英语定语从句语法课件

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1、定定语语从从句句语语法法知知识识能能可可有有皆皆切切一一Underline the attributive clauses: Dont forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you cant get. Dont give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory. 曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留

2、作回忆。已经失去的，留作回忆。语法讲解语法讲解 定语从句定语从句（the attributive clause） 被定语从句限定的词是被定语从句限定的词是_ ，引导定语从，引导定语从句的词叫做句的词叫做 _ 或或 _。 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接连接（连接定语从句和主句）、（连接定语从句和主句）、替代替代（替代前面（替代前面的先行词）、的先行词）、成分成分（在定语从句中要充当一（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。定的句子成分）。在复合句中，在复合句中，充当充当_ 用的从句是定语从句用的从句是定语从句 “先行词先行词”“关系代词关系代词”“关系副词关系

3、副词”形容词形容词This is the film which I saw last night.This is the film whose name is Titanic .The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film . t

4、he Attributive Clausethe Attributive ClauseThis is the film which I saw last night.This is the film whose name is Titanic .The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved ea

5、ch other very much in the film . the Attributive Clausethe Attributive Clausewho指人，作主语whom指人，作宾语whose指物，作定语that指物，作主语which指物，作宾语Beijing is the city that / which has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games. Beijing the city get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.引导定语从句关系代词的用法：引导定语从句关系代词的

6、用法： that which who whom whose 1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物 1)A plane is a machine that can fly.（ 主语）主语）2)The noodles that I ate were delicious.（宾语）（宾语）3)Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.（主语）主语）4)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jimsister.（宾宾语）语） 2. Which 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物在从句

7、中作主语或宾语，指物1) They planted the trees which didnt need much water. ( (主语主语 ) )3. who whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾在从句中分别作主语和宾语语 ( (口语中口语中whowho也可作宾语也可作宾语) )1) The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（主语）主语）2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. （宾语）宾语）2) The boy who broke the window is c

8、alled Michael.（主语）主语） 4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write . （宾语）宾语）3) The person with whom you just talked is Mr. Li. （宾语）宾语） 3) This is the book whose cover is blue.4. whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物在从句中作定语，指人或物1) Miss Brown is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2) This is the boy w

9、hose composition the teacher talked about . The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. 关系代词关系代词whosewhose还可以在从句中与它所修还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语饰的词一起作介词宾语NOTE1.指物时只用指物时只用that 的情况的情况2.只用只用which的情况的情况3.关系代词关系代词as 的用法的用法4.as 与与which的区别的区别5.高考考点高考考点-易混句型易混句型6.历年高考试题历年高考试题高考常见高考常见考点考点考点一：

10、考点一：(1)(1)先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much little, few, much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。 Is there Is there anythinganything else else thatthat you don you dont t understand ?understand ?(2)(2)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any,

11、 little, muchall, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修饰时。修饰时。AllAll the books the books thatthat you need are here. you need are here.(3)(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级或被最高级修饰时。或被最高级修饰时。This is This is the firstthe first book book (that)(that) he has read he has read ./ ./ This is This i

12、s the bestthe best that has been used against that has been used against pollutionpollution(4)(4)先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the lastthe only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。This is This is the samethe same knife knife (that)(that) I lost I lost yesterday .yesterday .This is This is t

13、he verythe very pen pen (that)(that) she is looking she is looking for .for .(5)(5)先行词既有人又有物时。先行词既有人又有物时。 He talked about He talked about the teachers and schoolsthe teachers and schools (that)(that) he had visited . he had visited .That!“that”我的地盘我的地盘? 6.当主句的主语是是疑问词当主句的主语是是疑问词which时时: Which is the

14、bike that you lost yesterday? 7.当先行词在主句中做表语当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也而关系代词也在从句中做表语时在从句中做表语时: He is no longer the man that he used to be . Beijing is no longer the city that it used to be .注意注意:当先行词是当先行词是the way时时,关系词用关系词用:that/in which.way 后面的定语从句后面的定语从句 way 后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引导词有 in which that 或或 不填不填，如：

15、，如： I recognized hes from Australia from the way _ he speaks. in which ( that / 不填不填)practice 1.Everything_ you say to him goes in one ear and out the other.2.All _ is needed is a supply of oil. 3. The train is the last _ will go to Shanghai.4.The boy and the dog _ are in the picture are very lovely

16、.5.The first lesson _ I learned will be forgotten.6.The way_ you are doing it is completely crazy.thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat 1. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office.（2008） A.which B that C this D.it考点二：以下情况只能用考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句引导定语从句1,先行词与关系词有逗号隔

17、开先行词与关系词有逗号隔开 2,关系词前有介词关系词前有介词2. The day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.A.on which B that C which D.this考点三：关系代词考点三：关系代词 as 的用法的用法 the same as 表示表示同一类同一类人或物；人或物； the same that 指指同一个同一个人或物人或物1) 直接引导定语从句直接引导定语从句: 作用相当于作用相当于which He was late, as / which is often the case. As anyone could see it, they

18、were very upset. 2) 与与such 连用连用, 引起定语从句引起定语从句 There are no such writers as you mention. It gave him such a shock that his face turned white. 3) 与与same 连用连用, 引起定语从句引起定语从句 如此如此 以至于以至于 This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B D比较：比较：.the same pen as I lost. . the same pen

19、that I lost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 .考点四：考点四：as 与与 which 的区别的区别as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的行为动词的被动语态，被动语态，如如be known， be said，be reported等，等， 如从句中如从句中行为动词是主动语态行为动词是主动语态，一般要用，一般要用which作主语。作主语。 She has been late again, _ was expected. Tom has made gre

20、at progress, _ made us happy.aswhich1. which的的先先行行词词可可以以是是名名词词，也也可可以以是是句句子子的的一部分或代替整个句子一部分或代替整个句子；which从句从句不能放句首不能放句首; 2. as 一般代替整个句子一般代替整个句子, 从句从句则可以放则可以放句首句首, 句句中或句尾中或句尾, 表示表示“正如正如” ，“或像或像一样一样” 。例如：例如：as is known, as everyone knows ,as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as it is;当当先行词前有先行词

21、前有as, so, such, the same 修饰修饰时时,关系代词常用关系代词常用as。_is known to us all, Taiwan is a part of China. 总结总结:As专题专练专题专练1. Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?2.He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday, _ I doubt very much. 3. There is a lake near our schoolyard, _ depth is ou

22、t of your expectation. 4. -Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?5.- Well, anything is Ok for me. 6.5. The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library. as which whose that which 6. Students in our school, most of _ are from the south of China, enjoy rice very much.7. Can you t

23、hink of a situation _ this idiom is used?8. _ is often the case, teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings. 9. Which is the road _ leads to the village _ you were born?10. The newcomer is from Jiangxi, _ I can tell from his accent. whom where As that where which = in which T

24、hough I cant remember everything _ happened during the time in university, I still remember some people and things _ were related to Miss Brown, _ used to be monitor in our class. If you want to know who the lady is _ I referred to in my diary, I can tell you its her, Miss Brown. Here is a story _ m

25、akes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York, _ we would look forward to. We went to the biggest bookshop in _ there were different kinds of books to be sold. There, thatthatwhothat that whichwhichshe persuaded me to read every grammar book _ could offer me kno

26、wledge of grammar and buy a dictionary _ I could look up the new words in. Miss Brown also bought the same books _ I did. Just when we left the bookshop and were ready to go back to our university, a big man stopped us and robbed me of my necklace. Ill never forget that time _ Miss Brown tried her b

27、est to help me and lost one of her fingers. thatwhichaswhen1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D. itChoose the best answers:4. Please

28、take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 7. All of the flowers now raised here have deve

29、loped from those _ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.8. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which9. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D.

30、 it10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which EX 翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1. 正在打篮球的男孩子们是我们学校的。正在打篮球的男孩子们是我们学校的。The boys who are playingbasketball are from our school. 2. 2. 我父亲给我买的自行车在楼外面我父亲给我买的自行车在楼外面。The bike that my father

31、bought for me is outside the building.3. 在地震中毁掉的楼房大多数是用砖盖的。在地震中毁掉的楼房大多数是用砖盖的。Most of the buildings which were ruined/destroyed in the earthquake were made of bricks. 4. 我们将去看望那位在地震中失去 儿子的老人。Well visit the old man whose son died in the earthquake. 5.那栋白色窗户的楼房是我们的教学楼。那栋白色窗户的楼房是我们的教学楼。The building whos

32、e windows are white is our teaching building.1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of _ were black with disease. b. I saw some trees, the leaves of _ were black with disease. 2). a. The professor is a little man, on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses b. The professor is a little man, and on t

33、he nose of _there is a pair of glasses解题点拨解题点拨 :是否有是否有连词连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim _高考考点高考考点易混句型易混句型1.1.定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句 1). a. The news _our volleyball team won the match made us excited. b. The news _he told me yesterday is exciting. 2). a. I made a promise _ if anyone set me

34、 free, I would make him very rich. b. The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children. that(that/which)that/whichthat解题点拨解题点拨：that引导的引导的定语从句定语从句是对其先行词的是对其先行词的修修饰或限制饰或限制；在句中；在句中作成份作成份( (作宾语省略作宾语省略),),指物时可用指物时可用whichwhich代替；而代替；而同位语从句同位语从句是对前面名词的是对前面名词的说明和解释说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用在从句中仅起连接作用, ,不充当成份不

35、充当成份，不能省略，不能省略, ,不能用不能用whichwhich代替。代替。 .定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句 1) a. It is in this room _I lived last year. b. It is the room _I lived last year. 2) a. It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning. b. It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning. 解题点拨：解题点拨：强调句型：强调句型：It is/was+ +被被强调的成强调的成份份+ +that/who+ +其它部分其它部分; ; 去掉去掉 It is/was.that/who ,句子照样成立句子照样成立; ;而定语从句而定语从句的的引导词在句中要作成份引导词在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen. .定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句