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1、Language 宾语从句宾语从句 The Object Clause 1. I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词主语主语 谓语谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）宾语从句要注意的问题宾语从句要注意的问题1. 从句要用陈述句的语序从句要用陈述句的语序2. 连词的选用连词的选用3. 时态时态疑问句 陈述句1. Is the place clean and safe?The place is clean and safe.2. Does the teacher speak C
2、antonese?The teacher speaks Cantonese.3.Did he play basketball yesterday?He played basketball yesterday.4. Have you finished your paper?I have finished my paper.You will be successful in the exam. I hope.I hope (that) you will be successful in the exam.Someone took his bag. He realized later.He real
3、ized later( that )someone had taken his bag.She is from America. Tom didnt know.Tom didnt know ( that) she was from America.Im on the verge of breaking down. He couldnt believe.He couldnt believe (that) I was on the verge of breaking down. 主句主句(that)陈述句陈述句 that 可以省略可以省略Weoftenusethat-clauseafterthes
4、everbs:Work out the ruleWeoftenleaveout_inanobjectclauseinspeech.agreeexplainknowsuggestbelievefeelsaythinkthatthat省略省略e.g. 1.I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）一小时后他会回来）2.He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us (that) _. 4. （地球绕着太阳转）地球绕着太阳转）5.4. 我我认为认为他他不是不是合适的人选合适的人选.6._. he will be back
5、in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun I dont think he is the right person.由从属连词由从属连词that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Where did you buy this book? Can you tell me?Can you tell me where you bought this book?When will we take the exam? I dont know.I dont know when we will take the exam.How
6、 did they become everlasting friends? I had no idea.I had no idea how they had become everlasting friends.Why was he late? Do you know?Do you know why he was late?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：主句特殊疑问词陈述语序（主谓）主句特殊疑问词陈述语序（主谓）由连接代词由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接及连接副词副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1. He ask
7、ed _. (谁能回答这个问题谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的谁的书法是班上最好的）6. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会）7. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿他在哪儿）8. Could you tell me _. (我该怎么去车站我该怎么去车站)9. Would you tell me _. (为什么火车迟到了为什么火车迟到了) who could answer the question whom they are waiting for
8、whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train was lateIn pairs, complete the conversations on the next page. S1 should tell S2 what he/she and other people eat. S2 should look at the table below and give a suitable reply.1
9、.S1:_ ( I/lot/ sweets/ little fruit) S2:_2. S1: _ ( I/lot/ fried food/ little bread) S2: _3. S1: _ ( My brother/lot/ meat/ few vegetables) S2: _I eat a lot of sweets and only a little fruit.I think (that) you need to eat fewer sweets and more fruit.I eat a lot of fried food and only a little bread.I
10、 think (that) you need to eat less fried food and more bread.My brother eats a lot of meat and only a few vegetables.I think (that) your brother needs to eat less meat and more vegetables.4. S1:_ ( I/lot/ meat/ few oranges) S2: _5. S1: _ ( My sister/lot/ eggs/ few carrots) S2: _I eat a lot of meat a
11、nd only a few oranges.I think (that) you need to eat less meat and more oranges.My sister eats a lot of eggs and only a few carrots.I think (that) your sister needs to eat fewer eggs and more carrots.In pairs, ask and answer question. Follow the example.1. S1: Do you know how many meals I usually ha
12、ve each day? S2: I think (that) you usually have three big meals each day.2. S1: Do you know which meal is the most important? S2: I think (that) breakfast is the most important.3. S1: Do you know who I usually have lunch with at the weekend? S2: I think (that) you usually have lunch with your paren
13、ts at the weekend.4. S1: Do you know where I usually have dinner? S2: I think (that ) you usually have dinner at home.5. S1: Do you know when I usually have dinner? S2: I think (that) you usually have dinner at 6 p.m.6.S1: Do you know how many glasses of water I drink every day?7. S2: I think (that)
14、 you drink 3 glasses of water every day.Is the test going to be hard? Id like to know.Id like to know if /whether the test is going to be hard.Can this bird spread its wings? He wondered.He wondered if/whether this bird could spread its wings.Did you go to Beijing last year? She asked.She asked if/w
15、hether I went to Beijing last year.Does she teach English or Chinese? I wondered.I wondered whether she taught English or Chinese.一般疑问句一般疑问句：主句主句if / whether + 陈述语气（主谓）陈述语气（主谓） （是否）（是否）拓展拓展由从属连词由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _. （他是否能来）他是否
16、能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨）是否要下雨） 4. Check the prices before you decide _ to buy one.5. I am not interested in _ you like the plan or not. if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.只有只有whethe
17、r 后可以接不定式后可以接不定式 “to”介词后要用介词后要用whether. whether whether三三. 宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态宾语宾语从句中如果主句是从句中如果主句是现现在的在的时态时态,从句的从句的时态时态可根据可根据实际实际情况而定情况而定.I know he lives in Xian. 我知道他住在西安我知道他住在西安我知道他几年前住在西安我知道他几年前住在西安. I know he lived in Xian several years ago. 我知道他住在西安有十年了我知道他住在西安有十年了I know he has lived in Xian for ten
18、 years. 宾语从句中如果宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态主句是过去的时态, 那么从句的时态那么从句的时态? Lin Tao knows (现在时现在时) who lives (现在时现在时) here.Lin Tao knew (过去时过去时) who _ (进去时进去时) here.He says that he has seen it .He said that he _ it .I say that she is reading. I said that she _ reading.livedhad seenwas一定要用相应的过去时态一定要用相应的过去时态.即即:一般现在时一般现在
19、时- 一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时- 过去将来时（过去将来时（would do)现在进行时现在进行时 - 过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时 - 进去完成时进去完成时注意：如果从句说的是客观现象或真理，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon .The teacher told the students that no news is good news .1.我我们们老老师说师说一月份是一年当中的第一个月。一月份是一年当中的第一个月。Our teacher said that
20、_January is the first month of the year.2.科学家们已经证明了地球绕着太阳转。Scientists have proved that _the earth travels around the sun.当主句是当主句是现在时现在时, I hear that他将要来他将要来.he will come.he has already come. 他已经回来了他已经回来了.he is coming. 他正来他正来.当主句是当主句是过去时过去时, I heard thathe would come.he had already come.he was coming
21、.他将要来他将要来.他已经回来了他已经回来了.他正来。他正来。The teacher told us.The earth goes around the sun.The teacher told us (that) the earth goes around the sun.当从句说的是当从句说的是客观真理客观真理或或格言谚语格言谚语时时, 不受主句时态限制不受主句时态限制,仍仍然是然是一般现在时一般现在时.从句的时态根据句子的意思来选择时态从句的时态根据句子的意思来选择时态. .从句必须用相应的从句必须用相应的过去的某一时态过去的某一时态. .summarize 宾语从句是由整个句子充当主句
22、的宾语。二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语 序 （陈述句语序：主语+谓语）时 态I want to know _ he will come.I want to know _ he will come or not.用用whether, if 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句,但但whether 可以和可以和 or not连用，而连用，而 if 不可以。不可以。1.1.陈述句陈述句2.2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句3.3.一般疑问句一般疑问句whether/ifwhether用用that 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句用疑问词用疑问词who,whom,whose,which， what,where,how,why
23、,when引导宾语从句引导宾语从句1could / would是委婉语气，从句时态不变。是委婉语气，从句时态不变。注意事项vCould you please tell me you please tell me wherewhere we we show our our tickets ? tickets ?vCould you tell us you tell us which gatewhich gate we we have to go to ?go to ?vWould you you like like to to know know whenwhen he he will come
24、 back ?back ? Could you tell me. when will he come back?Could you tell me when he will come back?2 2 连词连词+ +宾语从句宾语从句 连词连词+to do+to dovI dont know what I shall do next . I dont know what to do next .vShe didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose .vPlease tell me w
25、hom youll give the letter to . Please tell me whom to give the letter to .注意事项 语序：陈述句语序 当从句的原句为以下句子以及当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，作主语时，语序不变：语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter?Whats happening? What happened? eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?注意事项practice1. 我不懂你什么意思。我不懂
26、你什么意思。 I dont understand _ _ _.2. 他不知道怎么样处理这件事。他不知道怎么样处理这件事。 He doesnt know _ _ _ deal with it.3. 能告诉我班上谁最高吗？能告诉我班上谁最高吗？ Could you tell me _ _ _ _ in class.4. 你知道我们每天需要喝多少水吗？你知道我们每天需要喝多少水吗？ Do you know _ _ _ _ _ _ _ every day?5. 我意识到哪个更重要了。我意识到哪个更重要了。 I realized _ _ _ more important.6. 你知道他怎么了吗？你知道他
27、怎么了吗？Do you know _ _ _ _with him?what you meanhow he canwho is the tallesthow much water we need to drinkwhich one wasWhat is the matterexercises1.I dont think you_( be) right. 2.I hope he _( come) tomorrow.3.I dont believe David _( steal) the money. 4.Please tell me where your sister _( work) last
28、year. 5.She asked whose pen it _( be) .6.Linda said she _( visit) Hainan island the next day.7.My grandfather told me that the sun _(rise) in the east. 8.The man said he _( sleep) at that time. are will come stole worked was would visit rises was sleepingtrue or falseShe asks me what does it mean ?H
29、e told me that he comes from Asia.I want to know whats his name?She asked me what was the matter.The scientist said that the earth moves around the sun.I was not sure why he leaves here .FFFscameis.TTFleft1. Do you know _ is right. A. that B. who C. why2. We never want to tell _A.which one is right
30、B. which one right is C. which is one right3. She doesnt know _ A. whats your name B. what your name is C. what name is you4. I dont understand _ A. what you mean B. what do you mean C. how do you mean5.There is not much difference between the two. I really dont know _.A. what should I choose B. whi
31、ch I should choose C. which should I choose D. what I should chooseBABAB6.-Can you make sure_? -Sorry, I cant. But I did see her just now. A. where did she go B. where she had gone C. where she has gone D. where will she go7. Sue left without saying a word. Im worried about _ I hurt his feelings. A.
32、 where B. what C. which D. whether8.-We are going to Paris. How about you? -We havent decided _our Christmas holidays. A. where we should spend B. that we should spend C. where should we spend D. when should we spend9.-I hear well have a new foreign teacher soon. Do you know when_? -Sorry, I have no idea. A. he will come B. will he come C. is he coming D. he was comingCADA
