《公选课大学英语写作PPT》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《公选课大学英语写作PPT(32页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、College English Practical Writing - CET-一概况一概况 1. 要求:考生在写作方面能做笔要求:考生在写作方面能做笔 记,写提纲,能就一定的话题或提记,写提纲,能就一定的话题或提纲在纲在30分钟内写出不低于分钟内写出不低于120词的短词的短文,另外,考生能够写短信和便条。文,另外,考生能够写短信和便条。并且,写出的文章要内容切题,文并且,写出的文章要内容切题,文字通顺,表达正确,语义连贯,无字通顺,表达正确,语义连贯,无重大语言错误。重大语言错误。2. CET-4写作演变与趋势写作演变与趋势 二评分原则二评分原则1. CET-4检查考生是否达到检查考生是否达
2、到大学英语教学大纲规定的四大学英语教学大纲规定的四级教学要求,对作文的评判级教学要求,对作文的评判以此要求为准则。以此要求为准则。 2. CET-4作文题采用总体评分作文题采用总体评分(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分出奖励分(Award Scores),而不是按语言,而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。点的错误数目扣分。 3. 该给高分的给高分,包该给高分的给高分,包括满分;该给低分的给低括满分;该给低分的给低分,包括零分。分,包括零分。三评分标准三评分标准 1. 满分满分15分。分。 2. 阅卷标准共分五档次:阅卷标准共分五档次:2分、分
3、、5 分、分、8分、分、11分及分及14分,依作文水分,依作文水平可在本档次内上下浮动平可在本档次内上下浮动1分。分。3. 细化评分标准:细化评分标准: 2分分 - 条理不清,思路紊乱,条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。有错误,且多数为严重错误。 5分分 - 基本切题。表达思想基本切题。表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。严重语言错误。 8分分 - 基本切题。有些地方表基本切题。有些地方表达不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语达不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严言错误相当多,其中有一
4、些是严重错误。重错误。 11分分- 切题。表达思想清楚,切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。 14分分- 切题。表达思想清楚,切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性好,基本上无文字通顺,连贯性好,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。语言错误,仅有个别小错。4. 字数不足酌情扣分字数不足酌情扣分累累计计字字数数110-119100-10990-9980-8970-7960-6950-59低低于于49扣扣分分12345679四题型把握四题型把握 1命题范围命题范围 (1)学习与校园生活)学习与校园生活 (2)社会发展变化)社会发展变化 (3)常识、格言)常识、格言
5、 ( () ) 社会热点社会热点2. 命题体裁命题体裁 (1)论说文)论说文 (2)记叙文)记叙文 (3)图表作文)图表作文 (4)应用文)应用文3. 作文类型模块化作文类型模块化 (1)对立观点型)对立观点型 (2)问题解决型)问题解决型 (3)说明利弊型)说明利弊型 (4)阐述主题型)阐述主题型 (5)图表八股型)图表八股型 (6)应用直白型)应用直白型 (7)夹叙夹议型)夹叙夹议型五写作步骤五写作步骤1审题审题2构思构思3选择合适框架选择合适框架4下笔下笔5检查修改检查修改六高分要诀六高分要诀-闪光点的凸现闪光点的凸现句型的使用句型的使用连贯性的处理连贯性的处理遣词遣词干涩、枯燥文句的处
6、理干涩、枯燥文句的处理语法规范的文句语法规范的文句 1. 以以there开始的句型开始的句型2. 以数词和量词开始的句型以数词和量词开始的句型3. 以介词开始的句型以介词开始的句型4. 以副词和副词短语开始的句型以副词和副词短语开始的句型句型的使用句型的使用句型的使用句型的使用5. 以以although, if, when, while, now that, since 及及as引导的句型引导的句型6. it做形式主语和做形式宾语做形式主语和做形式宾语7. 反问句反问句8. 非谓语做状语非谓语做状语9. 倒装倒装句型的使用句型的使用10. The more, the more 11. 虚拟语气
7、虚拟语气12. 插入插入13. 并列并列14. 强调强调15. 各种修辞手段各种修辞手段连贯性的处理连贯性的处理举例举例as an illustration; to illustrate; namely; as a proof; incidentally; a good case in point; specifically; for instance; for example; such as连贯性的处理连贯性的处理次序次序first(ly); first of all; first and foremost; first of all;in the first place; in the
8、beginning; to start with;to begin with; presently; currently; at present;temporarily; immediately; comparativelyeventually; last but not the least; lately连贯性的处理连贯性的处理原因原因for; as; since; now that; on account of; given that; owing to; due to; thanks to;because; because of; in that; considering that; s
9、eeing that连贯性的处理连贯性的处理强调强调above all; understandably; obviously; as a matter of fact; literally; surely; actually; factually; virtually; truly; theoretically; particularly; in particular; predictably; practically; undoubtedly; 连贯性的处理连贯性的处理增补增补besides; equally important; in addition;furthermore; whats
10、 more; moreover;additionally; in other words; likewise;to put it another way; to repeat;连贯性的处理连贯性的处理对比或对照对比或对照by contrast; in contrast; conversely; yet; on the other hand; otherwise; whereas;not only, but also; by comparison; in the same way; in the same manner;while; meanwhile; at the same time; in
11、stead; on the contrary; similarly; likewise; unlike; 连贯性的处理连贯性的处理转折或让步转折或让步after all; although; but for; though; clearly;in spite of; nevertheless; however; still;except for; on the contrary; or else; in a sense; otherwise; yet; at any rate; in any case; It is true that, but; True that, but连贯性的处理连贯性
12、的处理结论或结果结论或结果accordingly; as a result; consequently; in consequence; therefore; in this way;hence; for this(these) reason(s); in short; as has been mentioned/noted/stated above;eventually; in the end; in a word; all in all; 连贯性的处理连贯性的处理结论或结果结论或结果in brief; in conclusion; to conclude;on the whole; at
13、length; personally; in sum; to sum up; in summary; briefly; in general; generally; generally speaking; 遣词遣词因为因为关于关于经常经常很很;非常非常越来越越来越应该应该当前当前;现在现在许许多多许许多多大部分大部分一些一些on account of; owing to; in that; seeing thatconcerning; surrounding; regardingfrequently; commonly; normally exceptionally; significantl
14、y; extremelyincreasingly; an increasing number ofbe supposed / expected / obliged / to docurrently; presently; at presenta great many; many a; a large number of A vast / An overwhelming majority ofA number of; quite a few; 干涩、枯燥文句的处理干涩、枯燥文句的处理1.句型延伸句型延伸He is a student.2. 添加副词与形容词添加副词与形容词We should take measures against pollution.We take measures against pollution.are obliged toeffectiveefficientandimmediatelyserious / waterWish You All Great Wish You All Great Success!Success!