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1、Grammar and usageManystudentsare_inclass. Feelingthelessonisboring,thestudentsaresleeping.Grammarlessonsareboring.sleeping主主动动被被动动一一般般完完成成现在分词现在分词doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone1. He hurried home, _(look)behind as he went. 2. _(finish)their work, they had a rest. 3. The large building _(built
2、)is a library. 4. _(show)the lab, we were taken to see the library.（一般式）（一般式）（完成式）（完成式）（被动式）被动式）（被动完成式）（被动完成式）lookingHaving finishedbeing builtHaving been shown现在分词的句法功能现在分词的句法功能小小 结结:V-ing形式作定形式作定语表语表示动作正在进示动作正在进行或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主行或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系。动关系。单个单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前；词之前；V-ing词
3、组修饰名词则置于名词词组修饰名词则置于名词之后，此时相当于一个定语从句。之后，此时相当于一个定语从句。翻译：翻译：1.把化学废料泼进河流的水管把化学废料泼进河流的水管2.逃避责任的商人逃避责任的商人3.经营这个工厂的老板经营这个工厂的老板pouring chemical waste into rivershiding from their responsibilitiesthebossoperatingthefactorypipesbusinessmen他对母亲的关爱很感人。他对母亲的关爱很感人。Hisconcernforhismotheris_.二、二、predicativetouching
4、/moving-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，现在形式作表语时放在系动词之后，现在分词作表语分词作表语,相当于形容词相当于形容词,表示主语的性质表示主语的性质Thefilmisinteresting.小提示小提示：动名词和现在分词可用：动名词和现在分词可用very来鉴来鉴别别:在在v-ing前加上前加上very句意说得通的是现在分句意说得通的是现在分词词,说不通的是动名词说不通的是动名词. 2.We noticed a lot of people_ (wait) to enter the stadium. 三三、 Object Complement: 1. We saw some stud
5、ents_(play) basketball on the playground.3.They have the fire_(burn)allnight. playingwaitingburningV-ing形式作宾语补足语置形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正在于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动作（如例进行的动作（如例1、2），），或强调一个过程或一种状态。或强调一个过程或一种状态。（如例（如例3）小小 结结 ：接接V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：小小 结结 ：1)感官动词感官动词see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observ
6、e,lookat,listento等等。2)使役动词使役动词have,set,keep,get,catch,leave，等。等。3)With+O.+OC.1. He was heard _(sing) the English song when I passed by. 2.He was often heard_(sing)the English songs.3.He left the fire _(burn) all night.4.The student was caught _(cheat) in the exam.PracticeFill in the blanks with the
7、verb given in its proper form.to singsingingburningcheating如：如：1.With so many difficult problems _(solve),he could travel with his wife.2.With so many difficult problems _(solve),he couldnt travel with his wife.3.With the man _ (solve) so many difficult problems,he could travel with his wife.solvedt
8、osolvehaving solved He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket into a passengerA.put B. to be putting C. to put D. puttingA cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.A.smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked四四、 V-ing used as an adverb:V-ing词组可以在句中词组可以在句中充当充当时时间、
9、原间、原 因因、结结果果、条条件件、伴伴随随 、让步等状语。让步等状语。-ing短语作时间状语一般置于句首。如：短语作时间状语一般置于句首。如：当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。哭了起来。 _, they couldnt help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 1.作时间状语作时间状语收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 After I had received his letter,I decided to write
10、 back. =_, I decided to write backHavingreceivedhisletterHearing the bad newsAsking around , I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly._, I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.
11、When I ask around考例考例 The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.(2004 江苏江苏)A. to workB. workingC. to have workedD. having worked 考点考点 分分词作时间词作时间状语状语-ing短语作原因状语。如：短语作原因状语。如：Beingsoangry,hecouldntgotosleep.=Because/since/ashewassoangry,hecouldntgotosleep.因为太生气了，他因为太生
12、气了，他不能入睡。不能入睡。2.作原因状语作原因状语_,wecouldntgetintouchwithhimAs/Because/Sincewedidntknowheraddress, wecouldntgetintouchwithhim.Notknowingheraddress考例考例 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. (2006全国全国卷卷III)A. thinking B. think C. to think D
13、. thought考点考点V-ing形式作原因状语。形式作原因状语。-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。3.作条件状语作条件状语注意：注意：_, and you will succeed.Workhard_(prepare)fully,wecanachievegreatthings._,wecanachievegreatthings._,andwecanachievegr
14、eatthings.当现在分词用来表示条件时，可当现在分词用来表示条件时，可以和以和if引导的引导的条件状语从句互换条件状语从句互换PreparingIfwepreparefullyPreparefully比较下面三个句子，体味其不同之处比较下面三个句子，体味其不同之处第一个句中第一个句中we的前面可以加一个的前面可以加一个and吗？吗？为什么？为什么？Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirty.Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,（非限制性定语从句）（非限制性定语从句）whichmakestheairdirtyShe
15、doesexerciseforanhoureveryday,causinghertokeepaslimfigure.Shedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday,_hertokeepaslimfigure.Shedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday。_,shekeepsaslimfigure.4.作结果状语作结果状语whichcausesThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke._,theairismadedirty.AsaresultAsaresultThe glass doors have taken the place of t
16、he wooden ones at the entrance, _ in the natural light during the day. (2007天津天津) A. to let B. letting C. let D. having letThey came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。他们又唱又笑地走进教室。5.作伴随状语作伴随状语Thestudentscamein,_(follow)theirtea
17、cher.Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,_(bring)meafullbasketoffreshfruits.followingbringingThe next morning she found the man in bed, _ dead.A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或短语作让步状语，可置于句首或句句末，常与末，常与evenif,though连用。如：连用。如：6.作让步状语作让步状语Though working from morning till night, his father
18、 didnt get enough food.=Although his father worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。是挣不到足够的吃的。When_(develop)theeconomy,wehavetotakeenvironmentalprotectionintoconsideration.这是一个省略句，请补充完整这是一个省略句，请补充完整developing_,wehavetotakeenvironmenta
19、lprotectionintoconsideration.WhenwearedevelopingtheeconomyWhile_inBeijing,hecametoseemetwice.=_,hecametoseemetwice.stayingWhilehewasstayinginBeijing分词做状语可以和连词连用分词做状语可以和连词连用1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly.2. a. Entering the classroom, I found
20、nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it.分词做状语逻辑主语应与主句一致分词做状语逻辑主语应与主句一致3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. When I was reading
21、 the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. c. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking. Choose the correct sentence.考例考例 While watching television, _. （2005全国卷全国卷II）A the doorbell rang B the doorbell ringsC we heard the doorbell ringD we heard the doorbell rings考点考点 当分词作状语时
22、，分词的逻辑主语必当分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。须与句子的主语保持一致。独立主格结构独立主格结构：1.名词名词(代词代词)+现在分词：现在分词：名词和名词和分词是主动关系分词是主动关系.如：如：Itbeingsunny,wedecidedtogooutforawalk.Therainhavingstopped,hewentoutforawalk2、名词、名词(代词代词)+过去分词过去分词：名：名词和分词是被动关系。词和分词是被动关系。Theboystoodthere,hisrighthandraisedMoretimegiven,weshouldhavedoneitm
23、uchbetter练习练习题题1._nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.TherebeingB.BeingC.HavingbeenD.Therewas题题2._Sunday,thelibrarydoesntopen.A.BeingB.TherebeingC.ItbeingD.Havingbeen题题3._,thetrainstarted.A.Thesignalgiven B.GivingthesignalB.ThesignalbeinggivenD.Thesignalgiving题题4._,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.A.Explainingne
24、wwordsB.NewwordsexplainedC.BeingexplainednewwordsD.Havingexplainednewwords题题5._,thepatientcanleavethehospital.A.BetterconditionsB.ConditionsbetterC.ConditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions题题6.Helefttheoffice,_.A.tearsbeinginhiseyesB.tearsinhiseyesC.beingtearsinhiseyesD.withtearsbeinginhiseyes分词做独立
25、成份：分词做独立成份：1. Generally _( speak ), we have learnt a lot in this school.2. _(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody.3. _( consider) his age, he did the job very well.speakingJudgingConsideringSupposing; providing; assuming;Given; to tell you the truth ，to cut a long story short to be frank ,to
26、make matters / things worse 题题1._,wellgotovisittheGreatWall.A.WeatherpermittingB.IfweatherpermitsC.Ifpermitting D.AandB题题2.Wehavelessonseveryday,_.A.SundayincludedB.SundayincludingC.SundayisincludingD.alltheabove题题3.Fathercamehome,_A.adogfollowinghimB.followedbyadogC.tobefollowedbyadogD.bothAandB题题4
27、.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest_inayear.A.followsB.followedC.tofollowD.beingfollowed考例考例5 _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. （广东（广东2004）A.Not completingB. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed考点考点 非谓语动词的否定形式非谓语动词的否定形式6. There was a terrible noise
28、 _ the sudden burst of light.A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed7. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. (2006江江苏苏)A. saying B. saidC. to say D. having said8. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not
29、 _, and asked myself what I was going to do. （2007湖南）湖南） A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved 1. With the secretary_(solve) his problems, the president could go to watch a football match.2. With many problems_(solve) , the president could go to watch a football match.3. With many problems_(s
30、olve) , the president couldnt go to watch a football match.solvingsolvedtosolve1._(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody.2. _(judge) as the best student in this school, Tom was awarded the yearly student of the school. JudgingJudged1. They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning on th
31、e floor. 2. Working hard, youll make progress for sure.3. The worker fell off a ladder, getting his legs broken. 4. After having been treated, the water in the river can be used by people.用做什么状语？用做什么状语？结果状语结果状语条件状语条件状语结果状语结果状语时间状语时间状语5. Not knowing much English, he found it difficult to communicate
32、with the foreign classmates.6. They left the meeting room, talking and laughing.7. Hearing the good news, we were all excited.原因状语原因状语伴随状语伴随状语时间状语时间状语1. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 2. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake
33、.A.missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to playExercise3. After seeing the movie, _. A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him6. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long
34、 speech for the president.A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparingThe secretary worked late into the night_ a long speech for the president.A7. Johns bad habit is _ without thorough understanding. A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading报纸第报纸第5期期完型完型1-5：DCBCA6-10：BDCAB11-15：ADDC
35、B16-20：CABDApeak顶点；顶峰顶点；顶峰8.riches=wealth18题为什么要选题为什么要选focusstuff事物事物staff全体员工全体员工 报纸第报纸第5期期Passage A1.My heart was pounding against my chest.2. Instead of asking “why me” start asking “what can I learn from this?”. Inevery disappointment there is a lesson to be learned. 报纸第报纸第5期期Passage B1. Of thos
36、e surveyed, 52%preferred to read on screen compared with 32% who preferred print, with the rest having no opinion or preferring not to read at all.报纸第报纸第5期期Passage B2. While we welcome the positive effect which technology has on bringing further reading opportunities to young people, its important t
37、hat reading in print is not cast aside.报纸第报纸第5期期语法填空语法填空1.which 2. but 3. walking4. permission 5. Later6. filled 7. it 8. what9. had written 10. happily报纸第报纸第6期期阅读理解阅读理解Passage A 21-23 CDCstep in 插手，干预插手，干预move sb onto his side 侧卧侧卧lie on ones back/chestPassage B 24-27 ABDBclerk 职员职员 cross-subjectin
38、 late teenage years 报纸第报纸第6期期阅读理解阅读理解Passage C 28-31 ACBDmanage to do 设法做成设法做成not topical enough 不够话题不够话题violence 暴力暴力Passage D 32-35 BADCa fellow student 一个同学一个同学The Roominate toy line is so far off to a good start. 报纸第报纸第6期期七选五七选五 DFGABPassage C 28-31 ACBD36空与前一句为因果关系空与前一句为因果关系37空的关键词为空的关键词为_?38空与前一句为转折空与前一句为转折39空的关键词为空的关键词为_? 40空的意思空的意思readrewrite报纸第报纸第6期期Cloze test41-45 CBDCA46-50 BDCBA51-55 BADCB56-60 CDBCA报纸第报纸第6期期语法填空语法填空61. treatment 62. was spent 63. normally64. and 65. knowing66. harder 67. to68. how 69. to run70. whom
