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1、【介词命题趋势介词命题趋势】1、表示时间的介词2、表示方位和运动方向的介词3、常用介词用法辨析4、介词与其它词类的搭配1）形容词与介词的搭配2）动词与介词的搭配3）名词与介词的搭配【分析解读分析解读】介词为中考的必考点,主要考时间介词、方位介词和介词的固定搭配。介词在应用中有固定性，所以准确记忆其用法和搭配是掌握介词的关键。【知识方法知识方法】 表示时间的介词- at in on since after by until 等 表示方位的介词-in on over to above under in front of in the front of 介词+名词 介词的固定搭配的 be+形容词+介
2、词 介词 动词+介词 between & among across &through& over& past 易混介词的区别 in &on for &to &towards after & behind but & besides &except In & afterto & at 知知 识识 清清 单单介词是一种虚词，用来表示它后面的名词或代词同句中其他某个成分之间的关系。介词介词是一种虚词，用来表示它后面的名词或代词同句中其他某个成分之间的关系。介词在句中不能单独使用，必须连用它的宾语即后面的名词或代词构成介词词组后才能作句子成在句中不能单独使用，必须连用它的宾语即后面的名词或代词构成介词
3、词组后才能作句子成分。分。知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！1. 介词的功能介词的功能介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：The boy over there is Johns brother. 在那儿的那个男孩是约翰的弟弟。(定语)
4、The girl will be back in two hours. 这位姑娘过两个小时回来。 (状语)Our English teacher is from Australia.我们的英语老师来自澳大利亚。 (表语)Help yourself to some fish. 请吃些鱼。 (宾语补足语)2. 常用介词的用法辨析常用介词的用法辨析（1）表时间的介词）表时间的介词1）at, in on表示时间点用 at。例如：at six oclock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用 in。例如：in the nine
5、teenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon 等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用 on。例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning 等。since, after由 since 和 after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但 since 词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而 after 词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。例如：I havent heard from h
6、im since last summer.自从去年夏天，我再也没有收到他的信。After five days the boy came back.五天后，这男孩返回来。in, afterin 与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。After 与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。After 与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。例如：He will be back in two months.他在两个月后回来。He will arrive after four oclock 四点钟后，他到达。He returned after a mont
7、h.一个月后，他回来了。（2）表示地点的介词）表示地点的介词at, in, onat 一般指小地方；in 一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on 往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.他昨他天到达上海。They arrived at a small village before dark.他们在天黑前到达一个小村庄。There is a big hole in the wall.墙上有一个大洞。The teacher put up a picture on the wall.老师把一幅画挂在墙上。over, above, onover,
8、 on 和 above 都可表示“在上面”，但具体含义不同。Over 表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是 under。 above 也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是 below。On 指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：There is a bridge over the river.河上有一架桥。We flew above the clouds.我们飞越云层。They put some flowers on the teachers desk.他们把一些花放在讲桌上。across, throughacross 和 through 均可表示“从这一边到另一边”
9、，但用法不同。Across 的含义与 on 有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。Throgh 的含义与 in 有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。例如：The dog ran across the grass.狗跑过草地。The boy swam across the river.那男孩游过河。They walked through the forest.他们穿过森林。4) in front of, in the front ofin front of 表示表示“在某人或某物的前面在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；，在某个范围以外；in the front of 表示表示“在在的前部的前部”，
10、在某，在某个范围以内。例如：个范围以内。例如：There are some tall trees in front of the building.在大楼前有一些高树。The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.老师坐在教室前面3. 介词的固定搭配介词的固定搭配 介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。（1）介词与动词的搭配）介词与动词的搭配listen to , laugh at, get to, look for
11、wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spendon, 等。（2）介词与名词的搭配）介词与名词的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on ones way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end 等。（3）介词与形容词的搭配）介词与形容词的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested
12、 in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for 等。例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. -What time did you get there this morning? - _ eight. A. In B. On C. At D. From2. He has got a chair to sit _, but nobody to talk _. A. on, to B. / , with C. on, / D. / , to Wheres Lily? We are all here _ her. A. besi
13、de B. about C. except D. withShanghai lies _ the east of China. A. to B. in C. on D. at 精析： 1. 答案：C.此题考查学生是否掌握了 atin on 表示时间的用法。表示几点用 at. 2. 答案: A.此题考查位置介词 on 和词组 talk to . 3. 答案： C. 此题考查四个介词的意思。能根据上、下文正确使用。 4. 答案： B. 此题考查学生是否掌握了表达位置的用法。在表达东、西、南、北的方位时。在范围之内用 in , 在范围之外用 to，相邻用 on。练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！练习
14、与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！用适当的介词填空：Last Saturday I was busy _ my homework .My teacher was very angry _ me because I was late _ school again.Kathy prefers a hula hoop _ a book.I will invite some friends _ my eighteenth birthday party.How long has he worked _ an inventor.My uncle arrived _ the airport _ the morn
15、ing of May 3.I will always help my friends when they are _ trouble.There is nothing _ air _ space.I wont be back _ June. _ the age _ twenty, he had written two books. Mary fell _ her bike and hurt her right leg. He has been away _ China _ three years ago. When I was _ school, I was _ the school foot
16、ball team. I think he will be _ two oclock. The teacher was given some flowers _ his students. Look, the birds are singing _ the tree. He left the classroom _ all the windows open. My sister is ill today. She doesnt feel _ eating anything. Its too dangerous. You must keep the children away _ the fir
17、e. My parents arrived _ a cold night. You should apologize _ her _ stepping on her foot. The students are sitting _ the table, reading the newspaper. The city is famous _ its football, and people there are very proud _ their city football team. We are doing better _ English _ our teachers help. Dont
18、 worry _ me. Everything is going well _ me. He was late _ school today, and she came late _ school, too. - Do you know what happened _ Peter yesterday?- He was hit _ a car. I like clothes made _ cotton. He will go to Hangzhou _ his car tomorrow. _ my surprise, the Englishman gave up halfway _ the en
19、d. I saw the great changes _ my own eyes. You look tired. Instead _ working indoors you should be out _ a walk. Wushu is becoming more and more popular _ foreigners. If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me _ phone. There is going to be a report _ Chinese history _ our school this
20、 evening. Before 1990 there was no airline _ the two cities. She is dressed _ a white skirt _ red flowers. Its bad _ you to go to work _ breakfast. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup. - Where have you been these days?- I have been to Bei Daihe _ a friend _ Canada.- Would you l
21、ike some coffee?- Yes, and please get me some milk, too. I prefer coffee _ milk.- When did Mr Smith come here?- _ nine oclock yesterday morning. You must stand _ line when you are waiting _ a bus. - Jack, will you be home _ time to see the children before they go to bed?- No problem.China lies _ the
22、 east of Asia and _ the North of Australia.46. If you cant pass the exam, youll fall _ others.47. I have a swim every day _ yesterday.48. We all know that the earth moves _ the sun.49. The sunlight is coming in _ the window.50. This room is full_students and that one is filled_ teachers.Key: 1. with
23、 2. with, for 3. to 4. to 5. as 6. at, in 7. in, 8. but, in 9. until 10.At, of 11. off 12. from, since 13. in, on/in 14. in 15. by 16. in 17. with 18. like 19. from 20. on 21. to, for 22. at 23. for, of 24. in, with 25. about, with 26. for, to 27. to, by 28. from 29. in 30. To, in 31. with 32. of, f
24、or 33. among 34. by 35. on, in 36. between 37. in, with 38. without 39. of, for 40. with, from 41.to 42. At 43. in, for 44. in 45. in, to 46. behind 47. except 48. around 49. through 50. of, with【语法过关语法过关】1.China lies_ the east of Asia and_ the north of Australia, A. to; to B. in; to C to; in D. in;
25、 on 2.His son suddenly returned_ a cold rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. for 3.Timmy goes to school _ every day . Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school. A. in a bus B. by plane C. on foot D. by boat 4. Last month , students had to have their lessons by Internet _ because of SARS. A. on the pla
26、yground B. at home C. in the street D. near the hospital 5.Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures _ a camera. A. as B. for C. like D. of6. Some shops open_ 10:00 a. m. and 3 : 30 p. m, during the Spring Festival holidays. A. at B. between C. from D. about 7. - How are you going to
27、 the train station to meet your aunt? - Im going there _ my car. A. by B. in C. to D. on 8Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _an inch. A. by B. at C. to D. from9The home improvements have taken what little there is _my spare time. A. from B. in C. of D. at10They had a pleasant chat _a c
28、up of coffee.(北京)A. for B. with C. duringD. over【参考答案参考答案】1.B 表示在一个大的范围内用in，范围之外用to。 2.A 具体到某一天的时间用on。3.C 5 minutes walk 决定去学校的方式是 on foot。 4.B 语境中by Internet和 because of SARS决定了have their lessons - at home 。5.C like 在这里意思是像-。 6. B between 后接两个并列的成分，意思是在两者之间。 7. B in my car = by car。8 A。与数量连用可表示尺寸、距离等。依句意：幸运的是，子弹在距离上尉一英寸的地方与他擦肩而过，没有射中他。故应选 A。9 C。what 引导的从句作谓语 have taken 的宾语，而从句中的基本结构为 “there is little of”, 表示“有很少”what 修饰 little 提到了从句句首。正确答案为 C。10D用作介词表示时间时，可作“在（做）时（while doing, eating, etc） ”。故正确答案为。其句意为：他们在喝咖啡时进行了一次愉快的谈话。
