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1、 非谓语动词在语法填空中非谓语动词在语法填空中, 每年必考，每年必考，且每年一个小题。尽管到目前为止且每年一个小题。尽管到目前为止, 虽然虽然只涉及到非谓语动词作状语和作宾补两种只涉及到非谓语动词作状语和作宾补两种用法用法, 但复习时但复习时, 非谓语动词作定语、作主非谓语动词作定语、作主语和作宾语也不可忽视。语和作宾语也不可忽视。 非谓语动词就是在句中不作谓语的动非谓语动词就是在句中不作谓语的动词词, 有动词不定式、动词有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词形式和动词-ed分词等。分词等。熟读深思熟读深思指出下列句中不定式所充当的句子成分指出下列句中不定式所充当的句子成分, 并注意常用的不定式
2、有哪几种形式。并注意常用的不定式有哪几种形式。1. He seemed to be sleeping.他好像在睡觉。他好像在睡觉。2. There are all kinds of difficulties to be overcome.有各种各样的困难要克服。有各种各样的困难要克服。动词不定式动词不定式(the infinitive)定语定语 表语表语3. Id like to make a suggestion.我想提一我想提一个建议。个建议。4. It is of great benefit for all of us to do morning exercises every day.
3、每天做早操每天做早操对我们大家都有益。对我们大家都有益。5. He feels it a duty to help the disabled.他他感到有义务帮助残疾人。感到有义务帮助残疾人。真正宾语真正宾语 宾语宾语真正主语真正主语6. I often hear her sing in English.(比较：比较：She is often heard to sing in English.)我我经常听到她唱英语歌。经常听到她唱英语歌。7. Mary often goes back to her hometown to visit her grandparents.玛玛丽常常回家乡看望他的祖父
4、祖母。丽常常回家乡看望他的祖父祖母。目的状语目的状语 补语补语8. Im so glad to see you here.在这儿在这儿见到你真高兴。见到你真高兴。9. Jack was too busy to have his hair cut.杰克太忙了杰克太忙了, 没时间理发。没时间理发。 结果状语结果状语 原因状语原因状语归纳总结归纳总结1. 动词不定式属于非谓语动词动词不定式属于非谓语动词, 在句子中可以充在句子中可以充当除谓语外的其他各个句子成分；当除谓语外的其他各个句子成分；2. 动词不定式通常有以下几种形式动词不定式通常有以下几种形式(以以do为例为例)：主动式主动式被动式被动式
5、一般式一般式 to do _完成式完成式 _to have been done进行式进行式 _to be doingto be doneto have done3. 在在should like，would like，expect, want, refuse，decide，pretend，promise，decide, offer等后不能用动名词作宾语，只能用不定等后不能用动名词作宾语，只能用不定式作宾语。式作宾语。4. 在在make, let, have等使役动词或者等使役动词或者hear, see, watch等感观动词后作宾补的不定式常省等感观动词后作宾补的不定式常省略略to; 但在这些词
6、的被动式后作主补时但在这些词的被动式后作主补时, 要加要加上上to。5. 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时式所表示的动作的承受者时, 不定式一般不定式一般用被动语态形式。用被动语态形式。6. 在形容词后作状语只能用不定式在形容词后作状语只能用不定式, 且用且用主动形式表示被动含义。如：主动形式表示被动含义。如：This text is easy to understand.这篇课文很这篇课文很容易懂。容易懂。7.不定式做定语时的几种用法：不定式做定语时的几种用法： 表将来。表将来。The building to be built ne
7、xt month will be our library.下月要建的这座下月要建的这座建筑物将是我们的图书馆。建筑物将是我们的图书馆。 序数词或最高级等后常用不定式序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定语。作定语。She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.她是第一个获得诺贝尔奖她是第一个获得诺贝尔奖金的妇女。金的妇女。Mary is the best person to do the job.玛丽是做这个工作的最适合人选。玛丽是做这个工作的最适合人选。 常用来修饰常用来修饰chance，idea，ability， way，reason，time，f
8、act，key，ambition等抽象名词。等抽象名词。Last year I had a chance to go abroad for further study.去年我有机会去国外进修。去年我有机会去国外进修。 动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在句动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在句子的后面子的后面, 用用it作形式主语或形式宾语。作形式主语或形式宾语。 熟读深思熟读深思熟读以下各句熟读以下各句, 注意划线部分注意划线部分, 并思考：并思考：动词动词-ing有哪几种形式？有哪几种形式？动词动词-ing在句中可作哪些成分？在句中可作哪些成分？动词动词-ing形式像谓语动词一样可以带形式像谓语动
9、词一样可以带宾语或状语吗？宾语或状语吗？动动 词词 的的 ing 形形 式式1. Learning is important to modern life.学学习对现代生活很重要。习对现代生活很重要。2. The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题这个问题令人困惑。令人困惑。3. I suggest doing it in a different way.我建我建议用另一种方法做这件事。议用另一种方法做这件事。4. The TV set needs repairing.这台电视机需这台电视机需要修理。要修理。 5. I heard of his having been
10、 chosen to be coach of the team.我听说他被选为球队的教我听说他被选为球队的教练。练。6. The question being discussed now is very important.现在正在讨论的问题很重要。现在正在讨论的问题很重要。7. They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.他们有说有笑地他们有说有笑地走出教室。走出教室。8. Having been shown around the lab, we were taken to see the school library.在被带去看
11、了实验室之后在被带去看了实验室之后, 我们又被带我们又被带去参观校图书馆。去参观校图书馆。9. I felt my heart beating violently.我我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。10. His not coming made everyone present very disappointed. 他没来使他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。在场的每个人都很失望。动词的动词的-ing形式有以下特征：形式有以下特征：1.具有动词的特征具有动词的特征, 有时态和语态的变有时态和语态的变化化, 并可带状语、宾语等。当分词与其并可带状语、宾语等。当分词与其逻辑主语有动宾关
12、系时逻辑主语有动宾关系时, 用用 _语态语态(如如5, 6和和8)。 归纳总结归纳总结被动被动 2. 动词动词-ing 的构成形式的构成形式(以以do为例为例)：主动主动被动被动发生的时间发生的时间一般一般式式doingbeing done与谓语同时发与谓语同时发生生完成完成式式having donehaving been done发生在谓语之发生在谓语之前前3. 动词的动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征形式具有动词的特征, 同同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征, 因此因此, 它在句中可以作主语、它在句中可以作主语、 _语、语、 _语、语、_ 语、语、_ 语和状语
13、。语和状语。4. 否定形式：否定形式：not + v-ing形式。形式。宾语补足宾语补足表表宾宾定定5. 在在suggest, keep, allow, finish, enjoy, mind, practice, avoid, admit, advise, consider，imagine, appreciate, escape等后不能用不定等后不能用不定式作宾语式作宾语; 在在forget, remember, regret, mean, try等动词后既可接动名词等动词后既可接动名词, 也可接不也可接不定式定式, 但意义差别较大。如：但意义差别较大。如：I forgot seeing h
14、er.我忘记见过她。我忘记见过她。(以前见以前见过过)I forgot to post the letter.我忘记寄信了。我忘记寄信了。(信信没寄没寄)6. 在表示在表示“需要需要” 的的need, want和和require等后用等后用-ing形式的主动形式形式的主动形式表示被动意义表示被动意义, 也可用不定式的被也可用不定式的被动式。动式。熟读深思熟读深思熟读下列各句熟读下列各句, 体会动词体会动词-ed形式的用法。形式的用法。1. Hearing the news, he looked disappointed.听到这个消息听到这个消息, 他看起来很失望。他看起来很失望。2. The
15、boss felt satisfied with her performance. 老板对她的表现很满意。老板对她的表现很满意。动词的动词的-ed形式形式3. All the broken desks(=All the desks that were broken) have been repaired.所有弄坏了的桌子都已修好了。所有弄坏了的桌子都已修好了。4. We have read many novels written (=which were written) by this author.我们已读了这个作者写的很多部小说。我们已读了这个作者写的很多部小说。5. Confused(
16、=As he was confused) by the problem, he decided to turn to his teacher for help. 对这个问题感到困惑对这个问题感到困惑, 他决定向老他决定向老师求助。师求助。6. Seen (=When it is seen) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. 从顶上看从顶上看, 体育馆好像一个鸟巢。体育馆好像一个鸟巢。7. I heard the song sung in English.我我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。8. Peter g
17、ot his bad tooth pulled out in the hospital.彼得在医院把坏牙拔了。彼得在医院把坏牙拔了。归纳总结归纳总结1. 动词的动词的-ed形式一般表示被动或完成形式一般表示被动或完成, 在句中可在句中可作表语、定语、状语、补语等。作表语、定语、状语、补语等。2. 所谓表示被动所谓表示被动, 就是过去分词与其逻辑主语有就是过去分词与其逻辑主语有被动关系被动关系, 判断逻辑主语的方法与其他非谓语动判断逻辑主语的方法与其他非谓语动词的逻辑主语相同词的逻辑主语相同, 请看下表：请看下表：充当句子成分充当句子成分 表语表语状语状语定语定语宾补宾补逻逻 辑辑 主主 语语句
18、子的主语句子的主语所修饰的词所修饰的词 宾语宾语3. 单个的动词单个的动词-ed形式作定语一般放在形式作定语一般放在所修饰的名词的前面所修饰的名词的前面, 动词动词-ed形式短形式短语作定语语作定语, 则要放在所修饰的名词的后则要放在所修饰的名词的后面。动词面。动词-ed形式作定语相当于一个定形式作定语相当于一个定语从句。语从句。4. 表示情感的动词表示情感的动词, 其其-ed形式和形式和-ing形形式均可作定语或表语式均可作定语或表语(相当于形容词相当于形容词), 动词动词-ed形式表示形式表示“感到感到的的(人或人人或人的音容笑貌的音容笑貌)”, 动词动词-ing形式表示形式表示“令令人人
19、的的(事物事物)”。如。如, surprised感到感到惊讶的惊讶的, surprising令人惊讶的。令人惊讶的。5. 作状语时作状语时, 可表时间、原因、让可表时间、原因、让步、结果、方式、条件、伴随等步、结果、方式、条件、伴随等, 一般可改为一个状语从句一般可改为一个状语从句; 但表示但表示伴随时一般不可以改为状语从句伴随时一般不可以改为状语从句, 却可改为并列谓语。却可改为并列谓语。 非谓语动词是高考语法填空的必考点。非谓语动词是高考语法填空的必考点。解答此类试题首先要通过句子的结构分析确解答此类试题首先要通过句子的结构分析确定是不是非谓语动词定是不是非谓语动词, 然后就要根据非谓语然
20、后就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如：动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如： 1. 作主语或宾语作主语或宾语, 就用动名词就用动名词(一般一般)或或不定式形式不定式形式(具体具体)；非谓语动词与广东高考非谓语动词与广东高考2. 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语作目的状语或在形容词后作状语, 用动用动词不定式；词不定式；3. 作伴随状语或作定语作伴随状语或作定语, 要根据与逻辑主要根据与逻辑主语的关系语的关系, 用现在分词或过去分词；用现在分词或过去分词；4. 有时也要根据句式搭配来确定有时也要根据句式搭配来确定, 如如see/ hear/notice sb.do/doing sth.,
21、 spend.doing sth.等。等。请根据以上技巧请根据以上技巧, 完成以下与非谓语动词相完成以下与非谓语动词相关的历年高考试题。关的历年高考试题。1. I noticed a man 18 _(sit)at the front.已有谓语动词已有谓语动词noticed, 且且sit前没有并列连词前没有并列连词, 因此因此, sit是非谓语动词是非谓语动词; 由固定句式由固定句式notice sb. doing/do sth. (注意到某人在做注意到某人在做/做了某事做了某事) 可知可知, 填填sitting或或sit, 但我们认为但我们认为, 根据文中提供的情境根据文中提供的情境, 不难
22、推不难推出出, 作者作者“注意到注意到”时时, 那个人是那个人是“正坐在正坐在”作者作者前面的前面的, 故填故填sitting更准确、更切实际、也更生动。更准确、更切实际、也更生动。sitting/sit2. He spit it out, _(say) it was awful.因句中已有谓语因句中已有谓语spit, 此处又没有连词此处又没有连词, say不是并列谓语不是并列谓语, 而是非谓语动词而是非谓语动词; 又又因因he与与say是主动关系是主动关系, 故用现在分词作故用现在分词作伴随状语。伴随状语。saying3. She wished that he was as easy_ (p
23、lease) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.句中已有谓语句中已有谓语was easy了了, please应为非谓应为非谓语动词语动词; 因在形容词后作状语因在形容词后作状语, 只能用动词只能用动词不定式不定式, 故填故填to please。 to please4.For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop _ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story.4. 作目的状语作目的状语, 用动词不定式。用动词不定式。to h
24、elp5. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old peasant woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me _ (settle) into a tiny but clean room.由由settle sb.into/in/on.(使某人舒服地处于某使某人舒服地处于某处处)可知可知, me与与settle是被动关系是被动关系, 要用过去要用过去分词用宾补。又如：分词用宾补。又如：A nurse settled the old man into a chair.护士
25、让那位老人舒舒服服地护士让那位老人舒舒服服地坐在椅子上。坐在椅子上。settled灵活运用灵活运用1.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ (break) into small pieces.在在easy，difficult，hard，comfortable等形容等形容词后习惯上接不定式作状语（注意词后习惯上接不定式作状语（注意: 这类不这类不定式通常要用主动式表示被动意义）定式通常要用主动式表示被动意义）; 句意句意为：汤姆糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容为：汤姆糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容易
26、扳成小块。易扳成小块。to break2. Its important for the figures _ _(update) regularly.根据根据for引出的逻辑主语引出的逻辑主语the figures与与update存在着被动关系可知选不定式的存在着被动关系可知选不定式的被动式。句意为：经常更新这些数据很被动式。句意为：经常更新这些数据很重要。重要。to beupdated3. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing.but we seem _ _(lose) the art of communicating face-
27、to-face.动词动词seem后习惯上接不定式后习惯上接不定式; 又因为空又因为空格后的格后的the art of communicating face-to-face是用作动词是用作动词lose的宾语。的宾语。to belosing4. Simon made a big bamboo box _ _(keep) the little sick bird till it could fly.这句中的这句中的make表示表示“做做; 制造制造”, 其其后的不定式为目的状语。句意为后的不定式为目的状语。句意为: 西西蒙做了一个大竹盒子来养这只有病的蒙做了一个大竹盒子来养这只有病的小鸟小鸟, 等它
28、能飞的时候再放走它。等它能飞的时候再放走它。 tokeep5. There were many talented actors out there just waiting _ (discover).动词动词wait后习惯上接不定式后习惯上接不定式; 另外另外, actors与与discover之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, 即即“等着被发现等着被发现”, 故选不定式的被动故选不定式的被动式。式。to be discovered6.We were astonished _(find) the temple still in its original condition.在在be astonis
29、hed后要接不定式表示原因。后要接不定式表示原因。7.With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _(buy) presents for my dad. “给父亲买礼物给父亲买礼物”是是“从银行拿钱出来从银行拿钱出来”的目的的目的,作目的状语作目的状语, 用动词不定式。用动词不定式。to findto buy8. His first book _(publish) next month is based on a true story.根据句中的根据句中的next month可知是将出版
30、可知是将出版, 故要用不定故要用不定式式; 又因为又因为book与与publish之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, 故要故要用不定式的被动式。用不定式的被动式。9. Lydia doesnt feel like _(study) abroad. Her parents are old. 因为因为feel like中的中的like是介词。根据英语语法，介是介词。根据英语语法，介词后接动词一般要用动名词。词后接动词一般要用动名词。to be publishedstudying10. _(gather)around the fire, the tourists danced with the loca
31、l people.现在分词短语现在分词短语gathering around the fire在句中用作伴随状语在句中用作伴随状语, 表示与谓语动作表示与谓语动作danced同时发生的动作。同时发生的动作。 Gathering11. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ (say) nothing about the argument.现在分词短语现在分词短语saying nothing about.为伴随状语为伴随状语, 句意为句意为: 莎拉假装开心莎拉假装开心, 对那次争论什么也没说。对那次争论什么也没说。12. Recently a survey _(comp
32、are) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. 现在分词作定语修饰前面的主语现在分词作定语修饰前面的主语survey。sayingcomparing13. The next thing he saw was smoke _ (rise) from behind the house.现在分词短语现在分词短语rising from behind.在此用作定语在此用作定语, 修饰名词修饰名词smoke。14. More highways have
33、been built in China, _(make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 现在分词短语现在分词短语making it much easier.在句中用作在句中用作结果状语结果状语, 表示表示More highways have been built in China的结果。的结果。risingmaking15. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, _ (realize)
34、 that he could do nothing to help.现在分词短语现在分词短语realizing that.用作状语用作状语, 表原因。表原因。realizing16. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some _(have) a life span of around 20 years.因为因为some having a life span of around 20 years为独立主格结构。为独立主格结构。 having17. I had great difficulty _(find) the suitable foo
35、d on the menu in that restaurant.因因have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定句式为固定句式, 其意其意为为“做某事有困难做某事有困难”。18._(approach)the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. 因因we与与approach是主动关系是主动关系, 所以用现在分词短所以用现在分词短语作状语。语作状语。findingApproaching19. _(look)at my classmates faces, I read the sa
36、me excitement in their eyes.因因I与与look是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。20. Listen! Do you hear someone _ (call) for help？ 由由listen可知，动作正在进行，表示可知，动作正在进行，表示“听见某人在听见某人在做某事做某事”，用，用hear sb.doing sth.句型。句型。Lookingcalling21. It rained heavily in the south, _ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.“引
37、起严重水灾引起严重水灾”是是“下大雨下大雨”的自然的自然结果结果, 作结果状语作结果状语, 用现在分词作状语。用现在分词作状语。causing.与与which caused.相当。相当。causing22.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ (weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.因因young children与与weigh是主动关系是主动关系, 故用故用现在分词作定语。句中介词短语现在分词作定语。句中介词短语under.
38、和和现在分词短语现在分词短语weighing.一起作定语一起作定语, 修饰修饰young children。weighing23. He had a wonderful childhood, _(travel) with his mother to all corners of the world. 因因he与与travel是主动关系是主动关系, 故用现在故用现在分词短语分词短语traveling with his mother.作状语作状语, 表示原因。表示原因。traveling24. A pick-up truck passed us on the road, and a few min
39、utes later, I saw it _(pull) back and the driver looking directly at us.因因it与与pull是主动关系是主动关系, 用现在分词作宾用现在分词作宾补补, 即即see sb./sth. doing sth.句型。句型。 pulling25. _(walk)is a good form of exercise for both young and old.因因a good form暗示泛指一般性行为暗示泛指一般性行为, 用动名词作用动名词作主语。主语。26. I cant stand _(work) with Jane in t
40、he same office. She just refuses _ (stop) talking while she works. 因为因为cant stand(不能忍受不能忍受)后习惯上要接动词的后习惯上要接动词的-ing形式形式; 又因又因refuse后要求接带后要求接带to的不定式。的不定式。?Walkingworkingto stop27. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _(repair).在表示在表示“需要需要”的的need后要接动词后要接动词-ing形式
41、的主形式的主动形式动形式, 或用不定式的被动式。或用不定式的被动式。28. Isnt it time you got down to _ (mark) the papers？ 因为因为get down to中的中的to是介词是介词, 后面应接动词的后面应接动词的-ing形式。形式。? repairing/to be repairedmarking29. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _(set) up some schools for poor children.因因devote.to.中中to是介词是介词, 接动词接动词-
42、ing形式形式; all是是devote的宾语的宾语, he had是省略了关系代是省略了关系代词词that的定语从句的定语从句, 修饰修饰all。setting30. Tsinghua University, _ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.由于由于Tsinghua University(清华大学清华大学)与与found(成立成立)之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, 即清华即清华大学被成立于大学被成立于1911年年, 故用过去分词。故用过去分词。 founded31. The island,
43、_(join) to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.根据句意可知根据句意可知, “岛屿岛屿”与与“大陆大陆”是被一座桥连接起来是被一座桥连接起来(注意句中的介词注意句中的介词by), 故用过去分词表被动。故用过去分词表被动。 joined32. Li Jian put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ (remind) of his own dreams.该考点涉及的搭配是该考点涉及的搭配是remind sb. of sth. (提醒某人记住或想起某事提醒某
44、人记住或想起某事), 显然空格显然空格前的前的himself与动词与动词remind之间存在着被之间存在着被动关系动关系, 故选过去分词。故选过去分词。 reminded33. _(offer)an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.由于句子主语由于句子主语Andy与动词与动词offer之间为之间为被动关系被动关系(即即Andy被人提供了某物被人提供了某物), 故用过去分词。故用过去分词。Offered34. Even the best writers sometimes find the
45、mselves _(lost) for words.由于由于lose是及物动词是及物动词, 其后本应有宾语其后本应有宾语, 但句但句中的空格后没有出现宾语中的空格后没有出现宾语, 这说明这说明lose要用要用过去分词；本句意：即使最优秀的作家有时过去分词；本句意：即使最优秀的作家有时也会发现他们找不到合适的文字来表达自己也会发现他们找不到合适的文字来表达自己的意思。的意思。lost35. Claire had her luggage _ (check) an hour before her plane left.考查考查“have+名词名词+非谓语动词非谓语动词”结构。由于结构。由于her l
46、uggage（她的行李）与（她的行李）与check（检查）（检查）之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。句意为：之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。句意为：在飞机出发前在飞机出发前1小时克莱尔携带的行李接受小时克莱尔携带的行李接受了检查。了检查。checked36. Im calling to enquire about the position _(advertise) in yesterdays China Daily.由于由于position(职位职位) 与与 advertise(登广告登广告) 之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, 且广告昨天已经刊发且广告昨天已经刊发了了, 故用动词故用动词-ed形式作定
47、语。形式作定语。advertised37. So far nobody has claimed the money _(discover) in the library.由于由于money与与discover之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, 由句意可由句意可知知, 钱钱“已经已经”被发现被发现, 故用动词故用动词-ed形式作定语。形式作定语。38. Alexander tried to get his work _ (recognize) in the medical circles.因因“宾语宾语(his work)”与其后的与其后的recognize(承认承认)是是被动关系被动关系, 故用动
48、词故用动词-ed形式。形式。recognizeddiscovered39.Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _(borrow) from the library.因因maps与与borrow之间为被动关系之间为被动关系; 再根据句意再根据句意, 地图是地图是“已经已经”借来了借来了, 所以用过去分词作定语。所以用过去分词作定语。40.Though _(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. 因因the professor与与surprise(使惊奇使惊奇)是被动关
49、系是被动关系, 故故用用“连词连词+动词动词-ed形式形式”作状语。作状语。borrowedsurprised41. _ (see)from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.由于由于the south foot与与see之间为被动关系，故用动之间为被动关系，故用动词词-ed形式作状语。形式作状语。42. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _(lay) for a meal to be cooke
50、d. 短语短语lay a table的意思是的意思是“摆桌子摆桌子”, 因句中的因句中的table与动词与动词lay(摆放摆放)之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, 所以用动词所以用动词-ed形式作定语。形式作定语。Seenlaid43.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _(carry) out regularly, can improve our health.由于由于exercise(锻炼锻炼) 与与carry out(进行进行,执行执行) 之间为被动关系之间为被动关系, 故用故用“连词连词+动词动词-ed形式形式”
51、作状语作状语, if carried out regularly相当于相当于if it is carried out regularly。carried44. A great number of students _ (question) said they were forced to practise the piano.由于由于students与与question(提问提问,询问询问) 之之间为被动关系间为被动关系, 故用动词故用动词-ed形式作定形式作定语。语。 questioned45. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps
52、 her colleagues _ (amuse) with her stories.意思是意思是Lucy让她的同事让她的同事“感到愉快感到愉快”, 表示人表示人“感到愉快感到愉快”, 用用-ed形式作宾补形式作宾补(相当于形容词作宾补的相当于形容词作宾补的), 故填故填amused。amused46. Almost 33 _(freeze), the old man could not get off the ground.因句子主语因句子主语the old man与与freeze(冻僵冻僵)是被动关系是被动关系, 故用动词故用动词-ed形式作原因状语。形式作原因状语。47. Please
53、remain _(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. 因因seat的用法是的用法是seat sb.或或be seated, 而而remain =continue to be, 故填故填seated, 作表语。作表语。frozenseated48.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _(carry) out the next year.句中句中that引导一个定语从句引导一个定语从句, 它代表它代表the plan并在从句中作并在从句中作s
54、ee的宾语的宾语; 宾语宾语that (the plan)与宾补与宾补carry out是被动关系是被动关系, 因此因此,用动词用动词-ed形式作宾补形式作宾补, 即即.see the plan carried out the next year。 carried1.Walking in the street, I saw him._walking in the street, I saw him.2.Working hard, you will succeed. _, you will succeed. _, and you will succeed.二、句型转换二、句型转换Work har
55、d When/While/As (I was) If/As long as/So long as you work hard3. Being ill, she stayed at home. _, she stayed at home. She stayed at home _ill. She stayed at home _ her illness.because of/due to As she was illbecause she was4. Having failed many times, he didnt lose heart. _ failed many times, he di
56、dnt lose heart. _ by failure many times, he didnt lose heart.Although beaten/defeated Although he had5. His rich parents died, leaving him a lot of money.His rich parents died and _ him a lot of money.6. Given more time, we could do it much better._, we could do it much better.If we were given more
57、timeleft7. When he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head._, he lowered his head.8. Scolded by the teacher, the girl sat there feeling sorry._, the girl sat there feeling sorry.As she was scolded by the teacherAsked what had happened9.Left at home alone, John didnt feel afraid at all._, Jo
58、hn didnt feel afraid at all.10.The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.The teacher entered the classroom, _.Although he was left at home aloneby a group of studentsfollowed11. The plastic bottles which have been used already can be recycled.The plastic bottles _
59、 can be recycled.12. An old man, dressed like a beggar, entered the restaurant and sat down at the table.An old man, _ like a beggar, entered the restaurant and sat down at the table.who was dressedused already下星期一将有外宾参观你们的学校下星期一将有外宾参观你们的学校, 你要代表学校你要代表学校向外宾用英语介绍中国的春节向外宾用英语介绍中国的春节, 请根据以下内容写请根据以下内容写一篇
60、发言稿。一篇发言稿。中国的农历新年中国的农历新年, 也叫春节也叫春节, 在农历在农历1月月1日庆祝日庆祝, 世界各地的中国人都流行过春节。像世界上许多世界各地的中国人都流行过春节。像世界上许多人那样人那样, 中国人喜欢庆祝自己的传统节日以及春天中国人喜欢庆祝自己的传统节日以及春天的到来。在春节期间的到来。在春节期间, 大多数人都宁愿呆在家里、大多数人都宁愿呆在家里、吃大餐以及和家人聊天吃大餐以及和家人聊天; 而另一些人则外出去拜访而另一些人则外出去拜访他们的朋友或度长假。人们会说他们的朋友或度长假。人们会说“春节快乐春节快乐”, 对对即将到来的新年表达良好的祝愿。春节也是儿童即将到来的新年表达
61、良好的祝愿。春节也是儿童的节日的节日, 这天他们可以装扮一新和父母去亲戚家讨这天他们可以装扮一新和父母去亲戚家讨利是钱。利是钱。三、写作运用三、写作运用 Observed/Celebrated on January 1 lunar month, Chinese Lunar New Years Day, also called the Spring Festival, is popular with all the Chinese people all over the world. Like many other people in the world, Chinese enjoy celeb
62、rating their traditional festival and the coming of spring. 三、写作运用三、写作运用At the Spring Festival, most people prefer to stay at home, having big meals and chatting with family members while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday. Besides, people will say “Happy New Year Spring Festival” to express good wishes for the coming New Year. It is also a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their relatives homes with their parents to get lucky money in red paper.
