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1、Unit 6 语法空间语法空间定语从句定语从句 定语从句是中考英语的命题重点定语从句是中考英语的命题重点之一，但是难度较大，故题量相对较之一，但是难度较大，故题量相对较少。考察的主要形式是单项填空、完少。考察的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空和完成句子，主要涉及到关系形填空和完成句子，主要涉及到关系代词和关系副词。此外，在阅读理解代词和关系副词。此外，在阅读理解和书面表达中，也经常会出现定语从和书面表达中，也经常会出现定语从句。句。定语从句的构成和种类考点考点11、定语从句的构成方法：首先，要找出先行词；其次，要确定关系代、定语从句的构成方法：首先，要找出先行词；其次，要确定关系代词在从句中的充分
2、，确定先行词；最后要确定关系代词的人称、数、从词在从句中的充分，确定先行词；最后要确定关系代词的人称、数、从句的时态和语态句的时态和语态。2、关系代词在以下情况下可以省略：关系代词在句子担任动词宾语时；、关系代词在以下情况下可以省略：关系代词在句子担任动词宾语时；在句中作介词宾语，而且介词在末尾时；在句中作表语时；在在句中作介词宾语，而且介词在末尾时；在句中作表语时；在there be句型句型中；在先行词是中；在先行词是way时，既可以用时，既可以用that或或in which，又可以省略。，又可以省略。3、定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从、定语从句分为限制性定语从句
3、和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，如果删去，将会影响句子意思，其前不加任何标句与先行词关系密切，如果删去，将会影响句子意思，其前不加任何标点。非限制性定语从句对先行词起到进一步补充说明的作用，如果删掉，点。非限制性定语从句对先行词起到进一步补充说明的作用，如果删掉，不影响句子意思，通常用逗号把它和其他句子分开。在非限制性定语从不影响句子意思，通常用逗号把它和其他句子分开。在非限制性定语从句中，不能省略关系代词，也不能用关系代词句中，不能省略关系代词，也不能用关系代词that。1.The woman is here now. You were talking about her
4、. 1.The woman is here now. You were talking about her. whomwhom2.I know the boy. The boys father is a professor. 2.I know the boy. The boys father is a professor. whosewhose3.This is the house. We lived in this house last year. 3.This is the house. We lived in this house last year. wherewhere4.Who i
5、s the person4.Who is the person？The person is playing chess over there. The person is playing chess over there. thatthat5.Ill never forget the time. At that time we studied together. 5.Ill never forget the time. At that time we studied together. whenwhen考点考点1专练专练用括号中所给的关系代词或者关系副词将每组中的用括号中所给的关系代词或者关系
6、副词将每组中的两个句子连接起来。两个句子连接起来。The woman whom you were talking about is here now.I know the boy whose father is a professor.This is the house where we lived last year.Who is the person that is playing chess over there？Ill never forget the time when we studied together.1、关系代词、关系代词that可以指代人或者物，只能用在限制性定语从句中，
7、可以指代人或者物，只能用在限制性定语从句中，不能用在介词后面，但是当介词位于句末时，可以用不能用在介词后面，但是当介词位于句末时，可以用that；在指代；在指代物时，和物时，和which可以通用，在指代人时，可以和可以通用，在指代人时，可以和who通用。但是在通用。但是在以下场合只能用以下场合只能用that，不能用，不能用which：先行词是先行词是all，few，little，nothing，everything，anything等不等不 定代词；定代词；关系代词和关系副词的用法考点考点2 先行词被先行词被only，no，any，all等词修饰；等词修饰；先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词；先
8、行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词；先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词；先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词； 先行词既包括人又包括物时。先行词既包括人又包括物时。2、关系代词、关系代词who指人，在从句中可以充当主语和宾语，前面不指人，在从句中可以充当主语和宾语，前面不能有介词，如果带介词，必须用宾格的能有介词，如果带介词，必须用宾格的whom。who和和that在很在很多情况下可以通用，但是在以下场合下只能用多情况下可以通用，但是在以下场合下只能用who：考点考点2当先行词是当先行词是one，ones，anyone，those时；时；在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中已经有一个
9、在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中已经有一个that，另一个，另一个如果指代人时；如果指代人时；在在there be开头的句子中；开头的句子中；特殊疑问句的主语是特殊疑问句的主语是who，后面紧跟定语从句时。，后面紧跟定语从句时。3、关系代词、关系代词whose是代词的所有格，既可以代人又可以代物，是代词的所有格，既可以代人又可以代物， 放在修饰词之前；当指代物时相当于放在修饰词之前；当指代物时相当于of which，of which放在修放在修饰词之后。饰词之后。考点考点24、关系代词、关系代词which指代物或者前面的一句话，既可用在限制性指代物或者前面的一句话，既可用在限制性定语从句又可用
10、在非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中可定语从句又可用在非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中可以和以和that互换，但是关系代词前面有介词时，只能用互换，但是关系代词前面有介词时，只能用which。5、关系代词、关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个主句，可以放引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个主句，可以放在句首或者句末，一般用在固定句式中，如：在句首或者句末，一般用在固定句式中，如：as is known to us, as can be seen in the chart, as has been said, as we all know等。等。7 7、同样的句子意思既可以用关系代词又可以
11、用关系副词，但是、同样的句子意思既可以用关系代词又可以用关系副词，但是表达方式不一样。表达方式不一样。 如如：This is the house that/which I was born in. = This is the house in which I was born. = This is the house where I was born.考点考点26、关系副词、关系副词where指代表示地点的先行词，在句中作地点状语。指代表示地点的先行词，在句中作地点状语。关系副词关系副词when，指代表示时间的先行词，在句中作时间状语。，指代表示时间的先行词，在句中作时间状语。关系副词关系副词
12、why，指代原因，在句中作原因状语，口语中可和，指代原因，在句中作原因状语，口语中可和that互换，也可省略，先行词一般是互换，也可省略，先行词一般是reason。1.Do you know 1.Do you know is sitting behind Nancy is sitting behind Nancy？2. This is the school 2. This is the school I studied three I studied three years ago.years ago.3. The songs 3. The songs S.H.E sings are S.H.
13、E sings are very popular.very popular.4. I know a lady 4. I know a lady husband is a Nobel husband is a Nobel Prize winner.Prize winner.5. I dont know the reason 5. I dont know the reason he came late. he came late.考点考点2专练专练根据句意，填写适当的关系代词或者关系副词。根据句意，填写适当的关系代词或者关系副词。whowherewhich/that/不填不填whosewhy1.2
14、010 四川眉山四川眉山 Do you know the boy is sitting next to Peter？ Yes. He is peters friend. They are celebrating his birthday. A. who; ninth B. that; nineth C. /; nineth D. which; ninth2.2009 湖北黄石湖北黄石Mary，do you love popular music？ Yes. I love music I can sing alone . A. which; to B. that; with C. what; wi
15、th D. that; to3.2010 黑龙江鸡西黑龙江鸡西The old woman is wearing a pair of glasses Mrs. Black. A. which; are B. who; are C. who; is4.2011 山东菏泽山东菏泽Ill never forget the day the great scientist came to our school and gave us a speech. A. that B. which C. when D. where5.2011 浙江杭州浙江杭州Who is the man is reading a b
16、ook over there？ A. that B. which C. whose D. what6.2010 湖北荆门湖北荆门The girl you talked with at the school gate is our new math teacher. A. whose B. which C. whom D. what7.2011 江苏扬州江苏扬州One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou are often visited by foreigners are the West Slender Lake. A. what B. wh
17、o C. that D. /8.2011 广东广东The first thing my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter. A. which B. that C. why D. who9.2010 甘肃兰州甘肃兰州Have you found the information about the famous people you can use for the report？ Not yet. Ill search some on the internet. A. who B. what C. whom D.
18、which10.2009 辽宁锦州辽宁锦州Is everything we need to do ？ Yes. You neednt worry about it. A. which; has done B. which; doing C. that; has done D. that; done11.2011 广东清远广东清远Have you read the book is about the room？ A. what B. it C. / D. which12.2011 广东梅州广东梅州I hate those dont help others when they are in tro
19、uble. A. who B. which C. what D. where13.2011 四川成都四川成都The students in the higher grades I met in a football game are my good friends now. A. when B. which C. who14. 2011 天津天津John is the boy legs were badly hurt in the accident. A. whose B. that C. who D. which15.2011 湖北黄石湖北黄石Do you know the kid with Bob is talking over there. Yes, its my cousin. A. who B. that C. 不填不填 D. whom16. 2011 海南三亚海南三亚The first thing we should do is to tell him the news. A. who B. which C. that D. whom17. 2011 贵州铜仁贵州铜仁Li Mei is the student handwriting is the best in our class. A. whose B. whom C. who D. that
