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1、小学英语语法知识讲解小学英语语法知识讲解一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时含有be动词的句型一般过去时表示过去时间内某人某物存在的状态，性质等eg:I was a teacher last year. She(He) was a singer.WeYou were happy.They一般现在时表示某人某物现在的状态，性质等eg: I am a teacher now. She(He) is a singer. We They are happy. You一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时Exe:1.She_ (be) our English teacher. 2.Tom and
2、 Nike _ (be)my classmates. 3.I _ (be)a student. 4.You _ (be)a lovely girl. 5.They _(be) my parents. 6.They _ (be) farmers two years ago. 7.Mike _ (be) a baby long long ago. 8.We _ (be) at home last night.含有be动词的句型结构一般现在时： 肯定式肯定式: :主语表语主语表语 否定式否定式: : 主语+BE(am is are)+NOT+ 表语. 疑问式：疑问式： BE(Am Is Are)+主
3、语 表语？ 一般过去时：肯定式肯定式: :主语表语主语表语否定式：否定式：主语（was were)+NOT+表语疑问式：疑问式：BE(Was Were)+主语表语？不含动词的句型( (主语是第一，二人称及第三人称复数）主语是第一，二人称及第三人称复数）一般现在时用来表示习惯性，经常性发生的动作eg:I go to work by bus everyday.you watch TV everynight.we play basketball on the weekends.They have lessons everymoring.主语主语动词原形动词原形其他其他一般过去时用来表示在过去的时间里
4、发生的动作eg: I went to work by bus yesterday. you watched TV last night. We played basketball last weekend. They had lessons two days ago.主语主语动词过去式动词过去式其他其他主语是第三人称单数（肯定句）He goes to work by bus everyday.She watchesTV everynight.李明 plays basketball on the weekends.It snows in every winter. 主语主语动词单三动词单三其他其
5、他He went to work by bus yesterday.She watched TV last night.李明 played basketball three days ago.It snowed in last winter. 主语主语动词过去式动词过去式其他其他主语是第一，二人称及第三人称复数（否定句）（否定句）I do not go to work by bus everyday.you do not watch TV everynight.we do not play basketball on the weekends.They do not have lessons
6、everymoring.主语donot+动词原形 +其他I did not go to work by bus yesterday. you did not watch TV last night. We did not play basketball last weekend. They did not have lessons two days ago.主语did+not+动词原形 其他主语是第三人称单数（否定句）（否定句）He does not go to work by bus everyday.She does not watch TV everynight.李明 does not
7、play basketball on the weekends.It does not snow in every winter.主语doesnot+动词原形 +其他He did not go to work by bus yesterday.She did not watch TV last night.李明 did not play basketball three days ago.It did not snow in last winter. 主语didnot+动词原形 +其他Exe: 1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) u
8、p at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_ (do) he usually _ (do) after school?5. Danny _ (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.7. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting b
9、ook.8. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.9. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning. 10.When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year. 一般过去时的概念一般过去时的概念一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如
10、：如：last year, yesterday等；等；yesterday morning，one day，last year，two days ago，two hours ago, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month), 例如：例如： I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。昨天我在街上看见他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。去年李梅总是步行上学。动词过去时的构成动词过去
11、式的构成：(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。小学阶段要掌握的几个动词的过去式:watched TV,
12、 washed clothes, played football, cleaned the room, visited grandparents, went to a park, went swimming, read a book, went fishing, went hiking, learned Chinese, sang and danced, took pictures, climbed a mountain, ate good food, bought presents, rowed a boat, saw elephants, went skiing, went ice-ska
13、ting.一般过去时的练习I.用所给的动词的适当形式填空。He _(visit) the Great Wall last year.2.We_(have) a good time yesterday.3.We often _(go) to school by bus last year.4.I _(live)in the village when I was a child.5.Mike_(see) a big tiger in the nature park last year.visited6.Sam_ (do) the housework yesterday.7._(do) you _(
14、enjoy) yourself yesterday?8._(do)you _(play) the violin in the artroom yesterday?No, I didnt. I_(draw)some pictures there.9. I _ (eat) a big pizza yesterday.10.There_ (be) many sheep on the farm last year.11. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.12. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.13. We _ t
15、o zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)14. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?15. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.一般过去时的几种句型肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句结构为：主语+did not (didnt)+动词原形+其它。如：He didnt go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩
16、具店一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语动词原形其它？如：1) -Did you go to Beijing last week?-Yes, we did. (No, we didnt.)2) -Did you meet the businessman before?-No, I didnt. (Yes, I did.)一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词did+主语动词原形其它？如：1) -What did you do last night?-I did my homework.2) -Where did you go last week?-I went to Shanghai wi
17、th my parents一般过去时口诀动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。1.Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）（改否定句） Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2.He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑（变一般疑问句问句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3.She st
18、ayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问） _ _ _ she _ there?4.There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑（变一般疑问句问句) _ there _ orange in the cup? 选择填空1. She watered the flowers _. A tomorrow B sometimes C yesterday morning 2.What _ Mike do last weekend ? A do B does C did 3. I _ my room last Sunday. A clea
19、ned B clean C am cleaning 4. I often help my mother _ housework A does B did C do 5. _ you _ TV last night . A Do, watch B Did, watch C Did, watched6.-Did your father write an e-mail yesterday ？ A Yes, he did. B Yes, he does C No, he dont7.They _ on a trip in February ,2007. A are going B going C we
20、nt 8.Were going to _ mountains tomorrow . A climb B climbed C climbing9. _ he _ football two days ago? A Does , play B Did , played C Did , play10.-Good afternoon, Miss Lee. How does Mike feel? -Hes tired . He _ a lot of work _ . A does , this morning B do , this morning C did , this morning 连词成句。1. did, what, you, yesterday, do. _2. watch, John, did, TV, weekend, last. _3. went, I ,to, by, park, a, bike _ 4. jumped, the, into, lake, he, and, the, to, swam, kite. _What did you do yesterday ?I went to a park by bike .
