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1、Lesson 39 Am I all right?Vocabularynoperationn.1.手术2.操作,运转,经营3.行动,活动Thedoctoradvisedanimmediateoperation.Theywerealsogiventheopportunitytodosomeoperation.noperatevi.(对)动手术v.运转;操作;经营,nsuccessfuladj. 成功的Sheisasuccessfulbusinesswoman.nsuccessn.成功Confidenceofsuccessisalmostsuccess.nsucceedv.Shesthetypeo
2、fpersonwhosucceedsanywhere.nfollowing adj. 下一个下一个n第二天thenextday,thefollowingdayn第二个星期thenextweek,thefollowingweeknpatient n患者,病人Thepatientwasamusedatthemusic.nadj.有耐心的Enidwasagoodteacher.Shewasverypatientwithherpupils. patientlyadv.nalone adj. 独自的独自的nalone用作形容词，通常只是表示客观上的一个人，而不表示寂寞或孤独等感情色彩，并且在句中只用作表
3、语。nlone用作形容词,表示“孤单的”、“单独的”、“无伴的”等，通常只用作定语:alonehouseinthefieldnlonely表示“寂寞的”、“孤寂的”，带有较强感情色彩，相当于sadbecauseonelacksfriendsorcompanions，可用来说明人，也可用来说明life,days,years等;可用作表语或定语。nleavemealone我烦着呢,别理我/leavehimalone让他一个人呆会儿nexchangen.(电话的)交换局nexchangen.交换,调换,兑换,交流,nTherehavebeennumerousexchangesofviewsbetwe
4、enthetwogovernments.nvt.交换,调换Theyexchangedexperienceatthemeeting.ninquire v. 询问询问, 打听打听ninquiresthofsb从某人那打听ninquireaboutsthncertain adj. 某个nsome+可数名词单数时表示某个(某一个)ncertain后面的东西不能定nacertainboy/twocertainboysn某一个某一个acertain+n:acertainpatient=somepatientn某两个twocertain+n(复数):twocertainpatientnforsomereas
5、on由于某个理由ncaller n 1.打电话的人2.访问者,探望者nTheoperatortoldthecallerthatthelineisbusy.nHeisoneoftheregularcallershere.nrelative n. amemberofyourfamilynMyuncleismynearestrelative.Grammarn直接引语直接引语 and 间接引语间接引语n在日常交流中，有时我们需要引述别人的在日常交流中，有时我们需要引述别人的话。直接引用别人的原话（放在引号内）话。直接引用别人的原话（放在引号内）就是直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话就是直接引语，用自己的
6、话转述别人的话叫间接引语。叫间接引语。n二、直接引语转换成间接引语时，间接引语多为二、直接引语转换成间接引语时，间接引语多为带宾语从句的主从复合句，转移过程应注意下列带宾语从句的主从复合句，转移过程应注意下列变化：变化：n1）动词）动词 n间接引语主句动词主要有间接引语主句动词主要有say, ask , tell, wonder 等。如：等。如：n He said to mum, “I can do house work for you.”nHe told mum that he could do housework for her.nShe said to me, “Do you like
7、milk?”She asked me if I liked milk.n2)句式/连词n陈述句：陈述句：say +that从句从句 tell+ sb. +that从句从句nShesaidtomeIwillcamebackanhourago.nShetoldme(shesaidtome)thatshehadcomebackanhourbefore.n一般疑问句：一般疑问句：ask/wonder + whether/ if+从句从句nShesaid,AreyougoinginterestedinEnglish.nHeask(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.
8、n选择疑问句：选择疑问句：ask/wonder + whether+or/or notnIaskedhim,“willyoustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?nIaskhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.n反意疑问句：反意疑问句：ask/wonder + whether/if +从句从句nYouvealreadygotwell,haventyou?sheasked.nSheaskedwhether/ifhe(I)hadalreadygotwell.n特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：ask+ sb.+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词
9、+从句从句nHeaskme,“Whatsyourname?”（疑问语序）nHeaskedmewhatmynamewas.（陈述语序）n如果在直接引语的特殊疑问句中，疑问词做主语或主语的修饰语，则语序不需要变化.n“Whocananswermyquestion?”theteachersaidtous.nTheteacheraskeduswhocouldanswerthequestion.n“Whosepictureisthemostbeautifulinyourclass?askedtheboysfather.nTheboysfatheraskedhimwhosepicturewasthemos
10、tbeautifulinhisclass.n祈使句：祈使句：ask/tell/advice/+ sb.+ (not) to do sth suggest that+从句从句 nHesaidtome“shutthewindow,please”（肯定句）nHeaskmetoshutthewindow.nHesaid,“Dontmakesomuchnoise”（否定句）nHetoldusnottomakesomuchnoise.n“Letsgotothecinema.“Tomsaid.（表建议）nTomsuggestedthattheyshouldgotothecinema.n感叹句：感叹句： Wh
11、at或或that引导引导nShesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!nShesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.nShesaidthatitwasalovelyday.nHesaid,“Howinterestingthestoryis!nShesaidhowinterestingthestorywas.nHesaidthatthestorywasinteresting.直接引语转换成间接引语“闯五关”n第一关：人称代词与指示代词n直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称代词和指示代词的变化。要根据说话的对象进行人称的变化，并使句子的意思前后一致。如：n“Youshouldbe
12、carefulnexttime，”myfathersaidtome.nMyfathertoldmethatIshouldbecarefulnexttime.nTomsaidtome,“IcanhelpyouwithyourEnglish.”nTomtoldmethathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.nHesaid,“Thisbookisntmine.”nHesaidthatbookwasnthis.n人称n人称的变化“一主、二宾、三不变”。意为在改为间接引语时，直接引语里的第一人称照主句的主语变化。第二人称看主语的宾语而变化，第三人称无需变化。nTomsaidtoKate
13、,Areyougoingtherewithme?nTomaskKateifshewasgoingwithhim.n第一人称me随主语Tom变化为him,，第二人称you随Kate变化为she。nKatesaidtoTom,Areyougoingtherewithme?nKateaskTomifhewasgoingwithher.n第一人称me随主语Kate变化为her,第二人称you随宾语Tom变成he。nIsaidtoTom,Areyougoingtherewithme?niaskTomifhewasgoingwithme.n第一人称me随主语I变化，第二人称you随Tom变化为he.n指示
14、代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化n第二关：引导词第二关：引导词1.如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，要用连词that来引导。如：nShesaid,“Imverygladtohavesuchachance.”nShesaidthatshewasverygladtohavesuchachance.2.如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。如：nHeaskedme,“Doyoulikethefilm?”nHeaskedmeif/whetherIlikedthefilm.n3.如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用相应的疑问词引导。如：nMy
15、sisteraskedme,“Whatareyoudoing?”nMysisteraskedmewhatIwasdoing.n第三关：时间状语和地点状语第三关：时间状语和地点状语n直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语等要做相应的变化。如把now改为then,today改为thatday,yesterday改为thedaybefore,ago改为before,tomorrow改为thenextday,here改为there等。nHesaid,“Illgotheretoday.”nHesaidthathewouldgotherethatday.n注意：n如果当地转述，here不必改为there
16、,动词come不用改成go,如果当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow也不用改变。nKatesaid,IwillcomeheretomorrowtohelpthesechildrenwiththeirEnglish.nKatesaidthatshewouldgotherethenextdaytohelpthosestudentwiththeirEnglish.nKatesaidthatshewillcomeheretomorrowtohelpthesechildrenwiththeirEnglish.（在当天当地转述）n第四关：时态的变化第四关：时态的变化n直接引语变间接引语时，如果主
17、句为现在（或将来）时态，间接引语的时态不变；如果主句为过去时态，间接引语中的谓语动词也要相应地用过去时态。如：nHesays,“IamgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.”nHesaysthatheisgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.n2.Shesaidtome,“LiPingwillcometomorrow.”nShetoldmethatLiPingwouldcomethenextday.n温馨提示温馨提示：如果转述的内容是客观真理时，自然现象或是谚语、格言时态不变。如：nHesaid,“Waterboilsat100.”nHesaidthatwaterboilsat
18、100.n主句（直接引语）是一般现在时，间接引语时态不变；n主句是一般过去时，间接引语时态要改为相应的过去时。n第五关：句子结构的变化第五关：句子结构的变化n直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语要用陈述句的语序。引导词要放在间接引语的最前面，接下来按“主谓宾”顺序排列。即：直接引语转换成间接引语时用陈述语序nHeaskedMike,“Wheredidyougo?”nHeaskedMikewherehehadgone.Textn1.Listentothetapen2.找出文章当中所有的间接引语。1.“Youvealreadygotwell,haventyou?”sheasked.Sheasked_.2
19、.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadntyou3.B.whetherIhadalreadygotwell4.C.haveIalreadygotwell5.D.hadIalreadygotwell.6.B2.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeag
20、uemember.C3.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”Heasked_.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalongC4.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatwasthematterDn5.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidto;nottodoB.saidto;dont
21、doC.told;dontdoD.told;nottodoDn6.Canyoumakesure_?A.thathewillcomeheretodayB.whenhewillcomeheretodayC.willhecomeheretodayD.whetherwillhecomeheretodayAn7.Doyouhappentoknow_?A.whereisheraddressB.inwhichplaceisheraddressC.whatheraddressisD.theplaceheraddressisnCn8.Excuseme,butcanyoutellme_?nA.wherecanIg
22、ettothelibrarynB.whereIcangettothelibrarynC.howcanIgettothelibrarynD.howIcangettothelibrarynDn9.Johnaskedme_tovisithisunclesfarmwithhim.nA.howwouldIlikeB.ifornotwouldIlikenC.whetherIwouldlikeD.whichIwouldlikenCn10.Idliketoknow_Chinese.nA.whenhebegantolearnnB.whendidhebegintolearnnC.whendidhebeginlearningnD.forhowlonghebegantolearnnA
