定语从句PPT课件39140

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1、 The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句1a 定语定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词分词、不定式不定式、介词短语介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。等来担任，修饰名词。( (以分词、介词短语为例）以分词、介词短语为例） 例：例： The girlThe girl behind the tree behind the tree is Kate.is Kate. The manThe man driving too fast driving too fast was drunk.was drunk. 定语从句定语从句在英语中，修饰在英语中，修饰名

2、词名词或或代词代词的的句子句子叫定语从句。叫定语从句。 例：例：The girlThe girl who is behind the tree who is behind the tree is Kate.is Kate. The manThe man who was driving too fast who was driving too fast was drunkwas drunk.2aeg. The boyeg. The boy whowho is reading is reading is Tom. is Tom.先行词先行词关系代词关系代词Hospital is Hospital

3、is a placea place where a doctor workswhere a doctor works. .先行词先行词关系副词关系副词放在名词或代词名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副关系代词或关系副词词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。3a关系代词如何引导定语从句关系代词如何引导定语从句q普通代词与关系代词的区别普通代词与关系代词的区别I have a sisterI have a sister. .SheShe works in Shanghai.works in Shanghai. 代替 sistersisterq普通代词普通代词：只

4、起代替的作用（如上例：只起代替的作用（如上例she)she)I have I have a sistera sister who/thatwho/that works in Shanghai.works in Shanghai.q关系代词关系代词： （如上例（如上例who/whichwho/which） 1. 1.代替代替先行词先行词; ; 2. 2.它还在定语从句中它还在定语从句中担任担任一定的一定的成分成分; 3. ; 3. 同时同时连接连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）句和从句连起来）4a The building is our scho

5、ol.The building is our school. The building stands by the river. The building stands by the river. v 关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人人称、数必须和先行词一致。称、数必须和先行词一致。The buildingThe building which/thatw

6、hich/that stands by the river is our school. stands by the river is our school. 先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句vwhich/that which/that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词词the building, the building, 同时担任从句中的主语，也起连同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。起来。5a 关系词关系词判判 断断 步步 骤骤 : :v 首先，要看先行词。首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人如

7、果先行词是指人, ,关系代词关系代词 可用可用 who,that,whom,whosewho,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物如果先行词指物, ,关系关系 代词可用代词可用whichwhich或或that;that;v 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词 主格 宾格 所有格 人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which6a 最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. . 注注: :定语从句的时态不受主句的限制定语从句的

8、时态不受主句的限制。 The womanThe woman who/thatwho/that spoke spoke at the meeting at the meeting yesterday yesterday is is mymy mother.mother. ( (主句主句)The woman is my mother.)The woman is my mother.( (叙述客观事实叙述客观事实 用一般现在时用一般现在时) ) ( (从句从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the )The woman (who/that) spoke at the m

9、eeting yesterday.meeting yesterday. ( (句中句中yesterdayyesterday表示过去时间表示过去时间) )7a8athe tallthe tallthe strong the strong the cleverthe cleverboyboyThe The boyboy is Tom. is Tom.The The boyboy whowho is tall is tall is Tom. is Tom.The The boyboy whowho is strong is strong is Tom is TomThe The boyboy who

10、who is clever is clever is Tom is Tom9a The boy is Tom. The boy is Tom. The boy is smilingThe boy is smiling. . The boy is Tom. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round faceThe boy has a round face. . The boy The boy whowho is smiling is smiling is Tom. is Tom. ( (主语主语) )The boyThe boy whowho has a round

11、 face has a round face is Tom. is Tom. The boy is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of meHe sits in front of me. .The boy The boy whowho sits in front of me sits in front of me is Tom. is Tom. 10a The man is kind. The man is kind. Everyone likes himEveryone likes him. . The man The man ( (who)wh

12、o) everyone likes everyone likes is kind. is kind. ( (宾语宾语) ) The woman got the job. The woman got the job. We saw her on the streetWe saw her on the street. .The woman The woman ( (whom)whom) we saw on the street we saw on the street got the job. got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. The te

13、acher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterdayWe met the teacher yesterday. . The teacher The teacher ( (whom)whom) we met yesterday we met yesterday will give us a talk.will give us a talk.11a关系代词关系代词 指人指人, ,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语( (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The manThe man( ( who)who) I talked with is our teach

14、er. I talked with is our teacher.A person A person whowho steals things is called a thief. steals things is called a thief.指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如如 介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省) The man The man (whom/who)(whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li. I talked to is Mr. Li.The man The man to whomto whom I talked is

15、 Mr. Li. I talked is Mr. Li.12a关系代词关系代词 3.whose 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式是代词的所有格形式, , 它既可以代人它既可以代人也可以代物。也可以代物。 Please show me the Please show me the bookbook . . ItsIts cover is red. cover is red. Please show me the Please show me the bookbook whose coverwhose cover is red. is red.I saw a I saw a womanwoman

16、 . . Her bagHer bag was stolen . was stolen .I saw aI saw a woman woman whose bagwhose bag was stolen. was stolen.13aappleapplethe redthe redthe greenthe greenthe smallthe smallthe bigthe bigThe apple The apple whichwhich is red is red is mine. is mine.The apple The apple whichwhich is green is gree

17、n is yours. is yours.The apple The apple whichwhich is red is red is small is smallThe apple The apple whichwhich is green is green is big. is big.14aCan you find the pen? Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just nowI wrote with it just now. .Can you find the pen Can you find the pen with whichwit

18、h which I wrote just now?I wrote just now?Can you find the pen Can you find the pen (which)(which) I I wrote with just now? wrote with just now? 15a4.which 4.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 ( (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略, ,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) ) These are the trees These are the trees whichwhich were planted were planted

19、 last year.last year.The TV set (The TV set (which)which) he bought yesterday is he bought yesterday is made in Japan. made in Japan. Is this the library Is this the library (which)(which) you borrow books you borrow books from?from?Is this the library Is this the library from whichfrom which you yo

20、u borrow books?borrow books?16a1)This is the This is the herohero( whom)( whom) we are proud of. we are proud of. This is the hero This is the hero of whomof whom we are proud . This we are proud . This is the herois the hero(that)(that) we are proud of . we are proud of .2)The 2)The roomroom (that)

21、(that) I live in is very big. I live in is very big. The The roomroom ( (which)which) I live in is very big. I live in is very big. The The roomroom in whichin which I live is very big. I live is very big. The The roomroom wherewhere I live is very big. I live is very big.注意: : 固定动介词组不可分割固定动介词组不可分割,

22、 ,介词不能提前介词不能提前. .例如例如:look after,look at :look after,look at 关系代词与介词关系代词与介词: : 介词放在关系代词的前介词放在关系代词的前面时面时, ,介词宾语只能用介词宾语只能用whichwhich代物代物, , 用用whomwhom代代人。人。( (介词在末尾时介词在末尾时, ,关系词可以省略关系词可以省略) )17a 定语从句中需注意事项定语从句中需注意事项 有些情况下只用关系词有些情况下只用关系词thatthat, ,而不宜用而不宜用whichwhich1. 1.从句所修饰的词又被从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或

23、序数序数词词修饰时修饰时 This is the most interesting storyThis is the most interesting story( that )( that )I have I have ever heard.ever heard. The first meeting The first meeting( that)( that) we will take part in will we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.be held in the afternoon. 2. 2.先行词是先行词是

24、 something, nothing, anythingsomething, nothing, anything等等不不定代词定代词时时 Here is somethingHere is something( that)( that) I will tell you. I will tell you.18a3. 3.先行词既有先行词既有人人也有也有物物时时, ,只能用只能用thatthat I can remember well the persons and some I can remember well the persons and some pictures pictures (t

25、hat)(that) I see. I see. 4. 4.先行词是先行词是one of,the one, one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much, little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last same, the last 作修饰时作修饰时 Is it the one Is it the one thatthat you want ? you want ? I

26、 havent got much I havent got much thatthat I can offer you. I can offer you. 5. 5.当当主句主句已有已有疑问词疑问词 whowho或或whichwhich时，用时，用thatthat Who is the woman Who is the woman thatthat was praised at the was praised at the meeting? meeting? 19a注注: : who who、thatthat在指人可以通用，但下列在指人可以通用，但下列宜用宜用 whowho, ,不用不用tha

27、tthat 1).1).先行词是先行词是anyone, someone, anyone, someone, thosethose时，关时，关系词使用系词使用whowho Those Those whowho want to go to the Great Wall sign want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.up here. Is there anyone Is there anyone whowho wants to go there? wants to go there? 2). 2).在在there bethere be 句型中，先行词指

28、人句型中，先行词指人, ,关系词关系词用用whowho There is an old man There is an old man whowho wants to see you. wants to see you. There are many young men There are many young men whowho are are against him. against him.20a 关系副词关系副词 关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样代词一样, ,在从句中代替先行词在从句中代替先行词, ,在句中在句中作状语作状语。 wh

29、ere:where:在从句中作在从句中作地点状语地点状语, ,指代地点指代地点. . when:when: 在从句中作在从句中作时间状语时间状语, ,指代时间。指代时间。 hotel hotel wasnt clean. wasnt clean. + + We stayed We stayed at the hotelat the hotel. .The The hotelhotel wherewhere we stayed wasnt clean. we stayed wasnt clean.The The hotelhotel at whichat which we stayed wasn

30、t clean. we stayed wasnt clean.TheThe hotelhotel (which)(which) we stayed at wasnt clean.we stayed at wasnt clean.21a2.Ill never forget 2.Ill never forget the daythe day. . I joined the League I joined the League on that dayon that day. . Ill never forget Ill never forget the daythe day whenwhen I I

31、 joined the League. joined the League. Ill never forget Ill never forget the daythe day on whichon which I joined the League . I joined the League .22a(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. (1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.We met her yesterday.The scientist

32、The scientist we met yesterday is very we met yesterday is very who who famous in the world.famous in the world. whom whom that that (2) The dress is new. (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.She is wearing it.The dress The dress thatthat she is wearing is new. she is wearing is new. whichwhich 2

33、3a(3) He is the kind person. (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this I have ever seen this filmfilm. .He is the kind person He is the kind person thatthat I have ever worked I have

34、 ever worked whowho with. with. whomwhom This is the best film This is the best film thatthat I have ever seen. I have ever seen. 24a 单项选择。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. 1. This is the job _they laughed at. 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. 2. Beihai Park is a beau

35、tiful park_built about 300 years ago.3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays 3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting?meeting?A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seenA.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle.4. The man

36、_is painting the house is my uncle.5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket?5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket?A AC CB BD DB B25a6. This book is for the students _native language isnt 6. This book is for the students _native language isnt English.English. A.that A.tha

37、t B.of whom C.whose B.of whom C.whose D.whos D.whos7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone 7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!”_moves!”8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful.8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which A.whic

38、h B.for which C.on which D.about which C.on which D.about which9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa 9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.now. A.whose B.who C.his D./ A.whose B.who C.his D./10.The man10.The man_ _ is smoking is a bus driver. is smoking

39、is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. what A. whom B.who C. which D. whatC CC CA AA AB B26a 根据汉语完成句子：根据汉语完成句子：1.This is the engineer _1.This is the engineer _ ( (给我们作关于计算机报告的给我们作关于计算机报告的) the other day.) the other day.2.My necklace is not _. 2.My necklace is not _. ( (唯一不见的东西唯一不见的东西). ).3.The m

40、an_ 3.The man_ ( (在这间房子里工作的在这间房子里工作的)is an English teacher.)is an English teacher.4.The old building4.The old building_ (_ (我我们住的们住的) has been here for 30 years.) has been here for 30 years.5.The history book _5.The history book _ ( (封皮是黄的）封皮是黄的）was lost.was lost.who gave us a talk about computerswh

41、o gave us a talk about computersthe only thing thats missingthe only thing thats missingwho works in the roomwho works in the room(that/which) we live in(that/which) we live inwhose cover is yellowwhose cover is yellow27a 根据汉语完成句子：根据汉语完成句子：6.Here is the pen _ . 6.Here is the pen _ . ( (你昨天丢失的）你昨天丢失的

42、）7.This is the best book_ _. (7.This is the best book_ _. (我我读过的）读过的）8.I have lost the pen_. 8.I have lost the pen_. （我父亲给我买的）（我父亲给我买的）9.Wheat is a plant_ 9.Wheat is a plant_ _. _. （中国北方（中国北方 种植的）种植的）10.I dont like the people_.10.I dont like the people_. ( (说得多说得多, ,做得少的）做得少的） (that)you lost yesterd

43、ay.(that)you lost yesterday.(that) I have ever read(that) I have ever read(which/that) my father bought me(which/that) my father bought me which/that is grownwhich/that is grownwho talk too much but do littlewho talk too much but do littlein the north of Chinain the north of China28a Homework:Homework:1. 1.Revise the attributive clause.Revise the attributive clause.2.Write 10 sentences with the 2.Write 10 sentences with the attributive clause.attributive clause.29a30a