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1、概概 述述1在复合句中作主句及物动词宾语的句子叫宾语从句。它在复合句中作主句及物动词宾语的句子叫宾语从句。它一般是由从属连词，连接代词或连接副词来引导。它可以作一般是由从属连词，连接代词或连接副词来引导。它可以作动词，介词或某些形容词的宾语。动词，介词或某些形容词的宾语。例如：Hesaidthatheknewyou.他说他认识你。HeaskedmewhyIhadcomehere.他问我为什么来这里。Iaskedhimwhathewanted.我问他要什么。Couldyoutellmeif/whethertheyareallLeaguemembers?你是否能告诉我他们都是团员吗？Iminter
2、estedinwhathehassaid.我对他说的话很感兴趣。2宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态常受到主句中谓语动词时宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态常受到主句中谓语动词时态的影响。因此，要注意保持主句和从句间时态的一致。当态的影响。因此，要注意保持主句和从句间时态的一致。当主句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句的谓语动词可用主句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句的谓语动词可用所需要的任何时态。所需要的任何时态。例如：HesaysthatLilyis(willbe/was)adoctor.他说莉莉是（将要成为/过去是）医生。IlltellyouwhatIamdoing(did/shalldo).或将要告
3、诉你我正在做（过去做/将要做）什么。如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句的时态就比较复杂。在这种复合句中，宾语从句的时态可以有：1）从句的谓语动词表示与主句同时发生的动作，则用过去时或过去进行时。例如：Ithoughthewasold.我认为他老了。Hewantedtoknowwhoshewaswaitingfor.他想知道她在等谁。2）从句的谓语动词表示在主句动作之前完成的动作，则用过去完成时。例如：Hesaidthathefinishedreadingthebook.他说他看完了这本书。3）从句谓语动词表示在主句动作之后发生的动作，则用过去将来时。例如：Shesaidthatshewas
4、goingtobuyanewbikenextweek.她说她下个星期要去买一辆新自行车。Iwasntsureifitwouldrain.我没有把握是否会下雨。4）从句表示普通真理时，其谓语动词用一般现在时。例如：Theteachertoldusthemoontravelsroundtheearth.老师告诉我们，月亮绕地球转。初中阶段学习的宾语从句初中阶段学习的宾语从句在带宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句前面一般要有连词（有的可省略）引导。由由that引出的宾语从句相当于陈述句；引出的宾语从句相当于陈述句；由由whether/if引出的宾语从句相当于一般疑问句；由连接代引出的宾语从句相当于一般疑问
5、句；由连接代词或连接副词引出的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句。词或连接副词引出的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句。但应该注意的是它们的语序都是陈述句语序。语序都是陈述句语序。主句是陈述句时，句末不用问号。1由从属述连词由从属述连词that 引导的宾语从句。在口语和引导的宾语从句。在口语和新正式文体中常省略新正式文体中常省略that。例如：Hesaid(that)hewouldbeback.他说他将回来。Weknew(that)hehadmadeamistake.我们知道他犯了一个错误。在某些be+形容词的结构后面也可以跟that引导的宾语从句。例如：IamsurethatIhavepostedthelett
6、er.我的确把那封信寄了。Iamafraidthatyouareright.恐怕你是对的。2由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句例如：Didyouasktheteacherwhenwewouldhaveatest?你问老师我们什么时候进行测验了吗？Doyouknowwhosechildheis?你知道他是谁的孩子吗？Icantfindoutwhythemachinedoesntworkwell.我不能找出这台机器为什么动转不灵。Doyourememberwhattheteachersaidattheclassmeetingyesterday.你记得老师昨天在班会
7、上说的话吗？Couldyoutellmehowlongitwilltakemetogettothehospitalfromhere?你能告诉我从这里到医院需要多长时间吗？Iwanttoknowwhichmedicinehehastaken.我要知道他服了哪种药。Pleasetellmewhocalledmejustnow.请告诉我刚才谁打电话给我。Idontknowwhomtheyarespeakingto.我不知道他的在跟谁讲话。Heaskedmewheretheywereborn.他问我他们出生在哪里。Doyourememberhowmuchyoupaidforthecoat?你记得你买这
8、件外衣付了多少钱吗？3.由从属连词由从属连词whether 或或if引导的宾语从句，在口引导的宾语从句，在口语中常用语中常用if。例如：Idontknowwhether/ifthisbikeishers.我不知道这辆自行车是否是她的。Canyoutellmewhether/ifyourfatherjoinedthePartyin1990?你能告诉我你父亲是不是1990年入党的？宾语从句应掌握的要点宾语从句应掌握的要点1在三种类型的宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语在三种类型的宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓谓语动词语动词+其它成分，句末用句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用其它成分，句末用
9、句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用问号。问号。2.在带有宾语从句的复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态的呼在带有宾语从句的复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态的呼应。应。1）当主句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态。2）当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种形式。3）从句表示普遍真理时，即使主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时。4）在think,believe等动词引起的宾语从句中，如果否定的是后面的从句，一般要将主句动词改为否定形式，而从句仍然用肯定式。例如：Idontthinkyouareright.我认为你不对。Idon
10、tbelieveshewilltakepartintheEnglishevening.我相信她不会参加英语晚会。三、三、随堂监测随堂监测A组组选择填空选择填空:1.Didyouhear_?A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay2.Canyoutellme_?A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouinC.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass3.-Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_?-Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB
11、.IcangettowhichstationC.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation4.Couldyoutellmewhere_yesterday?A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent5.Tomaskedme_.A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswas6.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_?A.wherestheteachersofficeB.wheresthebusstationC
12、.whatsshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis7.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdontknow_.A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive8.-GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.-ButIdontknow_.A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC.whereishelivingD.helivesthere9.-Canyoutellme_?-Yes,helivesinasmalltown.A.wherehelivesB.whoi
13、ssingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid10.Haveyoudecided_forLondon?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing11.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_ourtickets?A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow12.-Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?-Weareallinterest
14、edin_.A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.howeggfriesD.howdoeseggfry13.Doyouknow_?A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit14.Doyouknow_?A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.whosbookthisis15.Idontknow_now.A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhere、C.wheremycatisD.wheremycat16.Doesheknow_?A.whatsyou
15、rnameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis17.Doyouknow_?A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorhelivesonC.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson18.Canyoutellmewhere_?A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis19.Hehasntdecided_.A.ifhellgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxiC.
16、ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi20.Canyousee_?A.whathesreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat四、四、随堂监测随堂监测B组组中考题集：1.-WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork?-Pardon?-Iasked_.A.whenaretheShutesleavingforNewYorkB.whentheShutesareleavingforNewYorkC.whenweretheShutesleavingforNew
17、YorkD.whentheShuteswereleavingforNewYork2.Couldyoutellme_?Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellhim.A.whereisLiHongB.whereLiHongisC.wherewasLiHongD.whereLiHonghasbeento3.-Couldyoutellme_?A.howmanypeoplehavebeenoutofhospitalB.whenisThanksgivingC.whichanimaldoeshelikebestD.whattimewillthedolphinshowstart4.Iw
18、anttoknow_.A.whatishisnameB.whatshisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis5.Heaskedme_.A.ifshewillcomeB.howmanybooksIwanttohaveC.theywouldhelpusdoitD.whatwaswrongwithme6.Doyoustillremember_atthemeeting?A.thatJimsaidB.whatJimsaidC.didJimsaidthatD.whatdidJimsaid7.-Excuseme,_tothenearestbookshop,please?-Go
19、straightandtakethesecondturningontheleft.A.wherethewayisB.whichthewayisC.whereisthewayD.whichistheway8.Mike,goandseewho_footballontheplayground.A.isplayingB.playsC.playedD.wereplaying9.Thewomanstilldoesntknowwhat_inherhometownwhileshewasaway.A.happensB.happenedC.willhappenD.washappened10.-CanIhelpyo
20、u?-Yes.IdlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme_taketogetthere?A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit11.-Ihearwellhaveanewteacherthisterm.-Really?Doyouknow_?A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.whatsubjectwillheteachC.whatsubjectheteachesD.whatsubjectishegoingtoteach12.Heaskedhisteacher_.A.i
21、ftherewasamonsterinLochNessB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.howwouldthescientistsfindouttheresultD.wherecouldhefindthelibrary13.Doyouknow_overthere?A.whathappensB.whatwashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatdidhappen14.-Doyouknow_wewillarriveatyourhometown?-Thisafternoon.A.whenB.whyC.ifD.where15.Couldyoutellm
22、e_toMountPutuotomorrow?A.howyouwillgoB.howwillyougoC.howyouhavegoneD.howhaveyougone16.Couldyoutellme_?A.whichroomhelivesB.whichroomhelivedC.whichroomdidheliveinD.whichroomhelivesin17.-Doyouknow_heis?-Hesays“1.75metres”,butImnotsure.A.howmanyB.howoldC.howfarD.howtall18.Shesaidshe_mefivelettersinonemo
23、nth.A.haswrittenB.willwriteC.hadwrittenD.wrote19.Canyoutellme_sheiswaitingfor?A.whyB.whoseC.whomD.which20.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether21.-Becareful!Dontbreakthebottles.Doyouhear_Isaid,David?-Yes,mum.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if22.Idliketoknow_.A.whenwillhegivebackthetapeB.whether
24、hashereceivedhighereducationC.thathehasbeenbusyD.whethershewilljoininourEnglishevening23.Couldyoutellme_?A.whenshallwestartB.whoareyouwaitingforC.wherethebusstationisD.whywereyoulate24.-Doyouknow_?Imgoingtoseehim.-Sorry,Idontknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lili
25、ved25.Heaskedme_.A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherewillthe2008Olympicsbeheld26.Shewantedtoknow_hermotherlikedthepresent.A.whichB.thatC.ifD.what27.Couldyoutellme_?A.whoissheB.wheresthenearestfastrestaurantC.ifhewillcometomorrowD.whi
26、chwayistotheundergroundstation28.Doyouknowif_backnextweek?Ifhe_back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.willhecome,willcome29.-Canyoutellmewhy_?-BecauseIwanttohelpthepeoplethere.A.doyougotoTibetB.didyougotoTibetC.areyougoingtoTibetD.youaregoingtoTibet30.-Wheredoes
27、hecomefrom?-Pardon?-Iaskedwhere_.A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom31.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid32.Lilylikes_.A.whathertwinsisterlikeB.whathertwinsisterdoesC.whatishertwinsisterlikeD.whatdoeshertwin
28、sisterdo33.-Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_gettotheplane?-Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.A.howcanweB.howwecanC.whencanweD.whenwecan34.Doyouknowwhattime_?A.doesthetrainleaveB.leavesthetrainC.thetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves35.-Idontknow_Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus?-HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where答案：I.1-5BADDB6-10DCBAB11-15DAABC16-20DBBAAII.1-5DBADD6-10BDABC11-15CACAA16-20DDCCD21-25ADCCC26-30CCCDB31-35ABBDA
