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1、Small Quiz（小游戏）（小游戏）Lead-inLead-in Lets do a small quiz to distinguish the Lets do a small quiz to distinguish the national flags of different countries, and national flags of different countries, and find out the languages spoken in these find out the languages spoken in these countries.countries.
2、English Around the WorldtheUSAtheUSACanadaCanadaNewZealandNewZealandAustraliaAustraliaSouthAfricaSouthAfricatheUnitedKingdomtheUnitedKingdomIrelandIreland IndiaIndia AustraliaCanada IndiaIrelandNew ZealandSouth AfricaThe U.S.A.SingaporeGreat BritainEnglishlanguageanditsdevelopment.Englishlanguageand
3、itsdevelopment.differentkindsofEnglishdifferentkindsofEnglishLearning GoalsLearning GoalsKnowledgeGoalsTopicWordsandExpressionsWords:elevatorelevator officialofficial voyagevoyage nativenative apartmentactuallybasegradualapartmentactuallybasegradualidentityidentity fluentfluent frequentfrequent comm
4、andcommand requestexpressionSpanisheasternrequestexpressionSpanisheasternrecognizeaccentstraightblockrecognizeaccentstraightblockinwaysinways在在在在方面方面方面方面 suchassuchas例如例如例如例如believeitornotbelieveitornot信不信由你信不信由你信不信由你信不信由你comeupwithcomeupwith提出提出提出提出comeuptoaplacecomeuptoaplace参观某地参观某地参观某地参观某地 everb
5、eforeeverbefore从前从前从前从前evenif/thoughevenif/though即使即使即使即使attheendofattheendof在在在在末期末期末期末期bebasedonbebasedon在在在在. .基础上基础上基础上基础上closetocloseto距离距离距离距离近近近近changeintochangeinto把把把把变成变成变成变成 intheearlydaysintheearlydays在早期在早期在早期在早期takewithtakewith随身携带随身携带随身携带随身携带 thesameasthesameas与与与与相同的相同的相同的相同的atpresen
6、tatpresent目前目前目前目前Expressions:DifficultiesinlanguagecommunicationDifficultiesinlanguagecommunicationDirectandIndirectSpeechDirectandIndirectSpeechRequestsandDemandsRequestsandDemandsFunctionalItems GrammarEnable to know more about the differences Enable to know more about the differences between var
7、ious English.between various English.Develop the ability of learning English through Develop the ability of learning English through different ways, such as reading newspapers, different ways, such as reading newspapers, magazines and books, surfing the Internet, etc.magazines and books, surfing the
8、 Internet, etc.Have a positive attitude towards different culture.Have a positive attitude towards different culture.Understand more phrasal and idioms of different Understand more phrasal and idioms of different English.English.AbilityGoalsEmotionGoals1.TrytogetmoreinformationaboutdifferentTrytoget
9、moreinformationaboutdifferentEnglish.English.2.Theusageofdirectandindirectspeech.Theusageofdirectandindirectspeech.3.TrytousethesentencesthatcanexpressTrytousethesentencesthatcanexpressrequestsanddemands.requestsanddemands.ImportantandDifficultPointsImportantPoints1.Trytounderstandthedifferencesbetw
10、eenTrytounderstandthedifferencesbetweennativeEnglishandforeigncultures,aswellasnativeEnglishandforeigncultures,aswellasthebackgroundsofdifferentdevelopmentofthebackgroundsofdifferentdevelopmentoftheircultures.theircultures.2.TrytodeveloptheabilityofspeakingEnglish.TrytodeveloptheabilityofspeakingEng
11、lish.DifficultPointsWhats the difference between A.E and B.E?DoyouknowVOA?DoyouknowBBC?(VoiceofAmerica)(BritishBroadcastingCorporation)A. E: American EnglishB. E: British English Warming Up Warming Up笑笑话话一一则则A: Do you like A: Do you like moving picturesmoving pictures? ?B: Well. Yeah. Why not?B: Wel
12、l. Yeah. Why not?A: Ok, follow me .A: Ok, follow me .B: what?B: what?A: Lets go downstairs to move A: Lets go downstairs to move the pictures.the pictures.B: Oh, oh.B: Oh, oh.Movingpictures:movies:Movingpictures:movies:美国的旧时用法美国的旧时用法美国的旧时用法美国的旧时用法SomedifferentwordsinA.E.andBE.Am. EnglishAm. EnglishB
13、r. EnglishBr. Englishelevatorelevatorliftliftfallfallautumnautumnfirst floorfirst floorground floorground floorcandycandysweetsweetcheckcheckbillbillapartmentapartmentflatflatsubwaysubwayunderground underground railwayrailway1. With your partner, list the countries that 1. With your partner, list th
14、e countries that use English as an official language.use English as an official language.2. Which country do you think has the 2. Which country do you think has the most English learners?most English learners?3. Look at the title of the following passage 3. Look at the title of the following passage
15、 and guess what it is about. Then read it and guess what it is about. Then read it quickly and see if you are right.quickly and see if you are right. Pre-reading Pre-reading 1. Fast read the passage then try to answer :How does the modern English develop?How does the modern English develop?Why there
16、 are so many kinds of EnglishWhy there are so many kinds of English？2. Listen to the tape ReadingReading3. Do the exercise 1 on page 10, then give the reason that the sentence is wrong?1.Englishhadthemostspeakersinthe171.Englishhadthemostspeakersinthe17ththcentury.century.2.Englishdevelopedwhennewse
17、ttlersandrulers2.EnglishdevelopedwhennewsettlersandrulerscametoBritaincametoBritain3.Languagesfrequentlychange.3.Languagesfrequentlychange.4.Thelanguageofthegovernmentisalwaysthe4.Thelanguageofthegovernmentisalwaysthelanguageofthecountry.languageofthecountry.(F)(T)(F)(F)Answer1.Becauseafterthe171.Be
18、causeafterthe17ththcentury,morepeoplecentury,morepeoplebegantospeakEnglishasaresultofEnglishbegantospeakEnglishasaresultofEnglishconqueringotherpartsoftheworld.conqueringotherpartsoftheworld.3.Becauselanguagesdontchangeoftenbutonly3.Becauselanguagesdontchangeoftenbutonlywhenpeoplecomeintoclosecontac
19、t.whenpeoplecomeintoclosecontact.4.Becausethegovernmenthastousethelanguage4.Becausethegovernmenthastousethelanguageofthecountrytoruleit.ofthecountrytoruleit.5.Englishisoneoftheofficiallanguagesusedin5.EnglishisoneoftheofficiallanguagesusedinIndia.India.6.Thisreadingpassagedescribesthedevelopment6.Th
20、isreadingpassagedescribesthedevelopmentofEnglishlanguage.ofEnglishlanguage.(T)(T)The list of development of EnglishDuringthe5Duringthe5ththcenturyADcenturyADBasedonmoreGermanBasedonmoreGermanBetweenaboutAD800andBetweenaboutAD800and11501150LikemoreDanishandLikemoreDanishandFrenchFrenchBythe1600sBythe
21、1600sShakespeareusedaShakespeareusedawidervocabularythanwidervocabularythaneverbeforeeverbefore16201620BritishsettlersmovedtoBritishsettlersmovedtoAmericaninthe“Mayflower”Americaninthe“Mayflower”Fromthe18Fromthe18ththcenturycenturyBritishcolonizedBritishcolonizedAustraliaAustralia1765-19471765-1947E
22、nglishspokeninIndiaEnglishspokeninIndiaBythe19Bythe19ththcenturycenturyDictionariesstandardizedthespellingofEnglishRead the text for the third timeRead the text for the third timeWhilereadingworkwithyourWhilereadingworkwithyour partnersandmakepartnersandmakeamapoftheEnglishspokencountriesyouveamapof
23、theEnglishspokencountriesyouvelearnedinthepassage,ifnecessaryyoumayreferlearnedinthepassage,ifnecessaryyoumayrefertothemessageontheinternet.Thenanswerthetothemessageontheinternet.Thenanswerthequestion3onpage10.question3onpage10.Why do many people speak English?Why do many people speak English? Infer
24、red answer from the text: Inferred answer from the text: England was strong and made voyages to England was strong and made voyages to conquer other parts of the world.conquer other parts of the world. Britain ruled some countries and taught Britain ruled some countries and taught them English.them
25、English. What other factors affected the use of What other factors affected the use of language?language?internationalroleinternationalroleeconomicdevelopmenteconomicdevelopmentdevelopmentofdemocracydevelopmentofdemocracytheimageintheworldtheimageintheworldculturaldevelopmentculturaldevelopment From
26、 the above aspects try to answer From the above aspects try to answer the second question by yourself.the second question by yourself.The development of EnglishWhenJuliusCaesar,latertobeRomanEmperor,WhenJuliusCaesar,latertobeRomanEmperor,invadedBritaininBC54-5,the“invadedBritaininBC54-5,the“CelticCe
27、ltic”tribeslived”tribeslivedintheBritishIsles.TheirCelticlanguagesintheBritishIsles.TheirCelticlanguagesstillstillsurvivesurviveas“Gaelic”inScotland&Ireland,“Welsh”,as“Gaelic”inScotland&Ireland,“Welsh”,inWales,and“Manx”intheIsleofMan,aswellasinWales,and“Manx”intheIsleofMan,aswellas“Breton”inFrance.“
28、Breton”inFrance.TheRomansbroughtLatintoBritain,TheRomansbroughtLatintoBritain,whichwaswhichwaspartoftheRomanEmpirepartoftheRomanEmpireforover400years.Butforover400years.ButearlyEnglishdidnotdevelopmainlyfromLatin.earlyEnglishdidnotdevelopmainlyfromLatin.BackgroundBackground InInADAD 878,theVikingsin
29、vadedBritainfrom878,theVikingsinvadedBritainfromScandinavia,bringingwiththemtheNorseScandinavia,bringingwiththemtheNorselanguage,thoughthiswassimilartotheoldlanguage,thoughthiswassimilartotheoldEnglishorAnglo-Saxonlanguagealreadyused.EnglishorAnglo-Saxonlanguagealreadyused.ThedramaticarrivaloftheNor
30、manarmyfromThedramaticarrivaloftheNormanarmyfromFrance,ledbyKingWilliamtheConquerorinFrance,ledbyKingWilliamtheConquerorin1066,andthedefeatoftheEnglishKingHarold1066,andthedefeatoftheEnglishKingHaroldattheBattleofHastings,broughtverybigattheBattleofHastings,broughtverybigchangestoEnglishlife.TheNorm
31、ansbroughtchangestoEnglishlife.TheNormansbroughtwiththemtheOldFrenchlanguage,whichwiththemtheOldFrenchlanguage,whichBackgroundBackgroundbecamethelanguageoftheRoyalCourt,andthebecamethelanguageoftheRoyalCourt,andtherulingandbusinessclass.SoitisunlikeFrench,rulingandbusinessclass.SoitisunlikeFrench,Sp
32、anishandItalian,whichdidcomedirectlyfromSpanishandItalian,whichdidcomedirectlyfromLatin.“EarlyEnglish”wasthelanguageoftribesLatin.“EarlyEnglish”wasthelanguageoftribeswhoinvadedfromtheEast,fromwhatisnowwhoinvadedfromtheEast,fromwhatisnowGermany.TheyspokedifferentdialectsofaGermany.Theyspokedifferentd
33、ialectsofa“Germanic”language,fromwhichmodernGerman“Germanic”language,fromwhichmodernGermandeveloped.developed.ThisexplainswhyGermanandEnglishThisexplainswhyGermanandEnglishareoftensimilar,asmanyoftheirwordsdevelopedareoftensimilar,asmanyoftheirwordsdevelopedfromthesameoriginallanguage.fromthesameori
34、ginallanguage. BackgroundBackgroundDifferencesinvocabularyusagegotothepicturesgotothemoviesundergroundsubwayliftelevatorinateamonateamrubbereraserflatapartmentlorrytruckpetrolgas B.EA.EJames A.H. murrayJames A.H. murrayNoah WebsterNoah WebsterNoah WebsterNoah WebsterSamuel JohnsonSamuel JohnsonTheIn
35、troductionofJamesA.H.MurrayJamesAugustusHenryMurray(7February183726July1915)wasaScottishlexicographerandphilologist.HewastheprimaryeditoroftheOxford English Dictionaryfrom1879untilhisdeath. AsayoungmanMurrayworkedasaschoolmasterandabankclerk,butalwaysmaintainedastronginterestinotherfields,particular
36、lyphilology.In1879hewasinvitedbyOxfordUniversityPresstoeditthenewEnglishdictionarywhichhadbeenproposedbythePhilologicalSociety.TheIntroductionofNoahWebsterNoahWebster(16October,175828May,1843)wasanAmericanlexicographer,textbookauthor,spellingreformer,wordenthusiast,andeditor.Hehasbeencalledthe“Fathe
37、rofAmericanScholarshipandEducation.”His“Blue-BackedSpeller”bookswereusedtoteachspellingandreadingtofivegenerationsofAmericanchildren.IntheUnitedStates,hisnamehasbecomesynonymouswithdictionaries,especiallythemodernMerriam-Websterdictionarythatwasfirstpublishedin1828asAn American Dictionary of the Eng
38、lish Language.TheIntroductionofSamuelJohnsonSamuelJohnson(18September170913December1784),oftenreferredtoasDr.Johnson,wasanEnglishauthorwhomadelastingcontributionstoEnglishliteratureasapoet,essayist,moralist,novelist,literarycritic,biographer,editorandlexicographer.JohnsonwasadevoutAnglicanandpolitic
39、alconservative,andhasbeendescribedasarguablythemostdistinguishedmanoflettersinEnglishhistory.Heisalsothesubjectofthemostfamoussingleworkofbiographicalartinthewholeofliterature:JamesBoswellsLifeofSamuelJohnson.The American Dictionary of The American Dictionary of the English Languages the English Lan
40、guages Journey,voyage,trip,tour,travel的用法区别的用法区别 1. 1. 1. 1. journeyjourneyjourneyjourney指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离上的远距离上的远距离上的远距离“旅行旅行旅行旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的，有时也可以表示经常走的，有时也可以表示经常走的，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的或长或短的或长或短的或长或短的“路程路程路程路程”。只作名词。例如：。只作名词。例如：。只作名词。例如：。只作名词。例如： E.g.Howlon
41、gisyourjourneytoschool?E.g.Howlongisyourjourneytoschool?Onlyabout10minutes.Onlyabout10minutes. 2. 2. 2. 2. voyagevoyagevoyagevoyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行意思为指空中旅行意思为指空中旅行意思为指空中旅行意思为“航海、航空、航行航海、航空、航行航海、航空、航行航海、航空、航行”等。只等。只等。只等。只作名词。例如：作名词。例如：作名词。例如：作名词。例如： E.
42、g.Sheusuallygetsseasickduringthevoyage.E.g.Sheusuallygetsseasickduringthevoyage.TheymadeavoyageacrossthePacificbyair.TheymadeavoyageacrossthePacificbyair. 3. 3. 3. 3. triptriptriptrip 一般指时间短、距离近的一般指时间短、距离近的一般指时间短、距离近的一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远旅行、远旅行、远旅行、远足足足足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替，也可以指长途旅行。
43、在非正式用语中可代替，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替journeyjourneyjourneyjourney。只作名词。例如：。只作名词。例如：。只作名词。例如：。只作名词。例如： E.g.WemadeaboattriptotheislandlastweekE.g.Wemadeaboattriptotheislandlastweekandhadagoodtime.andhadagoodtime.4.4.4.4. tour tour tour tour 着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“ “（周游各地
44、的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、视察、购物、演出视察、购物、演出视察、购物、演出视察、购物、演出” ”等意思。可作动词和名词。等意思。可作动词和名词。等意思。可作动词和名词。等意思。可作动词和名词。例如：例如：例如：例如： E.g.Iwilltourtheworldinthefuture.E.g.Iwilltourtheworldinthefuture.Myfatherhasgonedown-townonashoppingtour.Myfatherhasgonedown-tow
45、nonashoppingtour. 5. 5. 5. 5. traveltraveltraveltravel作作作作“旅行、游历旅行、游历旅行、游历旅行、游历”解，一般表示从解，一般表示从解，一般表示从解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的远距离的远距离的远距离的“旅行旅行旅行旅行”。尤指出国旅行。可作动词和。尤指出国旅行。可作动词和。尤指出国旅行。可作动词和。尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。其复数形式意思为名词。其复数形式意思为名词。其复数形式
46、意思为名词。其复数形式意思为“旅游笔记旅游笔记旅游笔记旅游笔记”、“游记游记游记游记”。例如：。例如：。例如：。例如： E.g.E.g.Atpresent,manypeoplearefondoftravelinAtpresent,manypeoplearefondoftravelintheirsparetime.theirsparetime.IamreadingabookaboutthetraveltoNorthIamreadingabookaboutthetraveltoNorthPole.Pole.Theycamehomeafteryearsofforeigntravel.Theycame
47、homeafteryearsofforeigntravel.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Lighttravelsfasterthansound. 1.1.BecauseofBecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokenthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanycountries.inmanycountries.because&becauseof:因为，由于因为，由于(1)Becauseyouareconcernedaboutme,Ifind(1)Becauseyouareconcernedaboutme,Ifindt
48、hatlifeisfullofhope.thatlifeisfullofhope.(2)Becauseofyourconcern,Ifindthatlifeis(2)Becauseofyourconcern,Ifindthatlifeisfullofhope.fullofhope.因为你的关心，我发现生活充满了希望。因为你的关心，我发现生活充满了希望。因为你的关心，我发现生活充满了希望。因为你的关心，我发现生活充满了希望。(1)Because(1)Becauseitrainedheavilyitrainedheavily,theboywentback,theboywentbackhomethr
49、oughthewoods.homethroughthewoods.(2)Because(2)Becauseoftheheavyrainoftheheavyrain,theboywent,theboywentbackhomethroughthewoods.backhomethroughthewoods.因为雨下得很大，那个男孩穿过树林回家了。因为雨下得很大，那个男孩穿过树林回家了。因为雨下得很大，那个男孩穿过树林回家了。因为雨下得很大，那个男孩穿过树林回家了。2.2.ActuallyActually,itwas,itwasbasedbasedmoremoreononGermanthanGerma
50、nthanpresentdayEnglish.presentdayEnglish.(1)Actually:(1)Actually:事实上，实际上事实上，实际上事实上，实际上事实上，实际上advadv(2)be.basedon:(2)be.basedon:以以以以.为基础为基础为基础为基础扩充：扩充：扩充：扩充：Itis+adj+of/forsbtodosthItis+adj+of/forsbtodosth当句式中形容词修饰当句式中形容词修饰当句式中形容词修饰当句式中形容词修饰todosthtodosth时用时用时用时用for;for;若形容词修饰若形容词修饰若形容词修饰若形容词修饰sbsb，则
51、用，则用，则用，则用ofof。E.g.Itskindofyoutohelpmecarrythebox.E.g.Itskindofyoutohelpmecarrythebox.3.thereis3.thereismoremorethanonekindofEnglishinthethanonekindofEnglishintheworld.world.morethanone+morethanone+单数可数名词，作主语时，单数可数名词，作主语时，单数可数名词，作主语时，单数可数名词，作主语时，谓语用单数。谓语用单数。谓语用单数。谓语用单数。 4.4.ItisnoteasyforItisnoteas
52、yforaChinesepersontospeakaChinesepersontospeakEnglishaswellasanativeEnglishspeaker.EnglishaswellasanativeEnglishspeaker.对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。句型：句型：句型：句型：Itis+adj/n+forsbtodosthItis+adj/n+forsbt
53、odosth对对对对于某人来说做某事是于某人来说做某事是于某人来说做某事是于某人来说做某事是ItisdifficultforhimtowalksolongintheItisdifficultforhimtowalksolongintherain.rain.对他而言，在雨中走了这么久是很不容对他而言，在雨中走了这么久是很不容对他而言，在雨中走了这么久是很不容对他而言，在雨中走了这么久是很不容易的。易的。易的。易的。 Learning about Language Learning about Language Words1.officialn. 行政官员行政官员 ThePresidentandt
54、heSecretaryofStatearegovernmentofficials. 总统和国务卿是政府官员。总统和国务卿是政府官员。adj. 公务的公务的, , 公职的公职的, , 职权的职权的 Hisofficialdutieskepthimbusy. 公务使他繁忙不堪。公务使他繁忙不堪。官方的官方的, , 正式的正式的, , 官方认可的官方认可的 Theyhavegotsomeofficialfiguresaboutthepopulation. 他们得到一些关于人口的官方数字。他们得到一些关于人口的官方数字。2.native adj. 出生地的出生地的, , 故乡的故乡的, , 本国的本国
55、的 Attheendoftheyearsomepeoplewillgobacktotheirnativehomes. 年终时年终时, , 有些人要回故乡去。有些人要回故乡去。 当地当地( (人人) )的的; ; 原产于某地的原产于某地的 ThepandaisnativetoWestChina. 熊猫产于中国西部。熊猫产于中国西部。 天生的天生的, , 有天赋的有天赋的 Theabilitytoswimisnativetofish. 鱼生来就会游泳。鱼生来就会游泳。n. 当地人当地人, , 本地人本地人 Areyouanative,orjustavisitor? 你是本地人还是外来人你是本地人还
56、是外来人? ?3.frequentadj. 时常发生的时常发生的, , 常见的常见的 Researchisalsoadvancedbyfrequentconferencetoexchangeexperience. 经常开会交流经验也促进了研究工作的发经常开会交流经验也促进了研究工作的发展。展。Trafficaccidentsarealarminglyfrequentoflate. 近来交通事故频繁得吓人。近来交通事故频繁得吓人。vt 常到常到, , 光顾光顾, , 常与常与交往交往 Hefrequentsthelocalrestaurants. 他经常光顾当地的餐馆。他经常光顾当地的餐馆。ma
57、ndn. 命令命令Thegeneralissuedacommandthatallofthemshouldcomeatsixoclock. 将军颁布了一道命令将军颁布了一道命令, , 所有的人都要在六所有的人都要在六点钟到。点钟到。指挥指挥, , 控制控制 Thearmyisunderthekingsdirectcommand. 军队由国王直接统帅。军队由国王直接统帅。掌握掌握; ; 运用力运用力, , 控制力控制力 HehasagoodcommandofFrench. 他的法文很好。他的法文很好。部队部队, , 兵团兵团; ; 指挥部指挥部 DoyouknowwherestheUnitedNa
58、tionsCommand? 你知道联合国部队司令部在什么地方吗你知道联合国部队司令部在什么地方吗? ?vi. 指挥指挥; ; 控制控制 Youhavenorighttocommand. 你没有权利指挥。你没有权利指挥。vt. 命令命令Hecommandedthatmangoatonce. 他命令那个人马上走。他命令那个人马上走。掌握掌握, ,支配支配 Thecaptainofashipcommandsalltheofficersandmen. 舰长统率舰上的全体官兵。舰长统率舰上的全体官兵。MorphologyActualActualGradualGradualFluentFluentFreq
59、uentFrequentofficialofficialActuallyActuallyGraduallyGraduallyFluentlyFluentlyFrequentlyFrequentlyofficiallyofficially形容词形容词形容词形容词副副副副词词词词developdevelopmovemoveimproveimproveArrangeArrangemanagemanage developmentdevelopmentMovementMovementimprovementimprovementArrangementArrangementManagementManagem
60、ent动词动词动词动词 名词名词名词名词 Eeup 上来上来; ; 走近走近 Whileweweretalking,amancameup. 我们正在谈话时我们正在谈话时, , 一个人走了过来。一个人走了过来。 发生发生Iexpectsomethingtocomeupsoon. 我预料很快就要出事的。我预料很快就要出事的。 升起升起; ; 长出来长出来; ; 响起响起, , 刮起刮起 Theskywasdarkblueandclearwhenthemooncameup. 月亮出来时月亮出来时, , 天空是深蓝色的天空是深蓝色的, , 非常晴非常晴朗。朗。开庭开庭 Animportantwitne
61、sswasabsentwhenthecasecameup. 开庭时开庭时, , 有个重要的证人没有出席有个重要的证人没有出席。显露光泽显露光泽, , 开始发光开始发光 Thesilverhascomeupbeautifully. 那银器显露出美丽的光泽。那银器显露出美丽的光泽。 提到提到, , 提及提及 Theprojectcameupintheirconversation. 他们在谈话中提到了这项工程。他们在谈话中提到了这项工程。2.playapartin在在中起作用中起作用 Womenplayaveryimportantpartinsocialistconstruction.妇女在社会主义
62、建设中起着很重要的作妇女在社会主义建设中起着很重要的作 用。用。 Inaplaysingingandactingplayanimportantpart. 在戏剧中唱和表演起很重要的作用。在戏剧中唱和表演起很重要的作用。 3.makeuseof使用，利用使用，利用Weshouldmakeuseofthechance. 我们应该利用机会。我们应该利用机会。Wastematerialmustismakefulluseof.废弃材料必须充分利用。废弃材料必须充分利用。4.atpresent目前目前, , 现在现在Thatfirmislookingforanewaccountant.Atpresentt
63、hesalarytheywillofferhasbeenleftopen. 那家公司正在物色一位新的会计那家公司正在物色一位新的会计, , 工工 资多少尚未确定。资多少尚未确定。Heisallrightatpresent. 现在他没事了。现在他没事了。5.becauseof因为因为, , 由于由于 Itwasbecauseofthejobthathehadtakentheflat. 他因为工作的原因租了那套公寓。他因为工作的原因租了那套公寓。Sheisherebecauseofme. 她是因为我而到这里来的。她是因为我而到这里来的。1.in/on1.in/on2.at/on2.at/on3.p
64、ast/after3.past/after4.in/on4.in/on5.From/than5.From/than6.in/on6.in/onB.E:inA.E:onB.E:inA.E:onB.E:atA.E:onB.E:atA.E:onB.E:pastA.E:afterB.E:pastA.E:afterB.E:inA.E:onB.E:inA.E:onB.E:fromA.E:thanB.E:fromA.E:thanB.E:inA.E:onB.E:inA.E:onDo the exercise 4 on page 11 try to Do the exercise 4 on page 11 tr
65、y to make a difference between the B.E make a difference between the B.E and A.E.and A.E.Some English proverbsAllgoodthingscometoanend.Allgoodthingscometoanend.天下没有不散的筵席。天下没有不散的筵席。天下没有不散的筵席。天下没有不散的筵席。 Allriversrunintosea.Allriversrunintosea.海纳百川。海纳百川。海纳百川。海纳百川。 AllroadsleadtoRome.AllroadsleadtoRome.
66、条条大路通罗马。条条大路通罗马。条条大路通罗马。条条大路通罗马。 Allthatendswelliswell.Allthatendswelliswell.结果好，就一切都好。结果好，就一切都好。结果好，就一切都好。结果好，就一切都好。 Allthatglittersisnotgold.Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的不一定都是金子。闪光的不一定都是金子。闪光的不一定都是金子。闪光的不一定都是金子。 Structures一、一、 表达命令的句型表达命令的句型1.Dont+1.Dont+动词原动词原动词原动词原+ +宾语宾语宾语宾语+ +其他：不要做某事其他：不要做某事其他
67、：不要做某事其他：不要做某事2. 2.主语主语主语主语+hadbetter+hadbetter+宾语宾语宾语宾语+ +其他：最好不要做某事其他：最好不要做某事其他：最好不要做某事其他：最好不要做某事3.Dontlet+3.Dontlet+宾语宾语宾语宾语+ +动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形+ +其他：不要让某人其他：不要让某人其他：不要让某人其他：不要让某人（某物（某物（某物（某物) )做某事做某事做某事做某事4.Never+4.Never+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形+ +其他：不要再做某事其他：不要再做某事其他：不要再做某事其他：不要再做某事5.Dontbe+5.Dontbe+表语：
68、不要表语：不要表语：不要表语：不要6.asksbnottodo6.asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事叫某人不要做某事叫某人不要做某事叫某人不要做某事 二、请求的句型二、请求的句型1.wouldyouplease.?1.wouldyouplease.?couldyouplease.?couldyouplease.?你能你能你能你能吗？吗？吗？吗？/ /你可以你可以你可以你可以吗？吗？吗？吗？ 2.Wouldyoumind+2.Wouldyoumind+动词原形：动词原形：动词原形：动词原形：如果不介意的话如果不介意的话如果不介意的话如果不介意的话.3.Howabout+3.Howabout
69、+动名词动名词动名词动名词+ +其他：其他：其他：其他：.怎么样可以么？怎么样可以么？怎么样可以么？怎么样可以么？4.Please+4.Please+动词原形：请动词原形：请动词原形：请动词原形：请5.Wouldyoulike+5.Wouldyoulike+动词原形：动词原形：动词原形：动词原形：.可以么可以么可以么可以么? ?请求与命令的转述方式请求与命令的转述方式一、注意所使用的动词一、注意所使用的动词一、注意所使用的动词一、注意所使用的动词 英语常用的表示命令、请求和建议的动词有英语常用的表示命令、请求和建议的动词有英语常用的表示命令、请求和建议的动词有英语常用的表示命令、请求和建议的动
70、词有advise,ask,invite,order,remind,request,tell,warnadvise,ask,invite,order,remind,request,tell,warn等等等等。 1.advisevt.劝告劝告;建议建议2.Mymotheradvisedmetowearmybestclothes.3.我妈妈建议我穿上最好的衣服。我妈妈建议我穿上最好的衣服。4.2.askvt.请求请求;邀请邀请5.Iaskedthemtocometomyhousefordinner.6.我请他们来我家吃饭。我请他们来我家吃饭。 3.invitevt.邀请邀请Lisainvitedus
71、tocometoherparty.Lisa邀请我们参加她的聚会。邀请我们参加她的聚会。4.ordervt.命令命令;指挥指挥Theyorderedhimnottostop.他们命令他不要停下。他们命令他不要停下。 5.remindvt.使想起使想起;提醒提醒RemindmetowritetoMother.请提醒我给妈妈写信。请提醒我给妈妈写信。6.requestvt.要求要求;请求请求Werequestthevisitorsnottopicktheflowers.我们要求参观者不要摘花。我们要求参观者不要摘花。 7.tellv.t.告诉告诉;告诫告诫;命令命令;警告警告Itoldyounott
72、odoit.我叫你不要做这个。我叫你不要做这个。8.warnv.t.警告警告;告诫告诫(常与常与of连用连用)指对于确指对于确实实的危险所作的警告的危险所作的警告,具有命令的意思。具有命令的意思。Shewaswarnednottocomeintheroom.她被警告不得进入那间屋子她被警告不得进入那间屋子 由此可见由此可见由此可见由此可见, ,上述动词作谓语时有一个共同的上述动词作谓语时有一个共同的上述动词作谓语时有一个共同的上述动词作谓语时有一个共同的特点特点特点特点, ,即都可以使用如下句型即都可以使用如下句型即都可以使用如下句型即都可以使用如下句型: :advise/ask/invite
73、/order/remind/advise/ask/invite/order/remind/request/tell/warnsb.todosth.request/tell/warnsb.todosth.建议建议建议建议/ /要求要求要求要求/ /邀邀邀邀请某人做某事。请某人做某事。请某人做某事。请某人做某事。如果是否定句如果是否定句如果是否定句如果是否定句, ,则在则在则在则在toto前加前加前加前加notnot。在这个句型中在这个句型中在这个句型中在这个句型中, ,不定式作宾语补足语。不定式作宾语补足语。不定式作宾语补足语。不定式作宾语补足语。 三、注意由直接引语变为间接引语句子的方法。三、
74、注意由直接引语变为间接引语句子的方法。要注意直接说的话要注意直接说的话(称为直接引语称为直接引语)与转述的话与转述的话(称为间接引语称为间接引语)在表达上是不一样的。由于表示的在表达上是不一样的。由于表示的是命令、请求和建议是命令、请求和建议,所以直接说的话多用祈使句所以直接说的话多用祈使句式。式。1.肯定句的变法肯定句的变法PleasereadEnglishinthemorning,Jim,saidMissLiu.MissLiuaskedJimtoreadEnglishinthemorning.2.否定句的变法否定句的变法Donttalkinclass,Mr.Greenwarnedme.Mr
75、Greenwarnedmenottotalkinclass. Theexpressionsthatcanexpresscommands:CorrectyourspellingmistakesCorrectyourspellingmistakesGoand!Dothatnow!Goand!Dothatnow!Saythatagain!Saythatagain!Holdthatagain!Holdthatagain!Takethedogforawalk!Takethedogforawalk!Theexpressionsthatcanexpress requests:Howdoyouspelltha
76、tplease?Howdoyouspellthatplease?Wouldyoudothatmoreslowly?Wouldyoudothatmoreslowly?Pleasewouldyouplease?Pleasewouldyouplease?Couldyourepeatthatsentence?Couldyourepeatthatsentence?Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?CanIsithereandwaitforthedoctor?CanIsithereandwaitforthedoctor?
77、1.Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher:“wouldyouplease1.Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher:“wouldyoupleasesingasongforus?”singasongforus?”2.Themothersaidtoherchild:“turnofftheradio.”2.Themothersaidtoherchild:“turnofftheradio.”3.Thedentistsaidtoapatient:“openyourmouth3.Thedentistsaidtoapatient:“openyourmouthplea
78、se,soIcanseethebadtoothclearly.”please,soIcanseethebadtoothclearly.”4.Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone:“4.Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone:“couldyouholdonforaminute?”couldyouholdonforaminute?”5.Johnsaidtohisclassmate:“canIborrowyoupen5.Johnsaidtohisclassmate:“canIborrowyoupenplease?”please?”
79、6.Theteachersaidtohisstudent:“comeuptomy6.Theteachersaidtohisstudent:“comeuptomyoffice!”office!”Theexercisesforretellingdirectspeechtoindirectspeech.1.Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongfor1.Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem.(request)them.(request)2.Themothertoldherchildtoturnoffthe
80、radio.2.Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio.(command)(command)3.Thedentistaskedhis/herpatienttoopenhis/her3.Thedentistaskedhis/herpatienttoopenhis/hermouthsothathe/shecouldseethebadtoothmouthsothathe/shecouldseethebadtoothclearly.(request)clearly.(request)4.Thesecretaryaskedthewomanonthephoneto4.
81、Thesecretaryaskedthewomanonthephonetoholdonforaminuteortwo.(request)holdonforaminuteortwo.(request)Suggested answers for the exercises:5.Johnaskedhisclassmateifhecouldborrowhis5.Johnaskedhisclassmateifhecouldborrowhispen(request)pen(request)6.Theteachertoldhis/herstudenttocomeupto6.Theteachertoldhis
82、/herstudenttocomeuptohis/heroffice.(command)his/heroffice.(command)Suggested answers for the exercises:Fast read the passage then answer:IsthereastandardofEnglish?IsthereastandardofEnglish?DoestheNJoftheTVspeakastandardEnglish?DoestheNJoftheTVspeakastandardEnglish?WhyaretheresomanykindsofEnglishinth
83、eWhyaretheresomanykindsofEnglishintheworld?world?HowmanykindsofEnglishdoyouknow?HowmanykindsofEnglishdoyouknow?Using LanguageUsing Language中国的汉语方言地图中国的汉语方言地图Listening Listen to the conversation and answer the questions.1.WhatdoesBufordthinkofTexas?Howdoyou1.WhatdoesBufordthinkofTexas?Howdoyouknow?kn
84、ow?2.HowlargewastheCatfish?2.HowlargewastheCatfish?3.WhydidLestergetoutofthewatersoquickly?3.WhydidLestergetoutofthewatersoquickly?4.WhydidBuffordandBigBillyBoblaugh?4.WhydidBuffordandBigBillyBoblaugh?Thesuggestedanswerstothesequestions:1.HebelievesitsalmostadifferentcountryHebelievesitsalmostadiffe
85、rentcountryfromtheUSA.Thelisteningtexttellsus.fromtheUSA.Thelisteningtexttellsus.2.TheboysthoughtthatthecatfishwasalmostTheboysthoughtthatthecatfishwasalmostthesizeofahouse.thesizeofahouse.3.Hethoughtthecatfishwouldeathim.Hethoughtthecatfishwouldeathim.4.TheylaughedbecauseLasterbelievedtheTheylaughe
86、dbecauseLasterbelievedthecatfishwouldhurthim.catfishwouldhurthim.Afteransweringthequestions,canyouAfteransweringthequestions,canyouretellthelittlestory?Dotheexercise3onretellthelittlestory?Dotheexercise3onpage14,thenretellthestory.page14,thenretellthestory.subway=underground: subway=underground: 地下铁
87、地下铁地下铁地下铁corner=block:corner=block:转角转角转角转角Could you please. : Could you please. : 委婉的请求委婉的请求委婉的请求委婉的请求round =aroundround =around 介词介词介词介词on:on:on:on:表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向, , , ,这里的方向指相对这里的方向指相对这里的方向指相对这里的方向指相对。E.g. China faces the Pacific on the east.E.g.
88、China faces the Pacific on the east. Reading and SpeakingWriting Please think about the two situations. Please think about the two situations. Use the expressions have been given Use the expressions have been given and try to make a dialogue with your and try to make a dialogue with your partner. Pa
89、y attention the tone youve partner. Pay attention the tone youve chosen.chosen.Summing-upSumming-up重点词汇：重点词汇：officialofficial voyagevoyage nativenative actuallyactually basebase gradualgradual identityidentity frequentfrequent commandcommand requestrequestexpressionSpanishrecognizestraightblockexpre
90、ssionSpanishrecognizestraightblock重点短语：重点短语：makearequestmakearequest请求请求请求请求requestthat(should)+vrequestthat(should)+v原形原形原形原形 inonedirectioninonedirection朝一个方向朝一个方向朝一个方向朝一个方向bedifferentfrombedifferentfrom与与与与不同不同不同不同 inthe1600s=inthe1600sinthe1600s=inthe1600sgivecommandsgivecommands 命令命令命令命令asaasa
91、rulerule 通常；照例通常；照例通常；照例通常；照例 benativetobenativeto 是是是是的土产动物的土产动物的土产动物的土产动物/ / / /植物植物植物植物 asweknowasweknow 正如我们所知正如我们所知正如我们所知正如我们所知 aninternationallanguageaninternationallanguage 一门国际语言一门国际语言一门国际语言一门国际语言 aninternationalaninternational organizationorganization 一个国际组织一个国际组织一个国际组织一个国际组织playarole/part(
92、in)playarole/part(in) 在在在在中担任角色；中担任角色；中担任角色；中担任角色；在在在在中起作用中起作用中起作用中起作用; ; ; ;扮演一个角色；参与扮演一个角色；参与扮演一个角色；参与扮演一个角色；参与playanimportantrole/partplayanimportantrole/part 在在在在中起重要作用中起重要作用中起重要作用中起重要作用 becauseofbecauseof 因为；由于因为；由于因为；由于因为；由于 话题：话题：Englisharoundtheworld功能：功能：命令命令(asking)请求请求(request)语法：语法：请求与命令
93、的句型和其转述请求与命令的句型和其转述高考链接高考链接1.Lizziewas_toseeherfriendoffattheairport.(2004，全国卷，全国卷IV)AalittlemorethansadBmorethanalittlesadCsadmorethanalittleDalittlemorethansad解析：解析：morethanalittle+adj.表表“非常非常”的意思。的意思。 B2.Wouldyoupleasehelpmewiththebox?_（2009，四川），四川）1.A.Yes,please.B.No,pleasedont.2.C.Withpleasure.
94、D.Mypleasure.3.解析：解析：Withpleasure.表示答应别人表示答应别人的请求但是还没帮的请求但是还没帮;Mypleasure.表示已经表示已经帮过忙了，是回答别人感谢的用语。帮过忙了，是回答别人感谢的用语。C3.Amyjoinedapaintinggroupbutdidntseemto_,sosheleft.A.showoffB.goupC.fitinD.comeover解析：解析：showoff“炫耀，卖弄炫耀，卖弄”;goup“增多，兴建增多，兴建”；fitin“适应，相处融洽适应，相处融洽”;comeover“来访，拜访来访，拜访“。由。由“,sosheleft”可
95、知可知C。CExercisesExercises1.Mr.Huangwill_inthemovement.A.playaleadingpartB.takepartsC.playleadingpartD.takeapart2.Wediscussedwheretogoforawholemorning,butwedecidedtostayathome_.A.attheendB.bytheendC.intheendD.onend3._ofthestudentswhotookpartinthemilitarytrainingis450.A.AnumberB.AlotC.LotsD.ThenumberA
96、AC CD D一、单项选择一、单项选择4.Sometimes_Englishisquitedifferentfrom_Englishinmanyways.A.speaking,writingB.spoken,writtenC.speaking,writtenD.spoken,writing5.Canyoutellmeifyouhavefoundthekey_yourcar.A.forB.toC.aboutD.byB BB BWatercostsmoney.InsomeplaceswaterishardWatercostsmoney.Insomeplaceswaterishard1616 .Wh
97、at.What1717whenatownhastheseproblems?Asmallwhenatownhastheseproblems?AsmalltowninCaliforniafoundahappytowninCaliforniafoundahappy1818.Very.Very1919rainraineverfellthere.Thetownhadnowatereverfellthere.Thetownhadnowater2020.The.Thewateritusedwaswateritusedwas2121fromariver300milesaway.fromariver300mil
98、esaway.AsmorepeopleAsmorepeople2222liveinthetown,liveinthetown,2323waterwaswaterwasneeded.Nowwaterneeded.Nowwater2424tobebroughtinfrom600tobebroughtinfrom600milesaway.Allthesecostmilesaway.Allthesecost2525money.money.二、完形填空二、完形填空ThetownThetown2626aplan.Itfoundaplan.Itfound2727tocleanitstocleanits“di
99、rty”water.Oncethecleanedwaterwasreused“dirty”water.Oncethecleanedwaterwasreused 2828manyways.Fivemanyways.Five2929lakeswerebuilt.Herelakeswerebuilt.Herepeoplecouldswimandfishandgopeoplecouldswimandfishandgo30.30.TheyThey3131 havepicnicsintheirnewparks.Farmershadhavepicnicsintheirnewparks.Farmershadm
100、orewatermorewater3232theircrops.Newfactoriescanbetheircrops.Newfactoriescanbebuilt,nowthattheyhavethepromiseofbuilt,nowthattheyhavethepromiseof3333.In.Inmostplaces,waterisusedandthrownmostplaces,waterisusedandthrown3434.The.Thetownthatsavedtownthatsaved3535waterhassavedthetown!waterhassavedthetown!1
101、6.A.supplyingB.gettingC.togetD.tosupply16.A.supplyingB.gettingC.togetD.tosupply17.A.happensB.happeningC.ishappenedD.happened17.A.happensB.happeningC.ishappenedD.happened18.A.key18.A.keyB.answerC.answeringD.wayB.answerC.answeringD.way19.A.little19.A.littleB.alittleB.alittleC.fewC.fewD.afewD.afew20.A.
102、ofitself20.A.ofitselfB.ofitsownC.foritsownD.foritselfB.ofitsownC.foritsownD.foritself21.A.fetch21.A.fetchB.takeC.broughtinD.guidedB.takeC.broughtinD.guided22.A.cometoB.cametoC.comingtoD.camefor22.A.cometoB.cametoC.comingtoD.camefor23.A.manyB.plentyofC.moreD.manymore23.A.manyB.plentyofC.moreD.manymor
103、e24.A.has24.A.hasB.hadB.hadC.mustC.mustD.neededD.needed25.A.manyB.afewC.agreatmanyD.alotof25.A.manyB.afewC.agreatmanyD.alotof26.A.putB.made26.A.putB.madeC.supplyD.noticedC.supplyD.noticed27.A.awayB.waysC.ananswerD.akey27.A.awayB.waysC.ananswerD.akey28.A.for28.A.forB.byB.byC.atC.atD.inD.in29.A.man-ma
104、kingB.man-make29.A.man-makingB.man-makeC.man-madeC.man-madeD.manmadeD.manmade30.A.boating30.A.boatingB.toboatB.toboat C.toboatingC.toboatingD.onboatingD.onboating31.A.mustB.couldC.neededD.hadto31.A.mustB.couldC.neededD.hadto32.A.as32.A.asB.withB.withC.forD.toC.forD.to33.A.waterenoughB.enoughwater33.A.waterenoughB.enoughwaterC.cropsenoughD.enoughcropsC.cropsenoughD.enoughcrops34.A.off34.A.offB.ofB.ofC.awayD.outofC.awayD.outof35.A.its35.A.itsB.itsB.its C.onesD.hisC.onesD.hisAnswer:Answer:1620CABAB2125CBCAD1620CABAB2125CBCAD2630BADCA3135BCBCB2630BADCA3135BCBCB
