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1、英语句子和变化英语句子和变化1、5、3、6句法系统句法系统高考英语才干的根底高考英语才干的根底言语知识根底言语知识根底20002400 个根本词汇个根本词汇400600个活用词语个活用词语一套以句子为中心，解读句子和造句的语法规那么一套以句子为中心，解读句子和造句的语法规那么根本技艺根底根本技艺根底运用所学的词汇和语法娴熟的解读英语句子和造句的运用所学的词汇和语法娴熟的解读英语句子和造句的才干才干反思与启示反思与启示预备英语高考所要做的全部努力预备英语高考所要做的全部努力, 就是就是, 在结实掌握在结实掌握2000左右单词和左右单词和400左右言语难点左右言语难点, 和一套语法规那么和一套语法
2、规那么的根底上的根底上, 练就一种熟练的逐词逐句地看懂英语文章练就一种熟练的逐词逐句地看懂英语文章,并用英语进展表达的才干并用英语进展表达的才干.1、5、3、6句法系统句法系统一个句子一个句子五种谓语五种谓语三种句子组合三种句子组合六种句子变化六种句子变化祈使句祈使句强调句强调句感慨句感慨句问句问句倒装句倒装句省略句省略句谓语词法系统谓语词法系统人称人称时态时态语态语态情态情态语气语气非谓语词法系统非谓语词法系统主语主语表语表语宾语宾语补语补语状语状语定语定语从句句法系统从句句法系统名词从句名词从句定语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句不定代词不定代词冠词问题冠词问题副词和描画词副词和描画词词语知识
3、词语知识交际对话交际对话英英语语言言语语知知识识调调查查内内容容1、5、3、6句法系统句法系统 一个句子一个句子五种谓语五种谓语三种句子组合三种句子组合六种句子变化六种句子变化祈使句祈使句强调句强调句感慨句感慨句问句问句倒装句倒装句省略句省略句英语只需一个句子英语只需一个句子句子传送的是一个完好的意思句子传送的是一个完好的意思一个完好的意思包括四个部分：一个完好的意思包括四个部分：主题主题内容内容内容修正内容修正词义限定词义限定 一个句子一个句子有四个成有四个成分承载分承载主语主语谓语群谓语群状语状语定语定语15%30%语法知识足以处理句子的解读信息内容信息内容信息修正词义限定词义限定主语be
4、动词V动词表语宾语补语状语定语定语名词信息主题信息主题形状谓语信息内容行为谓语信息内容英语句子有两类五种谓语英语句子有两类五种谓语形状谓语：形状谓语：(1) be动词谓语，也叫动词谓语，也叫“系系表谓语表谓语行为谓语：行为谓语：(2) vi不及物动词谓语，没有宾语的谓语不及物动词谓语，没有宾语的谓语(3) vt及物动词的单宾语谓语，只需一个宾语的谓语及物动词的单宾语谓语，只需一个宾语的谓语(4) vt及物动词的双宾语谓语，有两个宾语的谓语及物动词的双宾语谓语，有两个宾语的谓语(5) vt及物动词的双补语谓语，宾语后带补语的谓语及物动词的双补语谓语，宾语后带补语的谓语形状谓语：形状谓语： be动
5、词谓语，动词谓语， “系系表谓语表谓语名词表语名词表语描画词表语描画词表语数词表语数词表语介词表语介词表语Kunming is the capital city of YunnanKunming City is clean and beautiful.Kunming City is about 200 square kilometers large.Kunming City is in the southwest corner of China. 汉语中描画词、数词、汉语中描画词、数词、介词可以直接做谓语，介词可以直接做谓语，而英语一定要有而英语一定要有be动词、动词、行为谓语行为谓语vi、v
6、t单宾语、单宾语、 vt双宾语、双宾语、vt宾补语谓语宾补语谓语vivi谓语谓语vtvt单宾语单宾语谓语谓语vtvt双宾语双宾语谓语谓语vtvt宾补谓宾补谓语语Li Ming has already gone. Mr. Li teaches Chinese. Mr. Li teaches us Chinese. We all have found English important. 感官动词感官动词: see,hear,find,watch,宾宾补补动动词词常常有有祈使动词祈使动词: make, have, let, ask,断定动词断定动词: regard, consider,及位动词及位
7、动词: put, lay,英语的句子有三种组合方式英语的句子有三种组合方式简单句简单句并列句并列句复合句复合句是只需一个句子构造的句子，是只需一个句子构造的句子，但成分可以并列但成分可以并列 。 是由并列连词并列着假设是由并列连词并列着假设干简单句的一个句子群。干简单句的一个句子群。 . . 是其成分由另一个句子充是其成分由另一个句子充任的句子。而充任一个句任的句子。而充任一个句子成分的句子称之为从句。子成分的句子称之为从句。 简单句简单句是只需一个句子构造的句子，但成是只需一个句子构造的句子，但成分可以并列分可以并列 。 没有并列成分没有并列成分 Li Hua reads English i
8、n the morning. 并列假设并列假设干状语干状语 at a stone table under a big tree in the garden in our school from 10:00 to 11:30 in the morning every Sunday. 并列假并列假设干宾设干宾语语 Chinese, and some poems 并列假并列假设干谓设干谓语语 draws some pictures, does his math homework and 并列假并列假设干主设干主语语 Not only Li Huabut also Gao Ming 简单句简单句是只需
9、一个句子构造的句子，但成是只需一个句子构造的句子，但成分可以并列分可以并列 。 at a stone table under a big tree in the garden in our school from 10:00 to 11:30 in the morningevery Sunday. draws some pictures, does his math homework and Not only Li Hua but also Gao Ming Chinese, and some poemsNot only Li Hua but also Gao Ming draws some
10、pictures, does his math homework and Chinese, and some poems at a stone table under a big tree in the garden in our school from 10:00 to 11:30 in the morning every Sunday. Not only Li Hua but also Gao Ming draws some pictures, does his math homework and Chinese, and some poems at a stone table under
11、 a big tree in the garden in our school from 10:00 to 11:30 in the morning every Sunday. Not only Li Hua but also Gao Ming draws some pictures, does his math homework and Chinese, and some poems at a stone table under a big tree in the garden in our school from 10:00 to 11:30 in the morning every Su
12、nday.并列句由并列连词并列着假设干简单句的并列句由并列连词并列着假设干简单句的一个句子群一个句子群并列并列连词连词and, but, so, for, while, not onlybut also等等 Mr. Smith is an American expert. He works for the people in Kunming . He loves the city and people here. He hates the noises and traffic jams in the downtown. He lives in the countryside after his
13、 work. so，while，and，not onlybut also,hehehedoes he work并列句由并列连词并列着假设干简单句的并列句由并列连词并列着假设干简单句的一个句子群一个句子群Mr. Smith is an American expert, and not only does he work for the people in Kunming, but also he loves the city and people here, while he hates the noises and traffic jams in the downtown, so, he li
14、ves in the countryside after his work. Mr. Smith is an American expert, and not only does he work for the people in Kunming, but also he loves the city and people here, while he hates the noises and traffic jams in the downtown, so, he lives in the countryside after his work. Mr. Smith is an America
15、n expert,and not only does he work for the people in Kunming, but also he loves the city and people here, while he hates the noises and traffic jams in the downtown, so he lives in the countryside after his work. 复合句成分由另一个句子充任的句复合句成分由另一个句子充任的句子。而充任一个句子成分的句子称子。而充任一个句子成分的句子称之为从句之为从句Mrs. Green works in
16、 a big company .Mrs. Green got to the office yesterday morning. She saw a terrible thing .Her boss, Mr. Foss, was dead on the floor. that When, , ,who,复合句成分由另一个句子充任的句复合句成分由另一个句子充任的句子。而充任一个句子成分的句子称子。而充任一个句子成分的句子称之为从句之为从句When Mrs. Green ,who works in a big company, got to the office yesterday morning,
17、 She saw that her boss, Mr. Foss, was dead on the floor. When Mrs. Green , who works in a big company, got to the office yesterday morning, she saw that her boss, Mr. Foss, was dead on the floor. 复合句成分由另一个句子充任复合句成分由另一个句子充任的句子。而充任一个句子成分的句子。而充任一个句子成分的句子称之为从句的句子称之为从句信息内容信息内容信息修正词义限定词义限定谓语补语名词Shebe动词saw
18、表语宾语That her boss, Mr. Foss， was dead on the floorWhen Miss Green got to the office early yesterday morning，Who works in a big company，定语Miss Green,信息主题信息主题主语状语定语解读句子就是用语法提取句子中解读句子就是用语法提取句子中的四个要素的四个要素整合成完好的意思整合成完好的意思 信息内容信息内容信息修正词义限定词义限定主语be动词V动词表语宾语补语状语定语定语名词信息主题信息主题形状谓语信息内容行为谓语信息内容解读句子的普通规律是解读句子的普
19、通规律是信息内容信息内容信息修正词义限定词义限定主语be动词V动词表语宾语补语状语定语定语名词信息主题信息主题形状谓语信息内容行为谓语信息内容1找到谓语确定信息内容找到谓语确定信息内容2找到主语确定信息主题找到主语确定信息主题3找到状语确定信息成立的条件找到状语确定信息成立的条件4找到定语以确定某个名词的准确意义找到定语以确定某个名词的准确意义复杂句子解读的普通规律是复杂句子解读的普通规律是谓语Shesaw 宾语That her boss, Mr. Foss， was dead on the floorWhen Miss Green got to the office early yester
20、day morning，Who works in a big company，主语 状语 定语找到主句及其谓语。找到主句及其谓语。主句是复杂句中主句是复杂句中不带衔接词的句子不带衔接词的句子When Mrs. Green , who works in a big company, got to the office yesterday morning, she saw that her boss, Mr. Foss, was dead on the floor.When Mrs. Green , who works in a big company, got to the office yes
21、terday morning, she saw that her boss, Mr. Foss, was dead on the floor. 解读句子的普通规律是1找到谓语确定信息内容2找到主语确定信息主题3找到状语确定信息成立的条件4找到定语以确定某个名词的准确意义 解读复杂句子的普通规律是 解读句子的关键是找到主句的谓语。主句是复杂句中不带衔接词的句子. 谓语动词的构成有规律可寻 谓语总是由 “不同时态、语态、情态、语气的助动词 + 实义动词的不同方式构成。LOS ANGELESTen years after stunning the sports world by announcing
22、 he had contracted the virus that causes AIDS, retired basketball legend Magic Johnson is happy, healthy and coping with HIV.LOS ANGELESTen years after stunning the sports world by announcing he had contracted the virus that causes AIDS, retired basketball legend Magic Johnson is happy, healthy and
23、coping with HIV.信息主题主语信息主题主语Magic Johnson 信信息息内内容容谓谓语语is happy, healthy and coping with HIV 信息修正状语信息修正状语 Los Angeles The years after stunning the sports world by 词义限定定语词义限定定语retired basketball legend-Magic Johnsonthat causes AIDS-The virusThe old English teacher who retired ten years ago will give u
24、s a talk on how to study English well when he is free next week.主题主语主题主语The old English teacher内容谓语内容谓语will give us a talk 内容修正状语内容修正状语when he is free next week 词义限定定语词义限定定语who retired ten years ago-The old English teacheron how to study English well-A talk It was the space available in the garden t
25、hat led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake. 主题主语主题主语 the space 内内容容谓谓语语 led me into planting just one little tomato 词义限定定语词义限定定语available in the garden - the space六种句子变化六种句子变化祈使句、强调句、感慨句、问句、倒装句、省略句祈使句、强调句、感慨句、问句、倒装句、省略句祈使句发出使动信息的句子祈使句发出使动信息的句子强调句对某个成分强调的句子强调句对某个成分强调的句子感慨句对某
26、个词语感慨的句子感慨句对某个词语感慨的句子问句有问题寻求回答的句子问句有问题寻求回答的句子倒装句成分倒置的句子倒装句成分倒置的句子省略句省略了一些部分的句子省略句省略了一些部分的句子普通问句、特殊问句、选择问句、反问句普通问句、特殊问句、选择问句、反问句部分倒装、全部倒装、内容倒装部分倒装、全部倒装、内容倒装学习目的学习目的 掌握句子变化的规那么，并能有效解读掌握句子变化的规那么，并能有效解读变化了的句子变化了的句子 五短文改错五短文改错 六书面表达六书面表达 1 1看好之：看清看懂标题要求看好之：看清看懂标题要求 2 2想好之：仔细想好再动口动笔想好之：仔细想好再动口动笔 3 3口述之：说到
27、朗朗上口才动笔口述之：说到朗朗上口才动笔4 4慎写之：字斟句酌慎写之：字斟句酌5 5校改之：仔细校验和改错校改之：仔细校验和改错6 6朗诵之：找出拗口和不照射之处朗诵之：找出拗口和不照射之处7 7抄好之：仔细誊写抄好之：仔细誊写 书面表达得分要素书面表达得分要素1 1字迹清秀，书写工整。字迹清秀，书写工整。2 2要点齐全，内容丰满。要点齐全，内容丰满。3 3言语正确，表达流畅。言语正确，表达流畅。4 4层次清楚，词语丰富。层次清楚，词语丰富。5 5首尾出彩，具有亮点。首尾出彩，具有亮点。高高高高考考考考英英英英语语语语，以以以以言言言言语语语语接接接接受受受受才才才才干干干干为为为为测测测测试
28、试试试重重重重点点点点，兼兼兼兼顾顾顾顾适适适适当当当当的的的的表表表表达达达达才才才才干干干干和和和和言言言言语语语语知知知知识识识识，是是是是一一一一种种种种着着着着重重重重调调调调查查查查学学学学生生生生用英语获取信息的才干的考试。用英语获取信息的才干的考试。用英语获取信息的才干的考试。用英语获取信息的才干的考试。预预预预备备备备英英英英语语语语高高高高考考考考所所所所要要要要做做做做的的的的全全全全部部部部努努努努力力力力, , , , 就就就就是是是是, , , , 在在在在结结结结实实实实掌掌掌掌握握握握2000200020002000左左左左右右右右单单单单词词词词和和和和400
29、400400400左左左左右右右右言言言言语语语语难难难难点点点点, , , , 和和和和一一一一套套套套语语语语法法法法规规规规那那那那么么么么的的的的根根根根底底底底上上上上, , , , 练练练练就就就就一一一一种种种种熟熟熟熟练练练练的的的的逐逐逐逐词词词词逐逐逐逐句句句句地地地地看懂英语文章看懂英语文章看懂英语文章看懂英语文章, , , ,并用英语进展表达的才干。并用英语进展表达的才干。并用英语进展表达的才干。并用英语进展表达的才干。积积积积累累累累足足足足够够够够的的的的词词词词汇汇汇汇，结结结结实实实实掌掌掌掌握握握握2000200020002000左左左左右右右右单单单单词词词
30、词和和和和600600600600左左左左右难点，词汇决议一切。右难点，词汇决议一切。右难点，词汇决议一切。右难点，词汇决议一切。熟熟熟熟练练练练掌掌掌掌握握握握中中中中心心心心主主主主干干干干语语语语法法法法，练练练练就就就就娴娴娴娴熟熟熟熟解解解解读读读读句句句句子子子子和和和和正正正正确造句的才干。确造句的才干。确造句的才干。确造句的才干。用用用用正正正正确确确确的的的的方方方方法法法法坚坚坚坚持持持持大大大大量量量量的的的的听听听听读读读读写写写写的的的的训训训训练练练练，特特特特别别别别是是是是阅读训练，量变引起量变，多读自巧。阅读训练，量变引起量变，多读自巧。阅读训练，量变引起量变，多读自巧。阅读训练，量变引起量变，多读自巧。 假设把英语当成一幢八假设把英语当成一幢八层高的大楼，同窗们六层高的大楼，同窗们六年寒窗苦读至少也有三年寒窗苦读至少也有三到四层的英语积累和程到四层的英语积累和程度，而高考英语充其量度，而高考英语充其量只到二、三层。各位考只到二、三层。各位考生要有自信心去面对高生要有自信心去面对高考英语，去争取本人最考英语，去争取本人最好的成果。好的成果。
