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1、Text Catching Crabs 1 In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. The relaxed atmosphere of the preceding summer semester, the impromptu ball games, the boating on the Charles River, the late-night parties had disappeared, and we all started to get our heads down, studying late, and attendance
2、at classes rose steeply again. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Text Most important of course were the final exams inApril and May in the following year. No one wanted thehumiliation
3、of finishing last in class, so the peer grouppressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which wereonce empty after five oclock in the afternoon werestanding room only until the early hours of the morning,and guys wore the bags under their eyes and theirpale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals pro
4、ving theirdiligence.Text 抓抓 螃螃 蟹蟹 1 大学最后一年的秋天，我们的心情变了。刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查尔斯河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影，我们开始埋头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再次急剧上升。我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。Text 当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰
5、他们勤奋好学的奖章。Text Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year.This is a conversational elliptical sentence. A standard way of saying this is: The most important things, of course, were the final exams in April and May in the following year.Language Points 翻译：翻译：
6、下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。 No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong.Peer group pressure is the pressure to conform that people, especially children and young people, often feel from the immediate group of those around them who are of the sam
7、e age or status.Language Points 翻译：翻译：我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。humiliation n.1) U the unhappy and ashamed feeling that you get when sth. embarrassing happens 耻辱；丢脸e.g. I felt humiliation at her remarks. 听到她的话我感到很耻辱。2) C sth. that makes you feel very embarrassed and ashamed 耻辱之事；丢脸的事e.g.
8、Never forget our national humiliation. 勿忘国耻。Word family: humiliate v. Words & Phrases Libraries . were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.The expression standing
9、 room only means there are no more seats available because the place is crowded. This expression is often used in public performances, for sports events and on public transport to mean that you have to stand because the place is packed with people.Language Points diligence n. U (fml) the attitude or
10、 behaviour of someone who works very hard and very carefully 勤奋；用功e.g. Diligence leads to success while laziness results in failure. 勤奋会带来成功，而懒惰将导致失败。 Word family: diligent a.e.g. In learning, the work of a diligent fool doubles that of a lazy wit. 在学习上，一个以勤补拙的人的实效会成倍于一个懒惰的聪明人。 Words & PhrasesBags u
11、nder their eyes refer to loose dark areas of skin that you get when you have not had enough sleep.The expression guys wore the bags under their eyes with pride means that the students were proud that their tired appearance showed how hard they had been studying, and the bags under their eyes were li
12、ke medals.Language Points 翻译：翻译：图书馆现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。impromptu a. & ad. done without being planned, prepared, or organized 即兴的（地）；无准备的（地）e.g. 1. An impromptu visit broke up the long afternoon. 突然的造访打破了漫长的午后时光。2. I quite by chance got drawn into a kind of
13、impromptu party downstairs. 我碰巧被拉去参加楼下那种临时组织起来的舞会。3. A facile speaker can face any audience impromptu. 出口成章的演说家能随时面对任何观众。Words & Phrasesattendance n.1) U the fact of being present at an event or of going regularly to school, church etc. 出席；参加2) C, U the number of people who are present at an event o
14、r in a place such as a school or church 出席人数Translate the following into Chinese:1. Her attendance at church was very patchy. 她去教堂的时间很不规则。2. Despite falling attendances, the zoo will stay open. 尽管来参观的人不断减少，动物园将继续开放。Words & Phrasessteeply ad. in a steep manner（上升或下降）急剧地，大起大落地Word family:steep a. a st
15、eep increase or fall in sth. is sudden and very big 急剧升降的 e.g.1. The plane climbed steeply. 飞机陡直地爬升。2. Export orders continued to fall steeply. 出口订单继续大幅下跌。3. The price of vegetables has risen steeply. 蔬菜的价格猛涨。Words & Phrases2 But there was something else. At the back of everyones mind was what we wo
16、uld do next, when we left university in a few months time. It wasnt always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were going to do. Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out. One had landed a job in his brothers advertis
17、ing firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood.Text It wasnt always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were going to do.A high flyer refers to someone who has achieved a lot and has the ability and determination to continue to be su
18、ccessful in their studies or job. In university, a high flyer is a top student.Language Points 翻译：翻译：并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚自己将来要做什么。flyer n. C 1) (infml) a person, animal, or vehicle that can go very fast 有雄心壮志的人；杰出的人e.g. He is acknowledged as a high flyer with high marks. 他是大家公认的心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生。 2) a
19、 bird, insect, or animal that flies in a particular way 飞鸟；飞行物e.g. This is the bluethroat, a beautiful bird and magnificent flyer. 照片上这种华美的飞鸟叫蓝喉。 Words & Phrases3) an announcement or advertisement that is printed on a sheet of paper and given to people 传单，小广告e.g. People were giving out flyers advert
20、ising the event. 人们在分发传单宣传这个项目。 4) an aircraft pilot 飞行员e.g. Even during his first ride on a broomstick, Harry was recognized as an outstanding flyer. 哈利第一次骑上飞天扫帚就被认定是一位杰出的飞行员了。Words & Phrases Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out.T
21、o have something mapped out means to have something that will happen planned in detail.Language Points 翻译：翻译：常常是那些平日里默默无闻的同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。impressive a. if sth. is impressive, you admire it, for example because it is very good, large, or shows great skill 令人钦佩的；令人印象深刻的e.g. 1. It was an impressiv
22、e list of achievements. 那份成绩单让人印象深刻。2. His collection of paintings is the most impressive. 他的绘画收藏令人叹为观止。Word family: impress v. impression n.Words & Phrasesmap out: plan in detail how sth. will happen 详细计划e.g. 1. I like to map out the whole week in advance. 我喜欢预先把整整一周的事作出安排。 2. They held a meeting t
23、o take stock of last years achievements and map out tasks for the new year. 他们开了一个会来盘点去年的成绩，规划新的一年的任务。Words & Phrases One had landed a job in his brothers advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood.To land a job means to get a job that you
24、wanted.Provisional acceptance refers to an acceptance which is arranged (in principle), but is not yet definite. It is temporary and could be changed.Language Points 翻译：翻译：有位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞草签了合约。Madison Avenue （纽约市的）麦迪逊大街（美国广告业中心）Words & Phrases Madison Avenue is a north-
25、south avenue in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. Its a fashionable shopping street. The name became famous as a synonym for the advertising industry, although many of these agencies have now relocated. provisional a. intended to be temporary, and likely to be changed when other arrangement
26、s are made 临时的；暂时性的；暂定的e.g. 1. They write to give their provisional acceptance of the contract. 他们写信临时接受此项合同。2. Clive and I shook hands on a provisional agreement ten minutes ago. 10分钟前，克莱夫和我达成了一项临时协议。 Words & PhrasesThe most ambitious student among us was going towork as a party activist at a local
27、 level. We all sawhim ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day.But most people were either looking to continue theirstudies, or to make a living with a white-collar job ina bank, local government, or anything which wouldpay them enough to have a comfortable time in theirearly twenties, and the
28、n settle down with a family, amortgage and some hope of promotion.Text The most ambitious student among us was going to work as a party activist at a local level.A party activist is someone who takes part in activities that are intended to achieve political change, someone who is a member of a polit
29、ical organization.Language Points 翻译：翻译：我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个政党活动家。 We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day.To end up somewhere means to be in a particular place or state after doing something or because of it. Here, a party activist might end up in Congress, as a result of ma
30、king career progress.Language Points 翻译：翻译：我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国会议员。senate n. (the Senate) the more senior part of the US Congress（美国）参议院e.g. The Senate has voted to support the Presidents defense plans. 参议院已经投票支持总统的防卫计划。 Word family: senator n. 参议员Words & Phrasescongress n.1) (Congress) the group of peo
31、ple chosen or elected to make laws in the US 美国国会e.g. Congress consists of two parts, the House of Representatives and the Senate. 美国国会由两部分组成：众议院和参议院。2) C a large meeting of members of a political group （政党的）大会e.g. This matter will be discussed in congress tomorrow. 这个问题将在明天的代表大会上讨论。 Words & Phrases
32、 But most people were either looking to continue their studies and then settle down with a family, a mortgage and some hope of promotion.To look to continue their studies here means to hope or expect to continue their studies whether they can do so would probably depend on their exam results and gra
33、des. You can also look to someone for help, advice or support.Language Points 翻译：翻译：但大多数同学不是准备继续深造，（就是）然后就娶妻生子，贷款买房，期望升职，过安稳日子。mortgage n. C a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a bank or financial organization in order to buy a house 抵押；抵押借款；按揭You pay back your mortgage by making monthl
34、y payments, plus interest. Thus, getting a mortgage for many young people means getting a flat or house of their own. e.g. 1. a mortgage slave2. Do you have a mortgage on your house? 你的房子在抵押贷款吗？3. On my present salary I cant get a mortgage. 靠我现在的工资没办法办到按揭贷款。Words & Phrases房奴promotion n. C, U 1) a mo
35、ve to a higher level in a company, institution, or sport 提升，晋升2) the activity of encouraging or supporting something 鼓励，提倡Translate the following into Chinese.1. He has filled all requirements for promotion. 他已具备晋升的一切条件。 2.The government adopts a policy of employment promotion and has effectively so
36、lved the problem. 政府实施了就业促进政策，较为有效地解决了就业问题。Word family: promote v.Words & Phrases3 I went home at Thanksgiving, and inevitably, mybrothers and sisters kept asking me what I wasplanning to do. I didnt know what to say. Actually, I didknow what to say, but I thought theyd probably criticizeme, so I to
37、ld them what everyone else was thinking ofdoing.Text inevitably ad. used for saying that sth. is certain to happen 必然地，不可避免地e.g. Historical experience has proven that the exercise of power without restraint and supervision inevitably leads to corruption. 历史经验证明无限制地、缺乏监督地行使权力不可避免地会导致腐败。 Word family:
38、inevitable a.Antonym: evitableWords & Phrases4 My father was watching me but saying nothing. Latein the evening, he invited me to his study. We sat downand he poured us a drink.5 So? he said.6 Er so what?7 So what do you really want to do? he asked.Text 8 My father was a lawyer, and I had always ass
39、umed he wanted me to go to law school, and follow his path through life. So I hesitated.9 Then I replied, “I want to travel, and I want to be a writer.”10 This was not the answer I thought he would expect. Travel? Where? A writer? About what? I braced myself for some resistance to the idea.Text I br
40、aced myself for some resistance to the idea.A brace is a piece of wood or metal which supports an object so that it does not fall down. So to brace oneself means to hold oneself together in readiness for something difficult or unpleasant.Language Points 翻译：翻译： 我做好了遭到他反对的心理准备。brace v.1) ( oneself for
41、 sth.; oneself to do sth.) get ready for sth. unpleasant （使）作好准备e.g. We must brace ourselves for a challenging new year. 我们必须打起精神应付充满挑战的新年。2) ( oneself / sth. against sth. ) push your body, or a part of it, against something solid and strong in order to support yourself or to avoid falling （身体或身体部位）
42、支住，撑牢e.g. She braced herself against the wall. 她靠墙支撑着身体。Words & Phrasesresistance n. sing, U 1) (meet with / face / encounter ) refusal to accept sth. new such as a plan, idea, or change（对新计划、新观念等的）抵制，反对e.g. 1. This proposal is meeting with some resistance at the UNs headquarters. 这个提议遭到了联合国总部的反对。2.
43、 She put up no resistance to being led away. 被带走时她没有反抗。3. There was fierce resistance to the new laws. 新法律遭到了强烈抵制。Words & Phrases2) ( to) the ability not to be affected or harmed by something, especially a disease or a drug（尤指对疾病或药物的）抵抗力e.g. 1. Lack of white blood cells lowers resistance to infectio
44、n and becomes the major cause of death. 由于欠缺白血球，降低了对疾病的抵抗力，这也是导致死亡的主因。 2. Some of us have a lower resistance to cold than others. 我们有些人对感冒的抵抗力不如别人。Word family: resist v.Words & Phrases11 There was a long silence.12 Interesting idea, he said finally.13 There was another long silence.14 I kind of wish
45、 Id done that when I was your age.15 I waited.16 You have plenty of time. You dont need to go into a career which pays well just at the moment. You need to find out what you really enjoy now, because if you dont, you wont be successful later.Text You dont need to go into a career which pays well jus
46、t at the moment.To go into a career means to start working in a particular job, business or career.Language Points 翻译：翻译： 不必急于进入一个暂时报酬高的行业。 17 So how do I do this?“ 18 He thought for a moment. Then he said, Look, its late. Lets take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch
47、some crabs for dinner, and we can talk more.Text 19 It was a small motor boat, moored ten minutes away, and my father had owned it for years. Early next morning we set off along the estuary. We didnt talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seagulls and the sight of the estuary coastline and the sea
48、beyond.20 There was no surf on the coastal waters at that time of day, so it was a smooth half-hour ride until my father switched off the motor. Lets see if we get lucky, he said, picked up a rusty, mesh basket with a rope attached and threw it into the sea.Text moor v. stop a ship or boat from movi
49、ng by fastening it to a place with ropes or by using an anchor （使）停泊e.g. 1. Boats were moored on both sides of the river. 河两岸都停着船只。2. The sailing club required a large site to moor their boats. 航行俱乐部需要一块很大的地方来泊船。 Words & Phrasesestuary n. C the part of a large river where it becomes wide and flows i
50、nto the sea 河口；江口e.g. We live near the Thames estuary. 我们的住处靠近泰晤士河入海口。Words & PhrasesWhere is the estuary in this picture?coastal a. (usu. before noun) on land beside a sea 海岸的；沿海的e.g.1. coastal area 2. coastal engineering3. coastal climate4. coastal huntWords & Phrases沿海地区海岸工程学沿海气候沿海捕猎mesh n. C, U
51、a piece of material like a net, made from a lot of closely connected wires, strings etc.（用铁丝、绳等制成的）网状物，网e.g. 1. The fish were caught in the meshes of the net. 鱼被网线钩住了。 2. We put some wire mesh over the chimney so that the birds wouldnt fall in. 我们在烟囱上盖了一些细密的金属丝网，这样鸟儿就不会跌落进去了。 Words & Phrases21 We wa
52、ited a while, then my father stood up and said, Give me a hand with this, and we hauled up the crab cage onto the deck.22 Crabs fascinated me. They were so easy to catch. It wasnt just that they crawled into such an obvious trap, through a small hole in the lid of the basket, but it seemed as if the
53、y couldnt be bothered to crawl out again even when you took the lid off. They just sat there, waving their claws at you.Text haul up：pull or carry sth. heavy from one place to another with a lot of effort 把拖上来e.g. 1. The boy hauled up the fishing net all by himself. 男孩自己一个人就把渔网给拖上来了。2. If we can get
54、 some strong ropes or wires around the sunken boat, we might be able to haul it up. 要是我们用结实绳索或金属缆绳缠住沉船，兴许我们能把它拖上来。Words & Phrases23 The cage was brimming with dozens of soft shell crabs, piled high on top of each other. Why dont they try to escape? I wondered aloud to my father.24 Just watch them fo
55、r a moment. Look at that one, there! Hes trying to climb out, but every time the other crabs pull him back in, said my father.Text brim vi. ( with) be full of sth. 充满，溢满e.g. 1. Tom was brimming with enthusiasm. 汤姆满腔热情。2. I handed him a cup brimming with tea. 我递给他满满一杯茶。Words & Phrases25 And we watche
56、d. The crab climbed up the mesh towards the lid, and sure enough, just as it reached the top, one of its fellow crabs reached out, clamped its claw onto any available leg, and pulled it back. Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck.26 Now watch! said my father. Hes sta
57、rting to get bored with this game.Text clamp1) vt. ( to / around / on ) put or hold sth. firmly in position 夹住；固定e.g. 1. Clamp the two pieces of wood together until the glue dries. 用夹钳把两块木板夹紧，等胶水干了再松开。2. I was so nervous that I had to clamp my hands to the lectern to steady my shaking body. 我紧张得要命，双
58、手紧紧抓住演讲台，好让自己颤抖的身体站稳。Words & Phrases2) n. C a tool used for holding or fastening two things together firmly 夹具；钳 e.g. The wood is held in position by a clamp. 木头用钳夹固定住了。 Words & Phrases Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck.The crab tried to defy the others as it res
59、isted others or refused to obey them when it tried to escape.The expression without luck means without success, being unable to do what you want.Language Points 翻译：翻译：这只螃蟹尝试了好几次想挣脱它的狱中同伴，但都没能成功。defy vt. 1) refuse to obey someone or something（公然）违抗，反抗；藐视2) resist completely, present insuperable obsta
60、cles to 经受得住，顶得住Translate the following into Chinese.1. I would not dare defy your orders. 我是不敢违抗你的命令的。2. The terrible plague defied all medicines. 所有的药物都无法治愈那个可怕的瘟疫。Words & Phrasescaptive1) n. C someone who is being kept as a prisoner 俘虏2) a. (take / hold sb. ) kept as a prisoner 被俘虏的；被监禁的Translate
61、 the following into Chinese.1. The pirates took many captives and sold them as slaves. 海盗抓了许多俘虏并把他们卖为奴隶。2. He was a captive to her charms. 他被她的魅力迷住了。 3. He was taken captive by the P. L. A. men at the first engagement. 他在第一次交锋时就被人民解放军俘虏了。Words & Phrases27 Not only did the crab give up its lengthy st
62、ruggle to escape, but it actually began to help stop other crabs trying to escape. Hed finally chosen an easy way of life.28 Suddenly I understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. He looked at me. Dont get pulled back by the others, he said. Spend some time figuring out who y
63、ou are and what you want in life.figure out: be able to understand something or to solve a problem 理解；明白；想出Translate the following into Chinese.1. I cant figure out why he quit his job. 我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。2. It didnt take the children long to figure out the correct answer. 孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。Words & Ph
64、rasesLook back at the classes youre taking, and think aboutwhich ones were most productive for you personally.Then think about whats really important to you, whatreally interests you, what skills you have. Try to figureout where you want to live, where you want to go,what you want to earn, how you w
65、ant to work. And ifyou cant answer these questions now, then take sometime to find out. Because if you dont, youll never behappy.Text 29 He paused.30 So you want to travel? he asked.31 Yes, I replied.32 Better get you a passport. And you want to be a writer?33 I think so.34 Interesting choice. Weve never had a writer in the family, he said.35 My father started the motor and we set off back home.Text Thankyou
