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1、 To HelenTo Helen Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan PoeThe Introduction of Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe ( January 19 1809-October 7, 1849) was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Po
2、e was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction.The works of Edgar Allan Poe PoemsRomance(传奇传奇)1829Fairy-Land(仙境仙境)1829Elizab
3、eth伊丽伊丽莎白莎白1829To Helen 致海伦致海伦1831睡美人睡美人TheSleeper1831小夜曲小夜曲Serenade1833-04-20乌鸦乌鸦The Raven1845-01-29 黄金国黄金国Eldorado1849-04-21献给安妮献给安妮For Annie1849-04-28 Novel瓶中手稿瓶中手稿MS. Found in a Bottle1833-10-19幽会幽会1The Assignation1834生意人生意人The Business Man1840-02仙女岛仙女岛The Island of the Fay1841-06泄密的心泄密的心The Tel
4、l-Tale Heart 1843金甲虫金甲虫The Gold-Bug 1843黑猫黑猫The Black Cat 1843About Helen-海伦海伦海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿, ,她是她是那个时代最漂亮的女子那个时代最漂亮的女子. .还在当还在当姑娘的时候姑娘的时候, ,她被忒修斯劫持抢她被忒修斯劫持抢走走. .后来由两位兄长重新把她夺后来由两位兄长重新把她夺回来回来. .她跟随继父斯巴达国王廷她跟随继父斯巴达国王廷达瑞俄斯长大达瑞俄斯长大. .之后，她嫁给了墨涅拉俄斯之后，她嫁给了墨涅拉俄斯（亚各斯人的国王）。海伦给（亚各斯人的国王）。海伦给他生下一个女儿。后来，墨
5、涅他生下一个女儿。后来，墨涅拉俄斯外出。海伦一个人在宫拉俄斯外出。海伦一个人在宫殿里很孤寂。一次外出中，她殿里很孤寂。一次外出中，她在阿尔忒弥斯神庙遇见帕拉斯在阿尔忒弥斯神庙遇见帕拉斯王子。两人相爱了。于是，王王子。两人相爱了。于是，王子就把海伦子就把海伦“劫持劫持”到了自己到了自己的国家。也就是这件事，引发的国家。也就是这件事，引发了著名的特洛伊战争。了著名的特洛伊战争。海伦，海伦，是是斯巴达的海伦，是的海伦，是迈锡尼的的海伦，那么最终，她是海伦，那么最终，她是特洛伊的海伦。的海伦。The background informationThis poem is a classmate of m
6、iddle school the young mother Mrs. Steiner and wrote, for the first time, the ideal of pure love of my soul. From the mentioned in the poem of geographical, historical background, Mrs. Steiners affection and the ancient Greek epic Iliad in the middle Become beauty Helen. 这首诗是为中学一位同学的年轻母亲斯丹娜夫人而作，写的是“
7、我的灵魂的第一次纯洁、理想的爱”。从诗里提到的地理、历史背景来看，对斯丹娜夫人的爱慕和对古希腊史诗伊利亚特中的绝世美人海伦的景仰合二为一。 To Helen-To Helen-致海伦致海伦Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore往昔往昔，That gently, oer a perfumed sea,The weary, way-worn wanderer boreTo his own native shore. On desperate seas long wont to roam游游荡荡,Thy hyacinth风
8、风信子信子 hair, thy classic face,Thy Naiad水仙女水仙女 airs have brought me homeTo the glory that was Greece,And the grandeur that was Rome. Lo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate玛玛瑙瑙 lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche普塞克普塞克, from the regions whichAre Holy Land!海伦，你的美貌于我，海伦，你
9、的美貌于我，有如往日尼西亚的三桅船，有如往日尼西亚的三桅船，在芬芳的海上悠然浮起，在芬芳的海上悠然浮起，把劳困而倦游的浪子载还，把劳困而倦游的浪子载还，回到他故国的港湾。回到他故国的港湾。早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡，早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡，你风信子似的秀发，你风信子似的秀发， 你闪烁着古典美的面庞，你闪烁着古典美的面庞，你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡，你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡，重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。看！那明亮的窗龛中间，看！那明亮的窗龛中间，我见你象一座神像站立，我见你象一座神像站立，玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里，玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里，哦！普赛克哦！普赛克 ，你所来自的地方
10、，你所来自的地方原是那遥远的圣地原是那遥远的圣地！Analysis1 Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nican barks of yore, That gently, oer a perfumed sea, The weary, way-worn wanderer bore To his own native shore. Rhyme Scheme第一诗节中押尾韵第一诗节中押尾韵 的单词为的单词为me, yore, sea, bore, shoreAme ByoreA sea Bbore Bshore Simile 明喻明喻海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的
11、三桅船海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船”Hyperbole 夸张夸张海伦的美让大海也变得海伦的美让大海也变得“芬芳四溢芬芳四溢”。 嗅觉意象嗅觉意象（Olfactory image）。）。Alliteration 头韵头韵 weary”，“way-worn”和和“wanderer”都是以都是以w开头的开头的单词。诗人通过单词。诗人通过头韵头韵将水手的将水手的疲惫形象活灵活现地展现出来疲惫形象活灵活现地展现出来.在第一节中，诗人主要描写了海伦的美丽在第一节中，诗人主要描写了海伦的美丽Analysis2 On desperate seas long wont to roam, Thy hyacint
12、h hair, thy classic face, Thy Naiad airs have brought me home To the glory glory that was Greece And the grandeur that was RomeRhyme Scheme第二节中为第二节中为roam, face, home, Greece, Rome. Croam Dface Chome DGreece CRome ParallelismMetaphor“风信子般的头发，风信子般的头发，典雅的面庞典雅的面庞,水仙女般的风姿带水仙女般的风姿带我回到昨日希腊的光荣，和往我回到昨日希腊的光荣，
13、和往昔罗马的盛况。昔罗马的盛况。视觉意象视觉意象（Visual image） pun双关，既表示双关，既表示“把我带回把我带回家家”，也表示深层含义，也表示深层含义“使我使我明白并感受到明白并感受到”。头韵（头韵（alliteration) Glory, Glory, Greece , grandeurAnalysisLo! in yon brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand, The agate lamp within thy hand! Ah! Psyche, from the regions which Are H
14、oly Land! Rhyme Scheme第三节中为第三节中为niche ，stand， handWhich， LandE_ niche F _standF_handE_ WhichF_Land 在希腊神话中，在希腊神话中，普赛克普赛克公主，美丽公主，美丽绝伦。他是爱神绝伦。他是爱神厄洛斯厄洛斯之妻，之妻，厄洛厄洛斯斯禁止她看见自己的模样，而禁止她看见自己的模样，而普赛普赛克克因好奇在夜晚举灯看丈夫的模样，因好奇在夜晚举灯看丈夫的模样，灯油滴到爱神脸上唤醒了他，普塞灯油滴到爱神脸上唤醒了他，普塞克因此被丈夫逐出家门。克因此被丈夫逐出家门。Simile看！那明亮的窗龛中间，看！那明亮的窗龛中间
15、，我见我见你你像一座像一座神像神像站立站立在第三节诗中，诗人的描写的对象从海伦在第三节诗中，诗人的描写的对象从海伦转到了转到了普赛克（普赛克（Psyche）一个可以与一个可以与海海伦伦媲美的公主媲美的公主Poe opens the poem with a simile that compares the beauty of Helen (Mrs. Stanard) with small sailing boats (barks) that carried home travelers in ancient times. He extends this boat imagery into the
16、 second stanza, when he says Helen brought him home to the shores of the greatest civilizations of antiquity古老古老, classical Greece and Rome. It may well have been that Mrs. Stanards beauty and other admirable qualities, as well as her taking notice of Poes writing ability, helped inspire him to writ
17、e poetry that mimicked模仿模仿 in some ways the classical tradition of Greece and Rome. Certainly the poems allusions to mythology and the classical age suggest that he had a grounding in, and a fondness for, ancient history and literature. In the final stanza of the poem, Poe imagines that Mrs. Stanard
18、 (Helen) is standing before him in a recess or alcove壁龛壁龛 in front of a window. She is holding an agate lamp, as the beautiful Psyche did when she discovered the identity of Eros (Cupid). Imagery and Summary of the PoemIn To Helen, Poe is celebrating the nurturing power of woman. Poe was inspired in
19、 part by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, particularly in the second line (Like those Nicean barks of yore) which resembles a line in Coleridges Youth and Age (Like those trim skiffs, unknown of yore). Poe revised the poem in 1845, making several improvements, most notably changing the beauty of fair Greece
20、, and the grandeur of old Rome to the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome. Poe scholar Jeffrey Meyers referred to these as two of Poes finest and most famous lines.The ThemeThe ThemeThe beauty of a woman with whom Poe became acquainted when he was 14.Apparently she treated him kindl
21、y and may have urged him or perhaps inspired him to write poetry. Beauty,as Poe uses the word in the poem ,appears to refer to the womans body as well as her soul.On the one hand ,he represents her as Helen of Troythe quintessence（典范（典范 ）of physical beauty-at the beginning of this poem. On the other
22、 hand ,he represents her as Psyche at the end of the poem. In Greek, Psyche means soul.About the authors feelingThis is a poem to deep love woman poetry. With the classical aesthetic, profound expressing the authors persistent pursuit of love and beauty. According to Greek mythology two youthThe beautiful goddess Helen and Psyche the apostrophe,Sings the praises of the beauty of women.Alan slope on his poems explanation is: in order to beautiful, to poetry and poetry. He mentioned the beauty is not only in appearance, but also the spirit of pure and sincere
