《七选五阅读填空解题方略之探究》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《七选五阅读填空解题方略之探究（34页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、“七选五”阅读填空解题方略之探究高考专项题型高考专项题型海南中学 李亚莉lStep one:通过课前练习了解文章主题，体裁及通过课前练习了解文章主题，体裁及考查特点考查特点 文章文章 体裁体裁 主题主题 设空特点设空特点Passage1Passage2说明文说明文背景音乐背景音乐说明文说明文如何保持如何保持头脑敏锐头脑敏锐七个备选项，两个七个备选项，两个干扰项；文首，段干扰项；文首，段首，段中，段尾首，段中，段尾同上同上Step2：班内交流结论：考查重点：选项特点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握
2、。文章整体内容文章整体内容主旨概括句（段首，小标题）主旨概括句（段首，小标题）文章结构文章结构过渡性句子（段中，段尾）过渡性句子（段中，段尾）上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义注释性句子（段中，段尾）注释性句子（段中，段尾）内容的统一性段落的连贯性段内的关联性句句衔接的自然性因此我们需在做题时关注7选5阅读填空语篇特点Step3：分组讨论两篇文章分别解题的依据分组讨论两篇文章分别解题的依据The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? _71_ Its si
3、milar to the music you listen to, but its not exactly the same. Thats because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you dont even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. C. Music is playing in the background. 同词复现上下语义Passage1
4、【2011新新课标全国卷全国卷七七选五五】代词代词Quiet background music used to be called elevator (电电梯梯) music because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name Muzak. About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday. The music plays for 15 minute
5、s at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. _72_ B. The music gives them extra energy.同词复现人称照应反义暗示If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the
6、many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? _73_ F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.人称照应同词复现因果暗示近义暗示 Music is often played in public places because it is designed to m
7、ake people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. _74_ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.D. Fa
8、ctory workers produce 13 percent more.句式照应_75_ They say its boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when
9、they hear Muzak! A. Some people dont like Muzak.人称照应反义暗示因果暗示Keys:71-75CBFDA【2011辽宁卷宁卷七七选五五】Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain SharpEveryone is forgetful, but as we are aging, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth
10、trying.F.Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.转折关系具体/模糊近义暗示Passage21. 72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease (早早老老性性痴痴呆呆症症), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple
11、 as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.2. Go for a walk.3. Learn something new.A. Focus on the fu
12、ture.句式照应上下语义1. 72 People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease (早早老老性性痴痴呆呆症症), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. Theres evidence tha
13、t people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.E. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events.近义暗示因果关系2. Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose (葡葡萄萄糖糖) levels can harm the
14、 area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74 G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.近义暗示解释说明3. Learn something new
15、.Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺刺激激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 or go
16、 dancing with your friends.C. It should be something like learning gardening.并列/选择模糊/具体举例说明D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.干扰项干扰项A. Focus on the future.B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.C. It should be something like learning gardening.D. So take a few minutes each d
17、ay to do some reading.E. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events.F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain. 71-75 FAEGC篇章结构类题解题技巧（段首，段尾句）Step4:Conclusion通读整
18、篇文章，通读整篇文章，理清文章结构和理清文章结构和中心中心；根据试题所在；根据试题所在位置位置确定不确定不同的解题策略。同的解题策略。 如果问题设在段首：总分如果问题设在段尾：分总通常是段落主题句或小标题。通常是段落主题句或小标题。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。注意小标题的形式同一性。通常是结论、概括性语句。通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclud
19、e, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。语义链：每一个句子都要包含一些和上下句相似或有关的东西。细节类题型解题技巧关键词解题法：可注意词汇的衔关键词解题法：可注意词汇的衔接接.代词代词.冠词冠词.同义词，近义词同义词，近义词.反义词反义词 .上下义词，上下义词， 如如 fruit 和和 apple 或同一范畴词，如或同一范畴词，如 apple 和和 orangeThe logical connections逻辑衔接：句子间的逻辑关系并列递进概括归纳顺序因果解释例证转折对比1.2.3.4.解题步骤与技巧速读全文，理清文章结构，了解大意知主题速读全文，理清文章结构，了解大意知
20、主题。抓住段落大意，理清句际关系（意义、衔接）。抓住段落大意，理清句际关系（意义、衔接）。浏览七个选项，抓住各中关键词，注意衔接手浏览七个选项，抓住各中关键词，注意衔接手段及上下文构成的逻辑关系，结合排除法初步段及上下文构成的逻辑关系，结合排除法初步确定选项（形意结合，瞻前顾后，先易后难）。确定选项（形意结合，瞻前顾后，先易后难）。代入选项，复核层次划分有无错误，语义是代入选项，复核层次划分有无错误，语义是否连贯。否连贯。 分析干扰项，确定排除理由（依据分析干扰项，确定排除理由（依据主旨、衔接和关键词）主旨、衔接和关键词） 。u主旨概括句要么过于宽泛、要么以偏概全、或偏离主题；u过渡性句子不能
21、反映文章的行文结构；u注释性句子与上文脱节等。干扰项特点Step5:实战演练实战演练 It is always a painful process for college students to find jobs. 71 However, job positions are quite limited. In order to get a job, the candidates should be more competitive than ever before. A Chinese expert predicted that the job hunting pressure in Chi
22、na, with a rocketing increase in the active labor force, would reach its climax in 2006. Yet, this situation continues in 2010. In order to transfer the human resources that are more than needed or wanted to the less developed areas in China, the government has tried to launch a series of policies t
23、o help release the pressure. _72_ D. With many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobs.E. Whats more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own career. G. Competition for a job would be fierce as graduates this year will have
24、to join the job hunting group from previous years.- DE与上文形成因果关系与上文形成因果关系与上文形成递进关系与上文形成递进关系干扰干扰71与下一段内容不符与下一段内容不符 73 A higher education may be more helpful to find a good job in the future, while the temptation of an exciting job and the strong will of being a “real” adult urge the youth to step into
25、 society early. For example, when an undergraduate mechanical science and technology major at a famous university is preparing for his postgraduate exam, he receives an offer from a big foreign company one day. 74 Anyway, it is really tough to prepare for the postgraduate examination.A. Most probabl
26、y, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next year. B .Almost everyone worries about the result of the postgraduate examinationF. To go on with further education or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduate 概括句概括句-依据下文的解释依据下文的解释注释句注释句-干扰干扰74 AF75 This is a tough time
27、 and everyone should have some shining points to win the employers favor. As products of universities, college students are expected to be first-rate talents and should step into the excellent group in the society. However, these students may achieve unexpected success in the fields where their prof
28、essional knowledge functions to its maximization. C. “Survival of the fittest.” Darwins evolution theory appears in the personnel market.概括句概括句ClA. Most probably, he is so excited that he decides to quit the exam next year.lB. Almost everyone worries about the result of the postgraduate examination.
29、lC. “Survival of the fittest.” Darwins evolution theory appears in the personnel market.lD. With many colleges enlarged in recent years, large numbers of graduates need to hunt jobs.lE. Whats more, financial support is provided to encourage the graduates to start their own career.lF. To go on with f
30、urther education or to find a job is one of the hardest decisions for the graduatel students to make nowlG. Competition for a job would be fierce as graduates this year will have to join the job hunting group from previous years.lKeys:DEFACpassage2When I walked into the house after school, the first
31、 thing I noticed was a box with items I recognized from my dads office. When he told me that he was laid off, I thought he was joking. Then I noticed his seriousness and realized he was telling the truth. My father has always been a hard worker. He has prided himself on his career. 71 I guess I had
32、taken his work for granted. A. Providing for our family has been his joy.72 For starters, he was home all the time. It meant my bed had to be made, my room cleaned up, and my homework done right after school. I would come home every day to find him at the computer searching for jobs. 73 He seemed do
33、wn, though he tried to be optimistic. He asked my brother and me to spend less. I gave up my spending money, which wasnt much. I also found a part-time job. D. My fathers unemployment created many changes in our lives. C. I began to notice how losing his job had affected him.74 He explained that he
34、never wanted to be laid off again, so he was going to start his own business. Day by day, I watched him build it. One evening I asked if he needed help. “Only if it doesnt affect school,” he said. I showed up at his office the next afternoon, and most afternoons after that for two months. E. After m
35、onths of searching, my dad decided to go in a totally different direction. 75 The terrible experience for our family taught me how to deal with difficulties. Now I know that through creative problem-solving, I can always find Plan B. I can ask for help and take risks. What I have learned from my dad
36、s understanding of business and his work ethic (信条信条) are two of the most important lessons I will ever learn. And they will be my principles for success.G. I always knew he was a hard worker, but watching him in action influenced me a lot.F. His courage and determination helped him to become succes
37、sful in his new career.-干扰A. Providing for our family has been his joy.B. I made every effort to solve his problems.C. I began to notice how losing his job had affected him.D. My fathers unemployment created many changes in our lives. E. After months of searching, my dad decided to go in a totally different direction. F. His courage and determination helped him to become successful in his new career.G. I always knew he was a hard worker, but watching him in action influenced me a lot.Keys:ADCEG
