现在完成进行时

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1、第四讲第四讲 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时主讲人燕人行现在完成现在完成进行进行时时= =现在完成时现在完成时+ +进行时进行时现在完成时的一种复合时态构成 Have/has+been+Have/has+been+现在分词(现在分词(doingdoing)肯定式肯定式Have/has+been+Have/has+been+现在分词(现在分词(doingdoing)否定式否定式Have/has+not+been+Have/has+not+been+现在分词(现在分词(doingdoing) 疑问式疑问式Have+Have+主语主语+been+been+现在分词现在分词 简略回答简略回答Yes,Ye

2、s,主语主语have/has.have/has.No,No,主语主语havent/hasnt.havent/hasnt.常用时间状语n nAllthetimeAllthetimeOurfriendshavebeencomingaroundallthetime.Ourfriendshavebeencomingaroundallthetime.n nThisweek/monthThisweek/monthShehasbeenreadingthebookHemingwaysFarewellShehasbeenreadingthebookHemingwaysFarewellthismonth.this

3、month.n nAllnight/allthemorningAllnight/allthemorning Theyhavebeensinginganddancingallnight.Theyhavebeensinginganddancingallnight.n nRecentlyRecentlyIhavebeenpracticingridingbicyclerecently.Ihavebeenpracticingridingbicyclerecently.n nSince/forSince/forThisiswhatIhavebeenexpectingsincemychildhoodThis

4、iswhatIhavebeenexpectingsincemychildhood含义n n现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,并可能还要持续下去。ThepresentperfectThepresentperfectcontinuouscontinuoustensetense用法n n1)表示从过去某时开始的动作一直表示从过去某时开始的动作一直延续到说话时还在继续进行延续到说话时还在继续进行, ,并有可能并有可能延续下去的动作。延续下去的动作。 常和常和all this time, this week, this all this time, this week, this

5、 month, all night, all the morning, month, all night, all the morning, recentlyrecently等状语以及等状语以及sincesince和和forfor引导的状语引导的状语连用。连用。 如:如: ShehasbeenrecitingthewordsShehasbeenrecitingthewordsalltheallthemorningmorning. .她整个上午都在背单词。她整个上午都在背单词。 n n2 2)表示一个动作从过去某时开始,一)表示一个动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话时候刚结束。直延续到说话时候刚

6、结束。如:I have been waiting you for about I have been waiting you for about one hour.one hour.我等你大约一个小时了。我等你大约一个小时了。( (说话时说话时 等等 的动作刚结束的动作刚结束) ) She has been working all night She has been working all night long.long.她工作了一夜。她工作了一夜。n n3 3)表示重复(只断断续续,而非一直)表示重复(只断断续续,而非一直不停)不停)Weve been discussing the mat

7、ter several Weve been discussing the matter several times this year.times this year. 我们今年已数次讨论那件事。我们今年已数次讨论那件事。 I have been saying goodbye to some friends I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.today. 我今天同好几个朋友告了别我今天同好几个朋友告了别4 4)强调时间延续的长久,或带感情色彩,表)强调时间延续的长久,或带感情色彩,表示过去动作对现在造成的影响。示过去动作对现在造成

8、的影响。 如如: : She has been always working like that. She has been always working like that. 她她一贯一贯是这样工作的。是这样工作的。 What have you been doing to my dictionary? What have you been doing to my dictionary? 看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了!(现在字典被弄的看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了!(现在字典被弄的不成样子)不成样子) She has been doing too much work. She has been

9、doing too much work.她做的工作她做的工作太多了。(太多了。(Now he is tired out.Now he is tired out.)现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较n n(1 1)现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成,)现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成,或者在过去曾经发生过的动作;现在完成时或者在过去曾经发生过的动作;现在完成时往往表示仍将继续下去的动作。往往表示仍将继续下去的动作。如如: :I have written an article.I have written

10、an article.我写了一篇代章。(已完我写了一篇代章。(已完成)成)I have been writing an article.I have been writing an article.我一直在写一篇代我一直在写一篇代章。(还在写)章。(还在写)They have built a ship.They have built a ship.他们建了一艘船。(已完成)他们建了一艘船。(已完成)They have been building a ship.They have been building a ship.他们一直在建一艘他们一直在建一艘船。(在进行)船。(在进行)n n2 2)

11、当现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束时,现)当现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束时,现在完成时强调动作的结果,现在完成进行时在完成时强调动作的结果,现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以前持续进行的情景,并则强调动作在不久以前持续进行的情景,并带有感色彩。带有感色彩。如:如: Now we have cleaned the room; we can Now we have cleaned the room; we can move the things in .move the things in .现在房子打扫好了,现在房子打扫好了,我们可以往里搬东西了。(强调打扫完了的我们可以往里搬东西了。(强调打扫完了的结果

12、)结果)You look so tired. What have you been You look so tired. What have you been doing?doing?你看起来很累,你干什么了?你看起来很累,你干什么了?Ive been playing football.Ive been playing football.我踢足球了。我踢足球了。(强调不久前踢球的情景)(强调不久前踢球的情景)n n3 3)现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩,而)现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩,而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙,现在完成进行现在完成时一般是平铺直叙,现在完成进行时是现在完成时的强调形式时是

13、现在完成时的强调形式。如如: :I have been waiting for you for two I have been waiting for you for two hours. hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。(可能表我一直等了你两个小时。(可能表示不满)示不满) I have waited for you for two hours. I have waited for you for two hours. 我我等了你两个小时。(说明一个事实)等了你两个小时。(说明一个事实) n n4)4)现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,而现在完成时一般不表示

14、重复性。复,而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。 如:如: Have you been meeting him Have you been meeting him recently? recently? 你最近常和他见面吗?你最近常和他见面吗? Have you met him recently? Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗?你最近见到过他吗?n n5 5)有些表示状态、感觉、感情的词,如:)有些表示状态、感觉、感情的词,如:have,exist,like,hate,hear,know,soundhave,exist,like,hate,hear,know

15、,sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时,而能用于等动词不能用于现在完成进行时,而能用于现在完成时。现在完成时。如:如:Theyhaveknowneachothersince1970.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1970.自从自从19701970年他们就互相认识了。年他们就互相认识了。现在完成时与现在完成进行时现在完成时与现在完成进行时 练习篇练习篇OnemansmeatisanothermanspoisonOnemansmeatisanothermanspoison各有所爱各有所爱PeoplebecomequitePeoplebecomequiteillogical

16、illogical(不合(不合逻辑逻辑的)的) whentheytrytodecidewhatcanbeeatenwhentheytrytodecidewhatcanbeeatenandwhatcannotbeeaten.Ifyoulivedinandwhatcannotbeeaten.IfyoulivedinthetheMediterraneanMediterranean(地中海地(地中海地区区), ,forforinstanceinstance,youwouldconsider,youwouldconsideroctopusoctopus(章(章鱼鱼) agreatagreatdelica

17、cydelicacy.Youwouldnotbe.Youwouldnotbeabletounderstandwhysomepeoplefinditabletounderstandwhysomepeoplefinditrepulsiverepulsive.Ontheotherhand,yourstomach.Ontheotherhand,yourstomachwouldturnwouldturnattheideaofattheideaoffryingpotatoesinfryingpotatoesinanimalfat-thenormallyacceptedanimalfat-thenormal

18、lyacceptedpracticepractice inmanynortherncountries.Thesadtruthisinmanynortherncountries.Thesadtruthisthatmostofushavebeenbroughtuptothatmostofushavebeenbroughtuptoeatcertainfoodsandwesticktothemalleatcertainfoodsandwesticktothemallourlives.ourlives.NocreaturehasreceivedmorepraiseandNocreaturehasrece

19、ivedmorepraiseandabusethanthecommongardensnail.abusethanthecommongardensnail.Cookedinwine,snailsareagreatCookedinwine,snailsareagreatluxuryluxury(奢侈的)(奢侈的)invariouspartsoftheworld.invariouspartsoftheworld.Therearecountlesspeoplewho,everTherearecountlesspeoplewho,eversincetheirearlyyears,havelearnedt

20、osincetheirearlyyears,havelearnedtoassociatesnailswithfood.Myfriend,associatesnailswithfood.Myfriend,Robert,livesinacountrywheresnailsareRobert,livesinacountrywheresnailsaredespiseddespised(轻视)(轻视).Ashisflatisinalarge.Ashisflatisinalargetown,hehasnogardenofhisown.town,hehasnogardenofhisown.ForForyea

21、rshehasbeenaskingmetocollectyearshehasbeenaskingmetocollectsnailsfrommygardenandtakethemtosnailsfrommygardenandtakethemtohim.him.TheideaneverappealedtomeveryTheideaneverappealedtomeverymuch,butoneday,afterheavyshower,Imuch,butoneday,afterheavyshower,Ihappenedtobewalkinginmygardenhappenedtobewalkingi

22、nmygardenwhenInoticedahugenumberofsnailswhenInoticedahugenumberofsnailstakingastrolltakingastrollonsomeofonsomeofmyprizeplantsmyprizeplants. .ActingActingonasuddenimpulseonasuddenimpulse(一时冲动)(一时冲动),I,Icollectedseveraldozen,puttheminacollectedseveraldozen,puttheminapaperbag,andtookthemtoRobert.paper

23、bag,andtookthemtoRobert.RobertwasdelightedtoseemeandRobertwasdelightedtoseemeandequallypleasedwithmylittlegift.Ilefttheequallypleasedwithmylittlegift.IleftthebaginthehallandRobertandIwentintobaginthehallandRobertandIwentintothelivingroomwherewetalkedforathelivingroomwherewetalkedforacoupleofhours.Ih

24、adforgottenallaboutcoupleofhours.IhadforgottenallaboutthesnailswhenRobertsuddenlysaidthatIthesnailswhenRobertsuddenlysaidthatImuststaytodinner.Snailswould,ofmuststaytodinner.Snailswould,ofcourse,bethemaindish.Ididnotcourse,bethemaindish.Ididnotfancyfancy theideaandIreluctantlyfollowedRoberttheideaan

25、dIreluctantlyfollowedRobertoutoftheroom.outoftheroom.ToourdismayToourdismay,wesawthat,wesawthatthereweresnailseverywhere:theyhadthereweresnailseverywhere:theyhadescapedfromthepaperbagandhadtakenescapedfromthepaperbagandhadtakencompletepossessionofthehall!Ihavecompletepossessionofthehall!Ihaveneverbe

26、enabletolookatasnailsinceneverbeenabletolookatasnailsincethen.then.参考译文n n在决定什么能吃而什么不能吃的时候,人们往往变得在决定什么能吃而什么不能吃的时候,人们往往变得不合情理。比如,如果你住在地中海地区,你会把章不合情理。比如,如果你住在地中海地区,你会把章鱼视作是美味佳肴,同时不能理解为什么有人一见章鱼视作是美味佳肴,同时不能理解为什么有人一见章鱼就恶心。另一方面,你一想到动物油炸土豆就会反鱼就恶心。另一方面,你一想到动物油炸土豆就会反胃,但这在北方许多国家却是一种普通的烹任方法。胃,但这在北方许多国家却是一种普通的烹

27、任方法。不无遗憾的是,不无遗憾的是, 我们中的大部分人,生来就只吃某我们中的大部分人,生来就只吃某几种食品,而且一辈子都这样。几种食品,而且一辈子都这样。n n 没有一种生物所受到的赞美和厌恶会超过花园里没有一种生物所受到的赞美和厌恶会超过花园里常见的蜗牛了。蜗牛加酒烧煮后,便成了世界上许多常见的蜗牛了。蜗牛加酒烧煮后,便成了世界上许多地方的一道珍奇的名菜。有不计其数的人们从小就知地方的一道珍奇的名菜。有不计其数的人们从小就知道蜗牛可做菜。但我的朋友罗伯特却住在一个厌恶蜗道蜗牛可做菜。但我的朋友罗伯特却住在一个厌恶蜗牛的国家中。他住在大城市里的一所公寓里,没有自牛的国家中。他住在大城市里的一所

28、公寓里,没有自己的花园。多年来,他一直让我把我园子里的蜗牛收己的花园。多年来,他一直让我把我园子里的蜗牛收集起来给他捎去。一开始,他的这一想法没有引起我集起来给他捎去。一开始,他的这一想法没有引起我多大兴趣。多大兴趣。 后来有一天,一场大雨后,我在花园里漫后来有一天,一场大雨后,我在花园里漫无目的散步,突然注意到许许多多蜗牛在我无目的散步,突然注意到许许多多蜗牛在我的一些心爱的花木上慢悠悠的蠕动着。我一的一些心爱的花木上慢悠悠的蠕动着。我一时冲动,逮了几十只,装进一只纸袋里,带时冲动,逮了几十只,装进一只纸袋里,带着去找罗伯特。罗伯特见到我很高兴,对我着去找罗伯特。罗伯特见到我很高兴,对我的薄

29、礼也感到满意。我把纸袋放在门厅里,的薄礼也感到满意。我把纸袋放在门厅里,与罗伯特一起进了起居室,在那里聊了好几与罗伯特一起进了起居室,在那里聊了好几个钟头。我把蜗牛的事已忘得一干二净,罗个钟头。我把蜗牛的事已忘得一干二净,罗伯特突然提出一定要我留下来吃晚饭,这才伯特突然提出一定要我留下来吃晚饭,这才提醒了我。蜗牛当然是道主菜。我并不喜欢提醒了我。蜗牛当然是道主菜。我并不喜欢这个主意,所以我勉强跟着罗伯特走进了起这个主意,所以我勉强跟着罗伯特走进了起居室。使我们惊愕的是门厅里到处爬满了蜗居室。使我们惊愕的是门厅里到处爬满了蜗牛:它们从纸袋里逃了出来,爬得满厅都是!牛:它们从纸袋里逃了出来,爬得满

30、厅都是!从那以后,我再也不能看一眼蜗牛了。从那以后,我再也不能看一眼蜗牛了。A.Correctthefollowingsentencesn n1.Alltheseyearstheyarecontributing1.Alltheseyearstheyarecontributingarticlestoourmagazine.articlestoourmagazine.n n2.Ihavebeendrinkingfivecupsofcoffee2.Ihavebeendrinkingfivecupsofcoffeethisafternoon.thisafternoon.n n3.Whathaveyou

31、beendoingbeforeyou3.WhathaveyoubeendoingbeforeyouleftOxford?leftOxford?n n4.Itsagoodjob.Haveyoudoneitallby4.Itsagoodjob.Haveyoudoneitallbyyourself?yourself?n n1.Alltheseyearsthey1.Alltheseyearstheyarearecontributingcontributingarticlestoourmagazine.articlestoourmagazine.havebeencontributedhavebeenco

32、ntributedn n2.I2.Ihavebeendrinkinghavebeendrinkingfivecupsoffivecupsofcoffeethisafternoon.coffeethisafternoon.havedrunkhavedrunkn n3.What3.WhathavehaveyoubeendoingbeforeyoubeendoingbeforeyouleftOxford?youleftOxford?HadHadn n4.Itsagoodjob.4.Itsagoodjob.HaveyoudoneHaveyoudoneitallitallbyyourself?byyou

33、rself?DidyoudoDidyoudo n n5.Itsalongtimesinceyoucometo5.Itsalongtimesinceyoucometoseeme.seeme.n n6.AlicedidntseemuchofHenry6.AlicedidntseemuchofHenrylately.lately.n n7.Imgladtotellyouthatyoupassed7.Imgladtotellyouthatyoupassedtheexamtheexam. .n n5.Itsalongtimesinceyoucometoseeme.Camen n6.Alicedidnts

34、eemuchofHenrylately.Hasntseenn n7.Imgladtotellyouthatyoupassedtheexam.HavepassedB.CompletethefollowingsentenceswiththeB.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththerightformoftheverbsgiven.rightformoftheverbsgiven.n n1.Youknow,I_(look)forajobfor1.Youknow,I_(look)forajobforthreemonths,andthisismyfirstformalt

35、hreemonths,andthisismyfirstformalinterview.interview.n n2.Mysister_(stay)inBeijingfor2.Mysister_(stay)inBeijingforthreemonthslastyear.threemonthslastyear.n n3.Thelittleboyisdirtyalloverbecausehe3.Thelittleboyisdirtyalloverbecausehe_(play)inthemudallthemorning._(play)inthemudallthemorning.n n4.I_(won

36、der)ifyouwerefreethisafternoon.n n5.Hereheis!We_(wait)anxiouslyforhimsincelastnight.n nhavebeenlookingn nstayedn nhasbeenplaying/hasplayedn nwonderedn nhavebeenwaiting高考题1.(10安徽34)-Wevespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.-well,itisntsurprising.Ourfriendsandrelatives_aroundallthetime.A.arecomingB.hadcomeC.were

37、comingD.havebeencomingn nKey:DComearoundComearound1 1、不及物动词、不及物动词(visit)(visit)来访来访 2 2、不及物动词(、不及物动词(agreeagree)改变态度)改变态度如:如:Shehasfinallycomesaroundtomyidea.Shehasfinallycomesaroundtomyidea.3 3、不及物动词、不及物动词 (reoccurreoccur)来到)来到 如:如:IcantbelieveChristmashascomearoundagainIcantbelieveChristmashascome

38、aroundagainsofast.sofast.4 4、不及物动词、不及物动词 苏醒过来苏醒过来n n2.(10湖南34)Imtiredout.IallafternoonandIdontseemtohavefinishedanything.A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshoppingKey:D句意为:句意为:“我现在很累。我整个下午我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物,我好像什么事都没做成一直在购物,我好像什么事都没做成似的。似的。” 由由语境语境可判断选可判断选D D项。项。n n3.(10江西30)Motherwantedtobea

39、goodprovider,aroleshe_sincehermarriagetoFather.AshouldersBshoulderedCisshoulderingDhasbeenshoulderingkey:Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshehasbeenshoulderingsincehermarriagetoFather.shoulderarolen n4.(10天津4)Weonthisprojectforfourhours.Letshavearest.A.areworkingB.havebeenworkingC.workedD.hadworke

40、d答案:答案:B. 句意句意句意句意:我们在这项工程上一直工作了四:我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会。个小时了。咱们休息一会。解析:解析:解析:解析:从句子的时间状语从句子的时间状语for four for four hourshours和后面的句子和后面的句子Lets have a Lets have a restrest可知,动作从过去发生,到说话可知,动作从过去发生,到说话的时候一直在进行着,所以此处要用的时候一直在进行着,所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。现在完成进行时态。 n n5.(10辽宁24)Joseph_toeveningclassessincelastmont

41、h,buthestillcantsay“Whatsyourname?”inRussian.AhasbeengoingBwentCgoesDhasgone答案:答案:答案:答案:A A句意句意句意句意:约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校,可是:约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校,可是他仍然不能用俄语说他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字?你叫什么名字?”。解析:解析:解析:解析:考查时态。句中考查时态。句中since last monthsince last month,表,表示示“自从上个月起自从上个月起”根据根据butbut后的句意,说后的句意,说明明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着,所以要动作从过去发生到

42、现在一直在进行着,所以要用现在完成进行时态。用现在完成进行时态。n n6.(10重庆31)-Whydoyouwanttoworkforourcompany?-ThisisthejobthatIfor.A.lookedB.amtolookC.hadlookedD.havebeenlooking答案答案D D考点:考点:考点:考点:考查时态。考查时态。解析:解析:解析:解析:由句意:这就是我一直寻找的工由句意:这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时,表示从过作可知用现在完成进行时,表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在,并且有可能持续下去在,并且有可能持续下

43、去 n n7.(087.(08江苏江苏33)33)ImsureAndrewwillwinthefirstImsureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.prizeinthefinal.Ithinkso.HeIthinkso.Heforitforforitformonths.months.A.ispreparingA.ispreparingB.wasB.waspreparingpreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparingpreparing答案 D解析 由句中“

44、for months”与“will”可知,prepare的动作应发生在过去而且到目前还在继续,故用现在完成进行时。n n8、Ihavegotaheadache.Nowonder.Youinfrontofthatcomputertoolong.A.work B.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.worked答案 C解析解析 由由“I have got a headache”“I have got a headache”可知,空处应用现在完成进行时表示可知,空处应用现在完成进行时表示动作动作“从过去开始持续至今且还会进从过去开始持续至今且还会进行下去行下去”,体现过去开始的

45、动作对现,体现过去开始的动作对现在的影响及结果。在的影响及结果。No wonder 不足为奇,怪不得n n9.(079.(07湖南湖南31)31)CathyistakingnotesoftheCathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatgrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchoolSunshineSchool,whereshewheresheEnglishEnglishforayear.forayear.A.studiesA.studiesB.studiedB.studiedC.isstudyingC.isst

46、udyingD.hasbeenstudyingD.hasbeenstudying答案答案 D D 句意为:句意为:CathyCathy正在正在Sunshine SchoolSunshine School的课堂上记语法规则的笔记,她已在的课堂上记语法规则的笔记,她已在那儿学了一年英语。那儿学了一年英语。Take notes of Take notes of 记笔记记笔记n n10.(0610.(06湖北湖北32)32)IwonttellthestudenttheIwonttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilanswertothemathprob

47、lemuntilheheonitformoreonitformorethananhour.thananhour.A.hasbeenworkingA.hasbeenworkingB.willhaveworkedB.willhaveworkedC.willhavebeenworkingC.willhavebeenworkingD.hadworkedD.hadworkedIwonttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilhehasbeenworkingonitformorethananhour.答案答案 A A解析解析 主句为一般将来时态,时间状语主句

48、为一般将来时态,时间状语从句需用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句需用一般现在时或现在完成时,因此选因此选A A项项. .n n11.(0611.(06山东山东33)33)PolicearenowsearchingforawomanPolicearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedtowhoisreportedtosincethefloodhittheareasincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.lastFriday.A.havebeenmissingA.havebeenmissingB.havegotlostB.havegotlos

49、tC.bemissingC.bemissingD.getlostD.getlostPolicearenowsearchingforaPolicearenowsearchingforawomanwhowomanwhoisreportedtoisreportedtohavebeenhavebeenmissingsincethefloodmissingsincethefloodhithittheareathearealastFriday.lastFriday.答案答案 A A解析解析 由句意可知由句意可知“失踪失踪”这一动作仍这一动作仍在持续中,故须用进行时态;又由在持续中,故须用进行时态;又由sincesince知应用完成时态。知应用完成时态。

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