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1、1.achievementachieve:(V.)完成完成; ; 做到做到; ; 实现实现achievement:(n). 完成完成; ; 成绩成绩; ; 成就成就IfeltagreatsenseofachievementwhenIreachedthetopofthemountain.当我到达山顶的时候，我有一种巨大的当我到达山顶的时候，我有一种巨大的成就感。成就感。ACHIEVE1.一般只用作及物动词，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标、目的等，也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等：Everybodyshouldbegiventhechancetoachievetheiraims.要让每个人都
2、有机会实现自己的目标。Sheachievednosuccess.她有没获得成功。2.有时与this,that,what,all,much,anything,nothing,alittle等代词连用，表示“获得(成功)”或“取得(成就)”等：Noonecanachieveanythingwithouteffort.谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。Allthiscannotbeachievedovernight.这一切不是朝夕之间可做到的。IveachievedonlyhalfofwhatIhopedtodo.我只完成了我原想完成的一半。(2007天津）Lucyhas_allofthegoalsshe
3、setforherselfinhighschoolandisreadyfornewchallengesatuniversity.A.acquiredB.finishedC.concludedD.achievedbehavedbadlylearntobehave2. behave(1) vi. to act; bear oneself 行为行为, 举止举止, 举止适当或有礼举止适当或有礼她表现出了很大的勇气她表现出了很大的勇气.She behaved with great courage.他对顾客的态度不好他对顾客的态度不好.He _ to (towards) the customers.你应该
4、学会举止得体你应该学会举止得体You should _.(2)vt.(oneself)inasociallyacceptedorpoliteway举止适当或有礼举止适当或有礼Pleasebehave(yourselves),children.(3)vi.(ofthings)toactinaparticularway(指事物指事物)有某种作用有某种作用我的摄像机自从修好后一直很正常。我的摄像机自从修好后一直很正常。Mycamera_sinceitwasrepaired.has been behaving wellbehaviourn.Theirbehaviourtowardsmeshowstha
5、ttheydontlikeme.Shewasashamedofherchildsbehaviour.5.worthwhile形容词；常用法形容词；常用法beworthwhiledoing/todoaworthwhileexperiment/job.Theexperimentisworthwhile.Itisworthwhiletodothejob./doingthejob.Nursingisaveryworthwhilecareer.worth:值得的值得的这辆自行车值这辆自行车值50英镑。英镑。Thebicycleisworth50.这个博物馆（非常）值得参观。这个博物馆（非常）值得参观。T
6、hemuseumis (well)worthvisiting. worthy:值得的值得的eg.Heisworthyofourpraise.Heisworthyofbeingpraised.Heisworthytobepraised.beworth(doing)sth.beworthyofbeingdone/sthbeworthytobedoneEXERCISES1.1.值得下工夫去学得下工夫去学习一一门外外语。Its _ a foreign language. =Learning a foreign language is worthwhile.=A foreign language is
7、worth learning=A foreign language is worthy to be learned.=A foreign language is worthy of being learned.worthwhiletolearn2.这本书很值得一读。这本书很值得一读。Thebookis_=Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.well worth reading.这位科学家一生都在观察星星。这位科学家一生都在观察星星。Thescientisthasobservedthestarsallhislife.Iobservedastrangergo/goinginto
8、theoffice.我注意到班上有几个学生睡着了。我注意到班上有几个学生睡着了。Iobservedthatseveralstudentswereasleepinclass.3.3.O Observebserve (1)vi.&vt.to(1)vi.&vt.tonotice/watchcarefullynotice/watchcarefully观察察注意到注意到They_thetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.A.sawB.watchedC.noticedD.observedobserve + n./pron./ sb. doing/do sth that
9、-cl B(2)vt.toobey;toactinaccordancewith遵守，顺从遵守，顺从我们必须遵守交通规则。我们必须遵守交通规则。Wemust observethetrafficrules.(3)vt.toholdorcelebrate举行（仪式等）举行（仪式等） 庆祝（节日等）庆祝（节日等）你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗？你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗？Doyouinyourcountry?observeChristmasDay(2008湖北）Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears,manyChinesestill_thetraditionalcustoms.A.pe
10、rformB.possesC.observeD.support()Janespentmanyyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.()Thepoliceobservedthemanenteringthebank.()Whycantyouobservetherulesforallthestudents?11124.argue(vi.)+withsb.about/oversth.同某人辩论某事同某人辩论某事Theyarearguingwiththeirclassmatesaboutthesolutiontotheproblem.他们正在和同学
11、争论这个问题的解决方法他们正在和同学争论这个问题的解决方法。Theyarearguingwitheachotheraboutthejusticeofthewar.他们正在争执战争是否正当。他们正在争执战争是否正当。argue(vt.)+n./clause(从句从句)/sb.tobe我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水。我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水。Weargued他花钱的方式说明他很富有。他花钱的方式说明他很富有。Thewayhespendsmoneythatweshouldbepaidmore.argueshimtoberich.arguefor/against为、为、为反对为反对而辩论
12、而辩论工人们为争取罢工的权力而辩论。工人们为争取罢工的权力而辩论。Theworkersarguedfortherighttostrike.一些人为反对自由贸易辩论。一些人为反对自由贸易辩论。Somepeopleargueagainstfreetrade.5.inspire:鼓舞鼓舞;激发激发;启示启示adj.inspired/inspiringn.inspirationShewasantoallofus.Herspeechmadeus.Wearedeterminedtolearnfromherandtrytodoourjobbetter.inspiringinspiredinspiration
13、Hewasan_poetatthattimeandhis_poemsspreadthroughallthecountry.A.inspired;inspiredB.inspiring;inspiredC.inspired;inspiringD.inspiring;inspiringsupport是个兼类词，可用作动词或名词，且含义丰富，为此，特将其用法归纳如下。一、用作一、用作动词，指，指“支撑、支撑、给某人（物）以某人（物）以积极援助或支极援助或支持持”1支撑，负担(重量)，托；搀扶Isthebridgestrongenoughtosupportheavylorries?Shestoodup
14、,supportingherselfonthearmsofthechair.BillhadtosupportJillorshewouldhavefallentothefloor.2养(家)；维持(生活)；负担(费用)；维持(坏习惯等)Itsdifficultforhimtosupporthimselfonsuchasmallsalary.Air,foodanddrinkarenecessarytosupportlife.Ourschoolissupportedbythegovernment.Hestolefromhismotherssavingstosupporthisdrughabit.3支
15、持，赞成Hisfamilysupportedhiminhisdecision.Shesupportsbirthcontrol.4证实，证明是对的(真的)Hetoldusfactswhichsupportedhisidea.Theseresultssupportmyoriginalidea.二、用作名二、用作名词1.支撑物(可数)Ifyoudontputasupportunderthatroofitwillfalldown.Oneofthesupportsofthebridgecollapsed.2.支柱(可数)Iamtheonlysupportofmyfamily.3.支持(不可数)Thepl
16、anwascancelled(取消)becauseoflackofsupport.IthoughtIdcomeandgiveyoualittlemoral(道义上的)support.4.养家，赡养(不可数)Onhershouldersfallsthesupportofthewholefamily.三、三、习惯用用语和和结构构1insupportof支持，证明(作状语)Heevenmadesomeexperimentsinsupportofhisviews.Hespokeinsupportoftheplan.2cometoonessupport来支持某人Wouldyoucometomysuppo
17、rt?3.supportsb.insth.在某方面支持某人Wesupportthepolicewholeheartedlyintheirworkagainstcrime.1.Hehadalargefamilyto_,sohehadtoworkdayandnight.A.riseB.supplyC.supportD.run2.Moreevidenceneedstobefoundto_yourstatement.A.applytoB.standforC.provideD.support3.Theoldmanwalkedacrossthebridge,withPeter_him.A.supportB
18、.supportsC.supportingD.supported4._greatsupporthewastousallinourtimeofneed.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How5.Canhesupplyanyevidence_hisinnocence(清白无辜)?A.insupportforB.insupportofC.tosupportD.supportingB)用support的适当形式填空。6.Theneckisthe_ofthehead.7.Hewasknockedoutoftheelectionbecauseofalackof_.8.Hehasawifeands
19、ixchildren_.supportsupportto support7.referto的用法1.表示“查阅”或“参考”之意。2.表示“谈到”或“提到”之意。3.表示“适用于”或“涉及到”之意。()ThesebooksrefertoAsianproblems.()Ifyouwanttoknowhistelephonenumber,youmayrefertothetelephonedirectory.()TheoldsoldierreferredtohisexperiencesduringtheLongMarch.()Theseregulationsreferonlytochildren.()
20、Pleasedontrefertohispastagain.21232一、refer.to.的用法1.表示“把提交给”或“把委托给”之意。Tomisgoingtoreferthemattertothemeeting.汤姆打算把这件事提交到会议上去处理。Idontwanttoreferthispatienttoanirresponsibledoctor.我不想把这个病人交给一个不负责的医生。2.表示“使向请教”或“使求助于”之意。IreferredhertoTomforfurtherinformation.我让她到汤姆那儿去询问详情。TheteacherreferredmetoChapterII
21、I.老师叫我去查第三章。3.表示“把归功于”之意。Hereferredhissuccesstothegoodeducationhehadhad.他把他的成功归功于他所受的良好教育。4.表示“认为起源于”之意。TheinventionofthepapermakingisreferredtoChina.造纸术起源于中国。二、referto.as.意为“把称作”。HeisreferredtoasalivingLeiFeng.他被称作是一个活雷锋。4. determination 、determine的用法的用法构词：determinationn.决心，决断，决意；决定，确定搭配：determinet
22、odosth决定做某事determineon/upon(doing)sth决定amanofdetermination有决断力的人4）bedeterminedtodo下定了决心”。【考例】2001京皖春招BeforeSamcanrepairhisbicycle,hemustknowwhyitdoesnotwork.Forexample,hemust_thepartsthatarewrong.A.checkB.determineC.correctD.recover【考例】2009山西Iwalkedoutofthecinema,_IdnevercomebacktothishellofaplaceA.
23、determiningB.decidedC.todetermineD.todecideINTEND.intendvt.(1)想要，打算；企图(2)设计；计划(3)意指；意思足Iintendtogohome.我想回家。Thebookisintendedforbeginners.本书是为初学者编写的。Whatdoyouintendbythatremark?你说这话是什么意思?Isthatwhatyouintended?这是你的原意吗?INTEND词组beintendedto(do)使；是用来beintendedtobe规定为；确定为itisintendedthat企图；意图是intendfor打算
24、供使用；打算送给；打算使成为；想让从事某事intendsbtodosth打算让某人做某事beintended/meantfor专门为专门给havenointentionofdoing无意做withtheintentionof抱有目的，打算withoutintention无意中，不是故意地【考例】1.2004北京Youngerpeopleshouldntbedoingexercises_for18-year-olds.A.usedB.intendedC.madeD.described2.Heintendedthattheplan_putintopracticewithinthisyear.A.w
25、asB.beC.mustbeD.willbe3.He_toyourbirthdayparty,buthismothergotillthatday.A.wouldintendB.hadintendedC.hasintendedD.wouldlike deliver a baby 接生；接生；deliver 传送；送交；为传送；送交；为接生，助产；接生，助产； Letters are delivered every day.1. 信件是每天递送的。信件是每天递送的。(translation)2. As a doctor, she _ three babies every day on average. A.have B.has C.delivers D.delivered怀孕/生孩子；3. She _ her baby on the way to the hospital. A.had B.has C.delivers D.deliveredhave a babyCAEg:
