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1、Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROUnit 2 The Company ManEllen Goodman1 1Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROTeaching Schedule1.1 Pre-reading questions 1.2 Words and Expressions1.3 Text Study2.1 Text Study2.
2、2 Sum-up of the text3.1 Exercises 2 2Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROWhat is a workaholic?n nA workaholic is a person addicted to work. This addiction may be pleasurable to the victim or it may be burdensome and troubling.n nWorkaholism is believed t
3、o be a disease, akin to obsessive compulsive disorder. n nThe cause of workaholism is that professional achievements are tied up with self-image3 3Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO4 4Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO P
4、RESENTATIONPRO5 5Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO6 6Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO7 7Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO Group work: discussion What pr
5、essures do you think are company staff under? Name a few of them.8 8Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn n 1. 1. Pressure from workPressure from work：not enough rest; endless not enough rest; endless n n work to fulfill even on holidays. work to fulfill
6、 even on holidays.n n 2. 2. Pressure from competition of new staffPressure from competition of new staff：n n competent new comers in the company bring about competent new comers in the company bring aboutn n great pressure for the present ones. great pressure for the present ones.n n 3. 3. Pressure
7、of ones own further development:Pressure of ones own further development: n n these cause pressure and makes some white- collar these cause pressure and makes some white- collarn n workers worried. Some even recharge themselves workers worried. Some even recharge themselvesn n while working. while w
8、orking. n n 4. 4. Pressure from feelingPressure from feeling: unsatisfying problems in : unsatisfying problems in n n family. Some are faced with divorce, marriage, family. Some are faced with divorce, marriage, n n remarry. All these impose pressures, because they remarry. All these impose pressure
9、s, because theyn n make it difficult to concentrate on ones work. make it difficult to concentrate on ones work.n n 5. 5. Pressure from interpersonal relationshipPressure from interpersonal relationship: office: officen n philosophy philosophy 9 9Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PR
10、ESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO 1. Work while you work play while you 1. Work while you work play while you play; this is the way to be cheerful and play; this is the way to be cheerful and gay. gay. 2. Never put off the work till tomorrow 2. Never put off the work till tomorrow what you can put off t
11、oday. what you can put off today. 今日事，今日毕。今日事，今日毕。今日事，今日毕。今日事，今日毕。 3. All work and no play makes Jack a 3. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。expressions1010Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTAT
12、IONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO 4. Work smarter, not harder. 更有技巧地工作，而不是更努力地工作更有技巧地工作，而不是更努力地工作 5. Work has a bitter root but sweet fruit. German proverb 工作虽苦，果实却甘。工作虽苦，果实却甘。德国谚语德国谚语 6. Many hands make light work. 众人拾柴火焰高众人拾柴火焰高; 人多好办事。人多好办事。 7. Work makes the workman. 熟能生巧。熟能生巧。1111Presented ByPresented ByH
13、arry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROType A & Type B Personalityn nFriedman and Rosenman (1959) conducted studies on the link between stress and heart disease. One of the outcomes was the discovery of Type A and Type B personalities. 1212Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry
14、 Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROType A= stress junkiesn n Characteristics: impatient, excessively Characteristics: impatient, excessively time-conscious, insecure about their time-conscious, insecure about their status, highly competitive, hostile and status, highly competitive, hostile and
15、aggressive, and incapable of aggressive, and incapable of relaxation.relaxation.n nHighly achieving workaholics who, with Highly achieving workaholics who, with multi-tasks at once drive themselves multi-tasks at once drive themselves with deadlines, and are unhappy about with deadlines, and are unh
16、appy about the smallest of delays.the smallest of delays.n nIt is assumed that It is assumed that Type A people tend Type A people tend to have more risk of heart disease than to have more risk of heart disease than Type B people. Type B people. 1313Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills /
17、 PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROType Bn nYou probably know people who just seemed to be relaxed people who dont get angry often; they are patient and easy-going.n n these are the characteristics of a Type B. 1414Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn Type
18、 O nType O Blood people are said to set the mood for a group and to take on the role of creating harmony among its members. Their image is one of taking it easy, of being peaceful and carefree. They are also thought to be big-hearted and benevolent, and they tend to spend money on others generously.
19、 1515Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROPre-reading Questions1.1.Do you like to be a “white collar” in the future? How do you think of this kind of life? 2.2.How important do you think work is to a person? How to strike a balance between work and leisur
20、e?3.3.What do you think is an ideal life?1616Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROWords and Expressions1. work1. workaholicaholic n. alco n. alcoholic/ holic/ marijuanamarijuanaholicholic Do you know any workaholic around you? Do you know any workaholic a
21、round you?n nDeath from overwork, known as Death from overwork, known as karoshikaroshi, , has steadily increased since the Health has steadily increased since the Health Ministry first recognized the phenomenon Ministry first recognized the phenomenon in 1987.in 1987.n n过度工作造成的死亡，即过度工作造成的死亡，即“ “过劳死
22、过劳死” ”，从，从19871987年日本厚生省首次认定这一现象开始，年日本厚生省首次认定这一现象开始，一直在稳步增长。一直在稳步增长。n nFor deaths not designated For deaths not designated karoshi,karoshi, the the family gets next to nothing.family gets next to nothing.n n如果死亡不被认定是过劳死，受害者的家如果死亡不被认定是过劳死，受害者的家庭得不到任何东西。庭得不到任何东西。.1717Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mill
23、s /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn nOrigin n nWayne Oates, a professor of psychology of religion at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. However, it was the appearance of Oatess book Confessions of a Workaholic in 1971 that propelled that term and prompted many writers to start usin
24、g the suffixes -aholic, -holic, or -oholic to describe all-consuming obsessions, not all of them so serious.1818Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROSome proverbs about work n n1. 1. Work Work while while you you work work play play while while you you pl
25、ay play this is the way to be cheerful and gaythis is the way to be cheerful and gayn n2. 2. Never Never put put off off the the work work till till tomorrow tomorrow what what you can put off today. you can put off today. 今日事，今日毕今日事，今日毕n n3. 3. All All work work and and no no play play makes makes
26、Jack Jack a a dull dull boy. boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻n n4. 4. Work Work smarter, smarter, not not harder.harder.更更有有技技巧巧地地 工工作作，而不是更努力地工作。而不是更努力地工作。n n5. 5. Work Work has has a a bitter bitter root root but but sweet sweet fruit.-fruit.-German German proverb proverb 工工作作虽虽苦苦, ,果果实实却却甘甘- -
27、德德国国 谚语谚语n n6. 6. Many Many hands hands make make light light work.work.众众人人拾拾柴柴火火焰焰高高; ; 人多好办事。人多好办事。n n7. Work makes the workman. 7. Work makes the workman. 熟能生巧熟能生巧。1919Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO-holicn ngolfaholic, footballaholic, basketbal
28、l-oholic, bingoholic; n nbeerholic, alcoholic, ice- creamaholic; n nhashaholic (for hashish) or mariholic (for marijuana), tobaccoholic n nbook-oholic, gambler-oholic；movieoholic, teleholic, or phone-oholic. n nWhat holic are you?2020Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO
29、 PRESENTATIONPRO2. conceivably inconceivable: unimaginablen nIt is hardly conceivable that the five-year-old boy can calculate as fast as a computer.n nConceivably, interest rates could rise very high indeed.2121Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROWords
30、and Expressions3. executive n. A president of a company is an executive.n n CEO : Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官，总裁 CFO/COO ?n nan executive branch 行政部门n n首席财务官（Chief Financial Officer） n n首席运营官（Chief Operating Officer） 2222Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATI
31、ONPROexecute1) A government executes the decisions of the ruling party. (fml) to put into effect; carry out 2) The victims relatives expected to execute the murder. to put to death, especially by carrying out a lawful sentence.2323Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PR
32、ESENTATIONPRO4. survive n nThe company man is survived by his wife, Helen, who is forty-eight years old.n nThe wife survived her husband by 10 years.n n译：据说四川有个学校的学生在大地震中无一伤亡。n nIt is said that all the students in a school survived the major earthquake happening in Sichuan.2424Presented ByPresented
33、ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROWords and Expressions5. board v. & n. n nThe old man is very kind and boards five students from poverty-stricken families. n nWe only board there once in a while. n nThe board of directors will make the final decision. n nNow its time to ge
34、t on board.2525Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROWords and Expressions6. widow n. 寡妇 widower 鳏夫7. deceased the deceased wife/ father8. lineup Are you in full expectation of the great lineup of performers on the coming National Day? the great parade 262
35、6Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO Background information (2) Ellen Goodman is an American original. Her abundant talents-intellect, wit, style, news judgment-set her apart. Her Pulitzer Prize winning commentary appears in more than 375 newspapersElle
36、n Goodman(1941 ),2727Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROBackground informationProfession: journalist and columnist Achievements: 1980 Pulitzer Prize for commentary Write for Newsweek, the Detroit Free Press, and the Boston Globe.Works: Turning Points (1
37、979), Close to Home (1979), At Large (1981).2828Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO2929Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROBackground information (5)n nPulitzer PrizePulitzer Prizen nAny of several awards es
38、tablished by Joseph Pulitzer and conferred （ 赠 予 ） annually for accomplishment in various fields of American journalism, literature, and music.3030Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn nCan you summarize the text? The text talks about a company man The t
39、ext talks about a company man who who devoted all his thoughts and energy to workdevoted all his thoughts and energy to work and everything else secondary to that and and everything else secondary to that and the end might be considered the end might be considered tragically tragically heroicheroic:
40、 : he worked himself to deathhe worked himself to death. . n n The essay tries to describe The essay tries to describe how a how a company man devoted his life to his work company man devoted his life to his work and what role he played in his familyand what role he played in his family. It . It end
41、s in a ends in a satiricalsatirical way by which readers way by which readers can learn that can learn that it was it was the competitive the competitive societysociety that determines his attitude towards that determines his attitude towards work and caused his death. work and caused his death. 313
42、1Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn nText Structure:n n Para 1: introductionn n Para2-6: reports how devoted the man was to his work. n n Para7-13: describes Phils role in his family. n n Para 14-16: reports the company presidents inquiry for his succ
43、essor. Text Analysis3232Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROThe passage can be divided into four partsThe passage can be divided into four parts. . Part OnePart One: (Paragraph 1) : (Paragraph 1) This is introductory part of the text. The This is introdu
44、ctory part of the text. The first sentence provide the information first sentence provide the information about about “who”, “what”, “how” and “when”.“who”, “what”, “how” and “when”. “ “FinallyFinally” suggests the ” suggests the doomed endingdoomed ending of of the workaholic.the workaholic. “ “Pre
45、ciselyPrecisely”( ”(synonyms are synonyms are exactly, exactly, accurately, definitelyaccurately, definitely) emphasizes his ) emphasizes his devotion to work, as he died on a Sunday, devotion to work, as he died on a Sunday, a day when people are supposed to take a day when people are supposed to t
46、ake a rest.a rest.3333Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO Part Two: (Paragraphs 2-6) This part reports This part reports how devoted the man how devoted the man was to his workwas to his work. . Unlike most essays which usually make it Unlike most essay
47、s which usually make it clear who the character is at the very clear who the character is at the very beginning, beginning, this essay begins with the pronoun this essay begins with the pronoun “ “HeHe”. ”. Readers only get to know the first name of Readers only get to know the first name of the dec
48、eased, not his full name. This, on the the deceased, not his full name. This, on the one hand, is meant to get the fact that one hand, is meant to get the fact that workaholicismworkaholicism has become a common has become a common phenomenonphenomenon. The deceased was only one of . The deceased wa
49、s only one of the many workaholics who the many workaholics who bury themselves in bury themselves in their work and forget all about their their work and forget all about their individuality. individuality. 3434Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO Part
50、ThreePart Three: : (Para. 7-13): (Para. 7-13): This part describes Phils role in his familyThis part describes Phils role in his family. . At home, At home, the wifethe wife has lost her husband to his has lost her husband to his work for many years. work for many years. And his And his eldest sonel
51、dest son tried to know what his tried to know what his father was like from his neighbors. father was like from his neighbors. His His daughterdaughter found nothing to talk with him found nothing to talk with him and his and his youngest sonyoungest son had very little to share had very little to s
52、hare with him. To his children, he seems like a with him. To his children, he seems like a stranger.stranger. 3535Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO Part Four: (Paragraph 14-16)Part Four: (Paragraph 14-16) After After the cause of Phils deaththe cause
53、of Phils death being restated, being restated, the author goes on to report the author goes on to report the company the company presidents inquiry for his successorpresidents inquiry for his successor. . By putting contradictory actions or ideas By putting contradictory actions or ideas together su
54、ch as “work himselfat 3:00 a.m. together such as “work himselfat 3:00 a.m. Sunday morning”, “On Sundays, Phil wore a Sunday morning”, “On Sundays, Phil wore a sports jacket to the office” “he (his son) went sports jacket to the office” “he (his son) went around the neighborhood researching his aroun
55、d the neighborhood researching his father”, the author father”, the author creates the imagine of a creates the imagine of a workaholicworkaholic, who worked on days when others , who worked on days when others were having their holidays and who failed to were having their holidays and who failed to
56、 be a qualified husband and father while being be a qualified husband and father while being successful in his career. successful in his career. 3636Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROComprehension questions (1)n n1. what is meant by the sentence “she w
57、ould be well taken care of” in Paragraph 8?n nKey: It means that the company Phil worked for would provide some financial help for his wife so as to relieve her of any possible worries about finance.3737Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROComprehension q
58、uestions (2)n n2. why is the phrase “dearly beloved” repeated when referring to his children in Paragraph 9?n nKey: create a sarcastic effect for his relationship with his children was far from being close and intimate and he devoted too little to his children.3838Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills
59、 /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROComprehension questions (3)n n3. What do you think is the relationship like between Phil and the three children?n nKey: Refer to Paragraphs 912. . . failing fatherfailing father His His eldest eldest son: son: knowing knowing little little about about h
60、imhim His His daughter: daughter: nothing nothing to to say say when when stayingstaying along with him. along with him. His His younger younger son:son: remarked remarked bitterlybitterly that that his his father father and and he he only only boarded boarded at at the home. the home. distant and e
61、strangeddistant and estranged.3939Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROComprehension questions (4)n n4.what is the implication of the ending? Key: Key: It It impliesimplies the the story story of of PhilPhil sees sees no no endend: : He He will will soon
62、soon be be replaced replaced by by an an equally equally hardworking hardworking guy guy who who may may following following in in his his steps steps andand repeat repeat the the same same tragedytragedy. . Bosses Bosses are are always always on on the the lookout lookout for for workaholics workah
63、olics and and they they are are never never in in short short supply. supply. The The ending ending is full ofis full of sarcasm and bitterness.sarcasm and bitterness.4040Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROComprehension questions (5)n n5. Do you think i
64、t is a sheer waste of life to die so young for working so hard? What can you learn from the story of Phil?4141Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText Study (Paragraph 1)1.1.Can you tell other English words which Can you tell other English words which ha
65、ve the same idea of “have the same idea of “preciselyprecisely”? ”? 2.2. synonyms synonyms: exactly, accurately, : exactly, accurately, definitelydefinitely3.3.What information can you get from the 1What information can you get from the 1stst paragraph?paragraph?4.4.What do the adverbs “What do the
66、adverbs “finally and preciselyfinally and precisely” ” suggest?suggest? “ “finallyfinally” suggests ” suggests the doomed ending of a the doomed ending of a workaholicworkaholic. “. “preciselyprecisely” suggests ” suggests hishis devotion to workdevotion to work, as he died on a Sunday, , as he died
67、 on a Sunday, a day when people are supposed to rest.a day when people are supposed to rest.4242Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO2. 2. one of six one of six vicevice-presidents-presidents1)1)汉语汉语汉语汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以
68、“ “副副副副” ”字字字字，英英英英译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况，可可可可选择选择选择选择vice, associate, assistant, deputyvice, associate, assistant, deputy等词等词等词等词。相应相应相应相应而言，而言，而言，而言，vicevice使用面较使用面较使用面较使用面较广广广广副总统（或大学副校长）副总统（或大学副校长）vice president副主席（或系副主任副主席（或系副主任）vice chairma
69、n副总理副总理vice premierWords and Expressions (Paragraphs 2-6)Words and Expressions (Paragraphs 2-6)4343Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO副部长副部长vice minister副省长副省长vice governor副市长副市长vice mayor副领事副领事vice consul副校长（中小学）副校长（中小学）vice principal4444Presented ByPr
70、esented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO 2) 2) 行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的“ “副副副副” ”职称往职称往职称往职称往 往用不同的词表达，最为常用的英语词是往用不同的词表达，最为常用的英语词是往用不同的词表达，最为常用的英语词是往用不同的词表达，最为常用的英语词是 associate associate 副教授副教授 associate professor副研究员副研究员associate resea
71、rch fellow副主编副主编associate managing editor副审判长副审判长associate judge副主任医师副主任医师associate senior doctor4545Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO3) 3) 有些英语职位头衔，如有些英语职位头衔，如有些英语职位头衔，如有些英语职位头衔，如manager, headmaster,manager, headmaster,其副其副其副其副职头衔可冠以职头衔可冠以职头衔可冠以职头衔可冠
72、以assistant assistant 。副总经理副总经理assistant/deputy general manager,assistant/deputy managing director大堂副理（宾馆）大堂副理（宾馆）assistant manager4646Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO4) 4) 以以以以director director 表示的职位的副职常以表示的职位的副职常以表示的职位的副职常以表示的职位的副职常以deputy directord
73、eputy director表表表表示。此外，示。此外，示。此外，示。此外，secretary, mayor, deansecretary, mayor, dean等头衔的副职也等头衔的副职也等头衔的副职也等头衔的副职也可冠以可冠以可冠以可冠以deputydeputy。副秘书长副秘书长deputy secretary-general副书记副书记deputy secretary副市长副市长deputy mayor副院长副院长deputy dean4747Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESE
74、NTATIONPRO( (advadv.): in a manner that can be imagined .): in a manner that can be imagined or believed.or believed.e.g. If we persist in working that hard, e.g. If we persist in working that hard, conceivably conceivably well harvest a promising well harvest a promising progress in the future.prog
75、ress in the future. conceivableconceivablee.g.e.g. 难以想象这么小的孩子能跑这么快。难以想象这么小的孩子能跑这么快。难以想象这么小的孩子能跑这么快。难以想象这么小的孩子能跑这么快。It is hardly It is hardly conceivableconceivable that such a that such a small/little kid can run so fast.small/little kid can run so fast. 她她她她千方百计地千方百计地千方百计地千方百计地赚钱。赚钱。赚钱。赚钱。She earne
76、d money She earned money by every conceivable by every conceivable means.means.3. conceivably 4848Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROoverweightn nweighing more than is normal, necessary, or allowed, especially having more body weight than is considered
77、normal or healthy for ones age or build.n nCompare: fat, obese, fleshy, stout（壮士的）, pudgy(矮胖的）, plump, chubby（圆胖的)4949Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn nThe most neutral term is The most neutral term is overweightoverweight. .1) 1) “ “FatFat” ” is is
78、 the the most most usual usual and and direct direct adjective adjective to to describe describe people people with with excess excess flesh, flesh, but but it it is is not polite.not polite.e.g. That guy is not merely overweight e.g. That guy is not merely overweight but utterly fat.but utterly fat
79、.2) 2) “ “Obese”:Obese”: (fml (fml or or medical) medical) (of (of peoplepeople) ) very very fat fat (Doctors (Doctors use use obese obese to to describe describe people people who who are so overweight that they are are so overweight that they are unhealthyunhealthy.) .)e.g. e.g. ObeseObese patient
80、s patients are are advised advised to to change change their their diet.diet.3) 3) “ “StoutStout” ” is is sometimes sometimes used used as as a a polite polite term term to to describe describe fatness. fatness. It It indicates indicates overall overall heaviness of the body. (heaviness of the body.
81、 (身体胖得匀称身体胖得匀称身体胖得匀称身体胖得匀称) )e.g. Even slim girls can become e.g. Even slim girls can become stoutstout housewives. housewives.5050Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO 4) “Pudgy” (infml) means short and fat. e.g. His pudgy fingers look really funny. 5) T
82、o be polite, we can use “plump” applies to a slight or attractive fullness of figure. e.g. Everybody loves Rita, the plump, rosy little girl. 6) “Chubby” indicates pleasant roundness in babies and cheeks. e.g. a chubby toddler; chubby cheeks5151Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRES
83、ENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROExercises 1. It is impolite to describe people with excess flesh using _, but _ is okay, for its neutral.2. Doctors suggest people have less fast food, in order not to be _.3. There was a time when the _ figure caught on. 4. The _ kid has funny _ fingers.pudgy chubby plump
84、/stoutobese overweight fat 5252Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText Study1. The obituary didnt say that,2. It saidhe died of - I think that was it but knew it instantly. die of / die from3. He was a perfect Type A, a classic, typical5353Presented ByP
85、resented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText Study (Paragraphs 2-6)4. on ones day off Well have 7 days off soon.5. and one of the three who might conceivably have moved to the top spot. ( Why is subjunctive mood used here?)5454Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry M
86、ills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO6. Why isnt the name of the deceased mentioned at the very beginning? On one hand, it is meant to get the readers involved in finding out who is being discussed; on the other, it suggests that a workaholic buries himself in his work so much that he forgets all a
87、bout his individuality.5555Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO7. unless, of course, you think about a 7. unless, of course, you think about a monthly golf game that way. monthly golf game that way. 8. To Phil, 8. To Phil, it it was work. was work. 9. Wh
88、at type of man was the deceased 9. What type of man was the deceased from the paragraphs?from the paragraphs? (Tell as many facts as you can) (Tell as many facts as you can)10. What was the mans position in the 10. What was the mans position in the company?company?11. What can you learn from paragra
89、ph 5?11. What can you learn from paragraph 5?Saturday is a day for him to change to a Saturday is a day for him to change to a casual wear.casual wear.5656Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO(Paragraphs 7-13)n nsurvive bysurvive by: to live longer than;
90、to outlive: to live longer than; to outliveEg. Eg. My My father father survived survived my my mother mother by by 10 10 years.years.n nmarketable: marketable: easy easy to to sell; sell; attractive attractive to to customers customers or or employers:employers:可可销销售售的的; ; 有有销销路的路的e.g. e.g. There Th
91、ere are are many many marketable marketable products products there. there. It It is is a a good good idea idea to to list list your your marketable marketable skills before heading for the job fair.skills before heading for the job fair.5757Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENT
92、ATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText StudyA company friend said, “I know how much A company friend said, “I know how much you will you will miss miss him.” And she answered, “him.” And she answered, “I I already havealready have.” .” “ “MissingMissing him all these years,” him all these years,” n nDo you Do
93、 you missmiss your family while you are your family while you are studying here?studying here?n nDont Dont missmiss the chance offered by the the chance offered by the pany.n nDo you know the implied meaning of “I Do you know the implied meaning of “I already have?”already have?”5858Presented ByPres
94、ented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROHow to under stand the sentenceA company friend said, “I know how much you will miss him.” And she answered, “I already have.”-Pun She meant to say that Phil was so engrossed in work that he neglected his family. She had already lost
95、him to his work for many years.5959Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText Study (Paragraphs 7-13)3. She would be “She would be “well taken care ofwell taken care of.” .” His “ dearly beloved” eldest His “ dearly beloved” eldest He was the one who tried
96、 to grab at his He was the one who tried to grab at his father, and tried to mean enough to him to father, and tried to mean enough to him to keep the man at home.keep the man at home.n nTell the Tell the implied ideasimplied ideas of these expressions. of these expressions.n nsarcastic effectsarcas
97、tic effectn nfar from close and intimatefar from close and intimaten ndevoting too littledevoting too little4. 4. stayed upstayed up nights nights worryingworrying about the boy. about the boy.n nDo you often stay up nightsDo you often stay up nightsn n doing your work? doing your work?6060Presented
98、 ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROparaphraseparaphrase“doing enough “doing enough oddodd jobs to stay in grass jobs to stay in grass and food.”and food.”doing enough temporary jobs to stay alive on drug doing enough temporary jobs to stay alive on drug and food
99、. and food. odd odd 1) What an odd desk! Weve never seen it.1) What an odd desk! Weve never seen it.strangestrange2) 1, 3, 5 and 7 are 2) 1, 3, 5 and 7 are oddodd numbers. numbers.(of (of numbers) numbers) that that can can not not be be divided divided by by two; two; not not eveneven3) 3) Twenty-o
100、dd years later, you will be Twenty-odd years later, you will be ( (usu usu placed placed directly directly after after a a number) number) a a little little more more thanthanodd jobsodd jobssmall small jobs jobs of of various various types, types, usu usu done done for for other other peoplepeopleg
101、rab atgrab at: seize desperately: seize desperately6161Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn n grab at sb/sth: (attempt to) seize sb/sth eagerly or desperately: seize sb/sth eagerly or desperately: n n 他伸手去拽男孩，还是没防到他摔倒。他伸手去拽男孩，还是没防到他摔倒。n nHe He grabbed a
102、tgrabbed at the boy, but could not the boy, but could not save him from falling.save him from falling.n n竭力找借口避免干不好的工作。竭力找借口避免干不好的工作。n n(fig) grabbing at any excuse to avoid an (fig) grabbing at any excuse to avoid an unpleasant task.unpleasant task.6262Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mil
103、ls / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO7. the fifty-one-year old deceased had meant much dead, deceased, departed, late, inanimatedead常表语，指常表语，指“死的死的”；deceased指指人人“最最近近死死的的”，多多用用于于法律；法律；departed指指“最最近近死死的的”，多多用用于于宗宗教教，是委婉语，仅指是委婉语，仅指死者死者；late“已故的已故的”，多用于刚死的，多用于刚死的人人；inanimate意意为为“没没有有生生命命的的，没没有有生生气的气的”。
104、6363Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROExercises 1. The tiger has been _ for at least two days according to the expert.2. The _ man left no will or legacy. 3. In a funeral, the priest prays for the _. 4. The story is about the _ hero.5. Their _ conversa
105、tion is about the _ stone.late inanimate departeddeceased dead inanimate 6464Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText Study (Paragraphs 7-13)5. Did Phils children know him well? How 5. Did Phils children know him well? How do you know?do you know?6. 6. m
106、ean muchmean much to someonebe missed, to someonebe missed, and hard to replace (Explain)and hard to replace (Explain)7. 7. look someone in the eyelook someone in the eyen nOwen did something wrong. He did not Owen did something wrong. He did not dare to look his father in the eye. dare to look his
107、father in the eye. 6565Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO8. read her bitternessn nI can read your mind like a book. She read a different meaning in what he had said.n n译：他可是个令人难以理解的人。n nHes a person hard to read.6666Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills
108、/Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO9. straighten out:straighten sth outstraighten sth outTo To settle or resolvesettle or resolve sth; to sth; to removeremove difficulties from sthdifficulties from sthe.g.e.g. e.g. We need someone capable of e.g. We need someone capable of straightening o
109、ut all the confusion. straightening out all the confusion. straighten sb outstraighten sb out(infml) to (infml) to remove remove doubt or ignorance in doubt or ignorance in ones mindones minde.g. Traditionally a teacher is expected e.g. Traditionally a teacher is expected to to straightenstraighten
110、puzzled students puzzled students outout. .6767Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn nI was then muddled about the registration I was then muddled about the registration procedures. Luckily, she came in time to procedures. Luckily, she came in time to st
111、raightenstraighten me me outout. . 我当时正被登记手续搞得稀里糊涂，可巧她来得我当时正被登记手续搞得稀里糊涂，可巧她来得正好，帮我摆平了。正好，帮我摆平了。n n他的经营情况糟糕透了，要整顿好需要花很多时他的经营情况糟糕透了，要整顿好需要花很多时间。间。n nHis business are in a terrible mess, they will His business are in a terrible mess, they will take ages to take ages to straighten out.straighten out.n n
112、Straight out?Straight out?n nI told him I told him straight outstraight out that he was talking that he was talking nonsense.nonsense.6868Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText Study (Paragraphs 14-16)1.1.a hear-attack natural : a person, by nature, is
113、 suited for a heart attackn nnatural n. a person who has the natural tendency of doing sth. eg. Hes a natural for the post.1.1.pick out 译：你能从这张老照片里认出你妈妈吗？ Can you pick out your mother from the old picture?6969Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROinquiry n
114、. n na request for help or information; an investigationHow to say “问询处”? office/ information officen nDont hesitate to check with our workers at the inquiry desk/office when in doubtv. demand, require, claim, request7070Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATION
115、PRO1). demand表示强烈要求。若主语是人，表示强烈要求。若主语是人，包含依据权利要求；若主语是物，含包含依据权利要求；若主语是物，含义为需求或要求，可直接接宾语。义为需求或要求，可直接接宾语。2). require虽然有时可以与虽然有时可以与demand换换用，但用，但require的确切含义应当是对的确切含义应当是对所要求的事要绝对服从，有时这种要所要求的事要绝对服从，有时这种要求带有法律的或规章的强迫性。求带有法律的或规章的强迫性。3). claim要求承认自己对某物的所有权。要求承认自己对某物的所有权。4). request指指“通过正式手续或非常有通过正式手续或非常有礼貌、客
116、气地请求礼貌、客气地请求”， 常用于常用于 “恐怕恐怕对方由于种种原因不能对方由于种种原因不能 答应答应”的场合。的场合。7171Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROExercises 1. The boss _ that Mary finish the project before next Monday.2. You are sincerely _ to be present at the gathering. 3. Every citizen may _ the
117、 protection of the law. 4. Students are _ to attend classes.claimrequested demanded required 7272Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROPara. 14n n.a hear-attack naturaln na person who has the tendency to suffer a heart-attack(n.) person considered ideally
118、suited for a role, a job, an activity, etce.g. The black are regarded as naturals for sports. He doesnt spend much time in learning playing violin, for he seems to be a natural for it.7373Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRO4. What does the ending “ Whos
119、 been 4. What does the ending “ Whos been working the hardest?” imply?working the hardest?” imply? This question shows that being This question shows that being hard-hard-working is the deciding factor in working is the deciding factor in determiningdetermining whether one will be whether one will b
120、e promoted. promoted. From this, we can learn that it was this From this, we can learn that it was this social value of the competitive societysocial value of the competitive society that determined Phils attitude towards that determined Phils attitude towards work and caused his death.work and caus
121、ed his death.7474Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROText Study (Paragraphs 14-16)5. How many times is “he finally worked himself to death, at precisely 3:00 a.m. Sunday morning” repeated in the essay? Why is it repeated? Three times. By repeating the se
122、ntence, the author tells us the personality of the man and suggests that the man is destined to be exhausted.7575Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRORhetorical Analysis n nIn colloquial style, Goodman depicts ironically the life of a workaholic and his f
123、amily.n nWhat devices are adopted to make her writing more effective?7676Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn nRepetition n nParallelismn nVariation of length of sentences n nFind some examples from the text for each.7777Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mi
124、lls /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPRODevelop the ideas by employing facts：n nThe man devoted all his time and energy to his work.n nHe was somewhat remote from his children. 7878Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROTranslation exercises1.1.50
125、50年代出生的人一般都是工作狂，而且以工年代出生的人一般都是工作狂，而且以工年代出生的人一般都是工作狂，而且以工年代出生的人一般都是工作狂，而且以工作为荣。作为荣。作为荣。作为荣。(workaholic)(workaholic)2.2.课外活动有助于促进学生的社交活动，增进课外活动有助于促进学生的社交活动，增进课外活动有助于促进学生的社交活动，增进课外活动有助于促进学生的社交活动，增进同学间的相互了解。同学间的相互了解。同学间的相互了解。同学间的相互了解。(extracurricular)(extracurricular)3.3.高考前我们经常熬夜复习功课。高考前我们经常熬夜复习功课。高考前我
126、们经常熬夜复习功课。高考前我们经常熬夜复习功课。(stay up)(stay up)4.4.PhilPhil的追悼会刚结束，总裁就开始寻找一个的追悼会刚结束，总裁就开始寻找一个的追悼会刚结束，总裁就开始寻找一个的追悼会刚结束，总裁就开始寻找一个要像他一样玩命工作的人来替代他。要像他一样玩命工作的人来替代他。要像他一样玩命工作的人来替代他。要像他一样玩命工作的人来替代他。(replace)(replace)5.5.她长得很高，很漂亮，我想你一眼就能认出她长得很高，很漂亮，我想你一眼就能认出她长得很高，很漂亮，我想你一眼就能认出她长得很高，很漂亮，我想你一眼就能认出她来。她来。她来。她来。(pic
127、k out)(pick out)6.6.没有足够的衣食，这些穷人难以度过即将到没有足够的衣食，这些穷人难以度过即将到没有足够的衣食，这些穷人难以度过即将到没有足够的衣食，这些穷人难以度过即将到来的寒冬。来的寒冬。来的寒冬。来的寒冬。(survive)(survive)7979Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROAnswer1.1.People born in 1950s are generally People born in 1950s are generally
128、workaholicsworkaholics and moreover, they and moreover, they take pride intake pride in working hard. working hard. 2.2.Extracurricular Extracurricular activities not only activities not only contribute tocontribute to promoting the social life of students but help promoting the social life of stude
129、nts but help them understand each other better. them understand each other better. 3.3.We often We often stayed upstayed up reviewing our class before reviewing our class before the national college entrance examination. the national college entrance examination. 4.4.Only after the funeral for Phil
130、did the president Only after the funeral for Phil did the president begin to look for a man who is working as hard begin to look for a man who is working as hard as him, to as him, to replacereplace him. him. 5.5.She is a very tall and beautiful girl. You wont She is a very tall and beautiful girl.
131、You wont have any trouble have any trouble picking her outpicking her out, I think., I think.6.6.Without enough food and clothing, the poor Without enough food and clothing, the poor people would not be able to people would not be able to survivesurvive the coming the coming harsh winter.harsh winte
132、r.8080Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROExercisesnText Comprehension I. IInVocabulary exercises II. IV V.nGrammar exercisesnTranslation exercises8181Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROHow to deliver a good
133、 presentationn nTalk to your audience, dont read to them! A presentation is not the same as an essay. If you read out your presentation as if it were an essay, your audience will probably understand very little and will lose concentration quickly.8282Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills
134、/ PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROHow to deliver a good presentationn nUse notes, cue cards as prompts 提示提示, and speak to the audience.n nInclude everyone by looking at them and maintaining eye-contact (but dont stare or glare at people).n nWatch your language! Keep it simple. The aim is to communica
135、te, not to show off your vocabulary. 8383Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROHow to deliver a good presentationn nEmphasize the Emphasize the key pointskey points and make and make sure people realize which are the key sure people realize which are the k
136、ey points.points.n nRepeat them using Repeat them using different phrasingdifferent phrasing. . 增加增加 ： add to ; enhance, multiplyadd to ; enhance, multiply 一个城市的发展往往会使其周边的土地升一个城市的发展往往会使其周边的土地升值。值。 The development of a city often The development of a city often adds toadds to the value of the land cl
137、ose to it. the value of the land close to it. The development of a city often The development of a city often enhancesenhances / / multipliesmultiplies the value of the the value of the land close of it. land close of it. n nCheck the Check the pronunciationpronunciation of difficult, of difficult,
138、unusual, or foreign words beforehand. unusual, or foreign words beforehand. 8484Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROHow to deliver a good presentationn nUse your voice to communicate clearly Use your voice to communicate clearly n nSpeak Speak loudlyloud
139、ly enough for everyone in the enough for everyone in the room to hear you. room to hear you. If people cant hear you, they wont listen. If people cant hear you, they wont listen. n nSpeak Speak slowly and clearlyslowly and clearly. . Dont rush! Speaking fast doesnt make Dont rush! Speaking fast does
140、nt make you seem smarter, it will only make it you seem smarter, it will only make it harder for other people to understand harder for other people to understand you. you. n nKey wordsKey words are important. Speak them are important. Speak them out slowly and loudly. out slowly and loudly. 8585Pres
141、ented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROMAIN IDEAS 0F TEXT 2MAIN IDEAS 0F TEXT 2n nThe The Unhappy American WayUnhappy American Way attempts to tell attempts to tell the readers the major causes that prevent the readers the major causes that prevent people from
142、being happy is that most people from being happy is that most Americans act on some principles rather than Americans act on some principles rather than on impulse. They believe in a general theory on impulse. They believe in a general theory on how to make one happy, but the theory is on how to make
143、 one happy, but the theory is basically false. A competitive struggle basically false. A competitive struggle dominates life in which dominates life in which happiness lies in happiness lies in getting ahead of those who are your getting ahead of those who are your neighbors, colleagues or friendsne
144、ighbors, colleagues or friends. They forget . They forget joys devoid of competitive elements. If people joys devoid of competitive elements. If people desire to live a healthy and happy life, they desire to live a healthy and happy life, they should allow impulse to have sufficient scope should all
145、ow impulse to have sufficient scope to remain alive and they should preserve a to remain alive and they should preserve a range of interest. range of interest. 8686Presented ByPresented ByHarry Mills /Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO PRESENTATIONPROn nA topic for discussion What are the causes that prevent people from being happy?8787
