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1、主：主语主：主语 谓：谓语谓：谓语主谓一致：主语和谓语在主谓一致：主语和谓语在 人称：人称：She; they; 数数:单数复数单数复数即谓语动词用单数或复数由主语决定即谓语动词用单数或复数由主语决定（看人称和数）（看人称和数） 语法一致：语法一致：主为复数主为复数 -谓语用复数：谓语用复数：They _(be) good students主语为单数主语为单数-谓语用单数谓语用单数She_(be) a good girl. So easy!Do you understand?意义一致：指根据概念决定单复数意义一致：指根据概念决定单复数Ten years_(be) very long.就近一致原
2、则：按照最靠近的主语决定就近一致原则：按照最靠近的主语决定Not only the teacher but also the students _(like) playing basketball.注意：注意：要分清一些名词作主语时要分清一些名词作主语时 单数？单数？ 复数？复数？The singer and dancer _ on the stage. (be)同一概念同一概念/同一个人同一个人-单数单数The singer and the dancer_on the stage.(be)isA knife and fork _ used to have meals. (be)is2.用用a
3、nd连接的单数主语，前面有连接的单数主语，前面有each, every, many a 等词修饰时，谓等词修饰时，谓语用单数。例如：语用单数。例如：Every boy and girl_(have) a dream.每个男孩和每个男孩和女孩都有梦想。女孩都有梦想。Many a boy and girl_(like)English.很多男孩和女孩很多男孩和女孩喜欢英语。喜欢英语。 either.orneithernor orNot only.but also跟最近跟最近的主语的主语1.Not only you but also your friend _(want) to go to the p
4、ark.2.Either you or he_(come) from England. with together with rather than as well as 跟第一个主语一致跟第一个主语一致He,rather than me ,_(work)hard atEnglish.My friends as well as my teacher _(sit)here. 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。用单数。(someone,something,anythingnobody;anybody;somebody Someone is calling you
5、. 有人叫你。有人叫你。 Nothing is found in the room. 在屋里找不到什么东西。在屋里找不到什么东西。family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合名词时，等集合名词时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式形式;如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。He family _a big family. The group _ made up of nine students. (be)The group _ dancing happily. (be)isare4th
6、e +形容词或分词作主语时，如形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数。如：概念，其谓语用单数。如： The rich are not always happy. The new is sure to replace the old. 2“的几分之几的几分之几”和和“的百的百分之几分之几” 作主语时，其谓语用单数或作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于复数取决于 of 后的名词。后的名词。 Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 40 percent of the stud
7、ents in our class are girls. 主谓一致的测试热点主谓一致的测试热点2由由 many a 或或 more than + 单数单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。 Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall. More than one student has visited the exhibition. 1）.Ten thousand dollars _ quite a large sum. A. are B. is C.has D. have2）.Six times seven _ for
8、ty-two.A. are B. is C. have D. was2 . 非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： 1）.To get up early and to go to sleep early _ good for your health.A. is B. are C. was D. were由由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形式。式。 2). Whe
9、n and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decoded D. have not decided当当when和和where加不定式指的是同一件事加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。时，谓语动词用单数。 3). Playing football not only _ us grow up tall and strong but also _ us a sense of fair play and team spirit .A. make; give B
10、 .makes; gives C. makes; give D .make; gives4) . When we will hold the meeting _ not decided yet .A. is B. are C. be D .was 1. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A.know B. knows C. have known D. is known2. I, rather than you, _ responsible for the accident.A am B are C has D have3. A library with five tho
11、usand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered4. All but one _ here just now.A.is B. was C. has been D. were5.Tom as well as two of his classmates _ invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had beenThe house, including the garden and the g
12、arage, was sold out.6. No one except my parents _ anything about it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have knownSeveral passengers, together with the driver, were hurt.1）Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A. is B. are C. am D. be2）One or perhaps more p
13、ages _missing.A.is B. are C. has been D. have beenAre you or he to drive ? Was she or you there ?3）Peter, perhaps John, _ playing with the little dog. A. seems B. were C. are D. is4) _ he _ I finished the experiment?A.Have neither/nor B. Has neither/norC. Have neither/or D. Have either /or5) - _ eit
14、her he or I fit for the job? - Neither he nor you _ . A. Am; are B. Is; are C. Are; are D. Is; isHere is a pen, a few envelopes Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.and some paper for you. guess1) On the wall _ famous paintings. A. have B. are C. is D. has2) There _ a lot of milk in
15、 the bottle.A. are B. is C. were D. has1）Both the secretary and the manager_ agreed to attend the meeting.A. has B. have C. are D. is 2）The secretary and manager _ very busy now.A. is B. are C.has been D. were2陈述部分用陈述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one或或 no +复数
16、名词等作主语时，复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用反意部分用they。而陈述部分用。而陈述部分用everything, something, nothing, anything时，反意部分代时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用词则采用单数，用it。Somebody is waiting for you, aren they? Everything is all right, isnt it? 3 主语是以主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词以及结尾的学科名词以及news , works (工厂工厂)等都属形式复数，而意义单数等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另
17、外means一一词单复数同形应视具体情况词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。而定。 Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn. A new means of teaching is being used in that school. 1)Every means _ been tried since then.A. has B. were C. was D. has been注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。谓语常用复数。 My mathematics are weak. 2) All means _ bee
18、n used .A. has B. was C. have D. be The old _ well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was类似这样的集体名词有：类似这样的集体名词有： family, class, audience, family, class, audience, committee committee （委员会）（委员会）, crowd, , crowd, crew, group, party, population, crew, group, party, popul
19、ation, team, public, council team, public, council （理事会）（理事会）, , villagevillage等。等。The population of the earth The population of the earth is is increasing very fast. increasing very fast.1) He said that his family _ all very well.A. are B. were C. is D. was 2) The population of the city _ increasin
20、g fast.A. were B. be C. is D. are3) The United States _ made up of 50 states, one of which _Kentucky.A. is / are B. is / is C. are / is D. are /are4) Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all.A. is B. are C. being D. was5) Now the police _ searching the town for the lost child.A. was B.
21、were C. is D. are.6)The police _ the black in winter.A.wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on主语主语 people 作作“人们，人民人们，人民”解时，解时，谓语动词用复数，作谓语动词用复数，作“民族民族”解时，有解时，有单复数之分。单复数之分。(police , cattle , public )Our people is a great one. There are 56 peoples in China. 6主语是疑问代词主语是疑问代词who, what, which,不不定代词定代词all, more,
22、 most, any, none等以及等以及名词名词half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。 Half of the visitors are from Europe. Half of the fruit is bad. The rest of his journey was pleasant.The rest of the girls are fond of music.All of your work is well done.All of your answers are corr
23、ect.1) Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A.are B. were C. was D. have been2) Where _ that five pounds I lent you?A. is B. have C. was D. were3) Two of them will go first, the rest _ to stay.A. is B. are C. used D. has4) It is not I who _ wrong.A. is B. are C. am D. has been70 percent of the s
24、urface is covered with water.70 percent of the farmers have improved their living conditions.1) One third of the population here _ workers.A. is B. have C. be D.are2) About 20 percent of the work _ done yesterday.A. are B. is C. were D. was8“one of + 复数名词复数名词 + 定语从定语从句句”之前有之前有the only, the very, the
25、等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。谓语动词用单数形式。 She is the only one of these women who plays the violin. 1) John is the only one of the students in our class who _ to school on foot.A.go B. goes C. have gone D. are going2) He was the one of the students who _ praised at the meeting.A. was B. were
26、 C. is D. are 注意：注意：1. one of +复数名词复数名词+（单）谓语，如：（单）谓语，如： One of the students is from the south.2. one of+复数复数名词名词+定语从句（从句定语从句（从句动词用复数），如：动词用复数），如：He is one of the boys who are ready to help others.1). During the holidays every train and ship _ crowded.A. are B. were C. was D. has2）No teacher and no
27、student _ admitted in here.A.are B. were C. is D. has1) More than one person here _ with the disease.A.has been infected B. have been infectedC. has been infecting D. have been infecting2) Many a student _ that mistake before. A. had made B. has been made C. have made D. has made3主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，主语是一
28、些只有复数形式的名词，如如clothes, trousers, glasses, compasses, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有成双的东西的名词前有a pair of修饰时，修饰时，谓语用单数。谓语用单数。 My trousers are being washed now. There is a pair of shoes in the box. . This pair of shoes _ made in our factory.A. is B. are C. have beenD
29、. had been4“a number of + 名词复数名词复数”作主作主语，谓语用复数；语，谓语用复数； “ the number of + 名词复数名词复数”作作主语，谓语用单数。主语，谓语用单数。 A number of pupils like reading picture-books. The number of the students in our class is 55. 2) The number of students that you have met _ the life of the team.A.are B. is C. were D. be1) A numbe
30、r of students _ from the south.A. are B. is C. have D. has成对的名词，如成对的名词，如bread and butter涂涂黄油的面包，黄油的面包，soda and water汽水，汽水，coffee and milk加牛奶的咖啡，加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，目的，salt and water盐开水盐开水等，虽然有等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。念，作主语时，谓语用单数。 A knife and fork is on the table. 特殊知识点特殊知识点2在定语从句中主语是
31、关系代词在定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which,谓语动词的数应谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。与先行词的数一致。 I, who am your teacher, will teach you everything I know. It is not I who _ wrong.A.is B. are C. am D. has beenHe, who _ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows.A.was B. are C. is D. am3主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复
32、数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。 The United States is a developed country. 1）The Arabian Nights _ well known to English lovers. A. is being B. are C. were D. is2）The United States _ founded in 1776. A. was B. is C. were D. are4主语是表示数量的主语是表示数量的“one and a half +复数名词复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式。主语是，其谓语用单数形式。主语是“one or two + 复数名词复数名词”，其谓语用复，其谓语用复数形式。数形式。 One and a half bananas is left on the table. There are one or two things Id like to know about. 1）One and a half apples _ on the table.A.is leaving B. is left C. are left D. left2）One or perhaps more pages _ missing.A.is B. are C. has been D. have been
