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1、今天好今天好囧囧啊，啊， 等了半天打不到的士。等了半天打不到的士。Discussion:1. What difficulty do you often have in English Reading?Meeting with new words.If you come across new words in English reading, What will you do ?Ignore them and continue readingLook them up in the dictionaryGuess the meaning 主主要要题题型型1.近近3年全国卷年全国卷I阅读理解题型分布
2、阅读理解题型分布 题型题型题型题型年份年份年份年份 分量分量分量分量细节理解细节理解细节理解细节理解推理判断推理判断推理判断推理判断主旨大意主旨大意主旨大意主旨大意 2012013 3 共共共共1 10 0题题题题 共共共共6 6题题题题 共共共共2 2题题题题20112011 共共共共10101010题题题题 共共共共4 4题题题题 共共共共4 4题题题题20122012 共共共共1010题题题题 共共共共5 5题题题题 共共共共2 2题题题题猜测词义猜测词义猜测词义猜测词义2 2题题题题2 2题题题题3 3题题题题How to guess wordswhile reading 词义猜测类题
3、目常见提问方式词义猜测类题目常见提问方式1.The underlined word “_”in the passage means _ .2.What does “_”in the third paragraph stand for ?3.The word/phrase “_” most nearly means _.4.The word/phrase “_” could best be replaced by _.5.The word/phrase “_” in Line,Para refers to_.6.Which of the following is closest in meani
4、ng to the phrase/word/sentence “_”?7.Whats the meaning of “_” in Line ,Para ?8.The author uses the word “_” to indicate（暗示）（暗示）_?l. Twelveyearold Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite sedate A. pretty B. calm C. friendly D. energetic 【解析解析】句中的句中的 but表转折，指明表转折，指明sedate正是正是active的反义词。所以的反义
5、词。所以calm实为实为sedate的同义词。的同义词。高考典例高考典例选出与划线单词意思相近的词选出与划线单词意思相近的词 2. Mary is a beautiful and charming lady, so she is very popular in the company. A. lovely B. ugly C. brave D. serious【解析解析】根据连词根据连词and判断前后应为并列的关判断前后应为并列的关 系，可见系，可见charming与与beautiful应为近义词应为近义词.利用上下文，通过利用上下文，通过_结构或结构或_结构中的结构中的_词、词、_词推测词义
6、。词推测词义。对应对应平行平行同义同义反义反义技巧技巧 1反义词常见信号词有反义词常见信号词有but 、 yet 、 while 、however、 on the contrary 等。等。同义词常见信号同义词常见信号词：词：and, or, namely, that is, that is to say,等。等。1. Although the hazards of the trip were many - for example , the unbearable heat , the lack of water, the possibility of getting lost , the p
7、resence of wild animal and poisonous snakes - Collins nevertheless decided that she must go. A. safties B. destinations C. dangers D. pleasures 【解析解析】通过下句信息词通过下句信息词for example 后面所举后面所举例子来推断词义。例子来推断词义。2. It will be very hard but also very brittle - that is , it will break easily. A. breakable B. firm
8、 C. strong D. separate【解析解析】其线索其线索that is(也就是说）也就是说） 后后 面一句话表明了该词义面一句话表明了该词义。从句子或文段中找线索、信息词从句子或文段中找线索、信息词（如（如_、_或或_等）等）推测词义。推测词义。 举例子举例子下定义下定义解释解释技巧技巧 2常见的举例的提示词有常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as 等等 。常用的解释性词提示词有常用的解释性词提示词有that is, mean, stand for, namely, in other words, to be等，等，1. The h
9、erdsman , who looks after sheep , earns about 650 yuan a year . A. chief B. sheepherder C. merchant D. buyer 【解析解析】根据根据who引引导导的定的定语语从句所提供的从句所提供的信息来推断。信息来推断。2. Japan has a problem many other countries would envy - its workforce works too hard. Curing Japanese workers of disease workaholism is proving
10、 a difficult job , partly because many of them like work better than anything else , experts say. A. killer B. drinker C. jobnik D. secretary【解析解析】根据根据because 从句所提供的线索来找从句所提供的线索来找答案。通过上下语境可知，答案。通过上下语境可知，workaholism和和jobnik 都是都是“工作狂工作狂”的意思。的意思。根据上下文根据上下文_结构结构(即即_句）及其句）及其语境语境，推断词，推断词义。义。句子句子主从复合主从复合技巧
11、技巧 3文中常用解释性句子引出生文中常用解释性句子引出生词含义，有时用破折号，括词含义，有时用破折号，括弧来表示，或者用同位语、弧来表示，或者用同位语、定语从句的形式出现。定语从句的形式出现。1.Do you have any strong opinion on 2. co-educational or single-sex schools ? A. co-operative educational B. separate educational C. boys and girls at the same schools educational D. individual educationa
12、l【解析解析】根据信息词根据信息词or及及single-sex 一词一词 之意可推断出其词义。且前缀之意可推断出其词义。且前缀co-有有“共同、一起共同、一起”的意思。如：的意思。如：cooperation. 2. We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor . Because of this , most people think that craft (手艺手艺) no longer exists. A. large-scaled production B.
13、 small-scaled production C. bankrupt D. fortune hunting【解析】根据合成词中的【解析】根据合成词中的mass(大量的大量的)和和produce（生产）可推断其义。（生产）可推断其义。利用利用_，巧解词义。，巧解词义。构词法构词法技巧技巧 41. 利用上下文，通过利用上下文，通过对应结构或平对应结构或平行结构行结构中的某些中的某些同义词、反义词同义词、反义词推推测词义。测词义。2. 从句子或文段中找线索、信息词从句子或文段中找线索、信息词（如（如举例子、下定义、解释举例子、下定义、解释等），等）， 判断词义。判断词义。3. 根据上下文根据上下
14、文句子结构及语境句子结构及语境，推，推断词义。断词义。4. 利用利用构词法构词法，巧解词义。，巧解词义。当堂检测1. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest2. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the
15、city. A. town B. capital C. countryside D. house 3. That old man was so decrepit that he could hardly walk. A. weakB. strong C. healthy D. wealthy 4. Overwork may cause diseases. A. hard-working B. working too much C. working too little 5. In the world, some are well off while others are poor. A. ri
16、ch B. brave C. tall 阅读短文，推测文中划线词的含义阅读短文，推测文中划线词的含义A There is a new boy in our class. His name is Brian. Today is his first day at our school. He rode to school on my bus. He was very quiet at lunch. He stood near the wall and did not play during recess. I think he might be nice because he smiled whe
17、never I look at him. He might be just bashful. Do you think we could become friend? 1.The underlined word “recess” can be replaced by _. A. class B. break C. exercise D. lunch2.Which of the following means the same as “ bashful” ?3. A. shy B. excited 4. C. unfriendly D. young BDear Aunty, I got the
18、highest grade on a biology test. Now the popular kids think Im brainy, and want me in their lab group. I knew I was being used. Now , they want my homework. What should I do? - LilyDear Lily, Popularity can come at price , but its no excuse to cheat. Offer to help new friends with their homework, bu
19、t dont give them yours. 3.The underlined word “brainy” in the text means _. A. excited B. friendly C. intelligent D. hard-working C I have to hire many people to grow my business. Most of the people who apply for work have such things as educational experience and work experience. What they often fa
20、il to show me on paper or in the interview is the confidence to get the job, do the job and grow in the job. If you bring your confidence, most employers will see exactly what theyre seeking in you. Then , all the weakness and shortcoming on your resume(履历）履历） will disappear. Not having enough exper
21、ience, youthall the things that you think as disadvantages- will diminished. 4.The underlined word “diminished” probably means _. A. less helpful B. less important C. less hopeful D. less pleasant Definition Definition 定义法定义法 Similarity Similarity 相似法相似法 Contrast Contrast 对比法对比法 Example Example 例举法例举法Context Context 上下文上下文 Word Formation Word Formation 构词法构词法 Please keep in mind,Practice makes perfect! Homework 运用今天所学到词运用今天所学到词义推测解题方法，义推测解题方法，完成英语周报第完成英语周报第42期猜测词义练习。期猜测词义练习。Enjoy English, Enjoy life!Bye-bye!
