believe Im afraid that I advise you to I dont th
35、ink Dont worry I agree/ I dont agree. I think so./ I dont think so. 2) Discuss the basic structure of the letter to Xiaodong from you, the editor, in groups of four. Para. 1: Response Structure Para. 2-3: Problem solving Para. 4: ClosingPara. 2-3: Problem solvingPersonal attitudeUnderstanding of fri
36、endshipAdvice on making friendsStep 2 While-writing (Individual work) Writing tips:1st. Organize your ideas and set the paragraphs.2nd. Use some beautiful expressions and proverbs you have learned.3rd. Use proper linking words like and, so, however, besides etc. to make your letter coherent. 4th. Re
37、ad aloud the letter and make some improvement.5th. Try to finish the letter in 1215 minutes.评价内容评价内容自评自评互评互评主题主题是否突出提建议和表达态度；书信是否突出提建议和表达态度；书信格式是否正确格式是否正确词汇词汇所用词汇是否地道、恰当所用词汇是否地道、恰当是否运用课文是否运用课文/范文等中的优美词范文等中的优美词/句句单词拼写错误多单词拼写错误多/少少语法语法主体时态是否用一般现在时主体时态是否用一般现在时句子结构是否正确、优美句子结构是否正确、优美行文行文是否流畅是否流畅亮点亮点 是否有创
38、意之处是否有创意之处1.Theyhidthereforalmosttwoyearsandneverdaredgoout.2.Wetriedtocalmhimdown,buthekeptshouting.3.Dontlaughathim.Sometimesyouarenotabletodoaswellashe(does).4.Intheearly20thcentury,Chinawentthroughtoomanywars.5.Thechildrenhaventbeenoutdoorsallday.Letthemplayoutdoorsforawhile.6.Pleaseusethewordtomakeasentenceaccordingtothesituationgiven.7.Thisseriesofreadersisveryinteresting.8.Themansavedthegirlfromtheriverandhermotherwasverygrateful.9.MrJoneslivesaloneandoftenfeelslonely.10.WecommunicatewitheachotherbyInternet.WB P41 WB P41 Ex2:Ex2:
