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1、浙江理工大学外国语学院浙江理工大学外国语学院Book OneNew College EnglishUnit OnePersonal Relationship In-class Reading The Gift of LifeWarm-upWords and PhrasesReading Comprehension WritingSentence StudyUseful ExpressionsWarm-up“Life is yours to win:Learn the rules, play the game, and to win the prize.”Bob EubanksPersonal
2、Relationships Background information A story Picture description and discussionFriendship We need friends Video ClipProverbs and Sayings Background Information All of us are involved in personal relationships. Some of these are related to family, some with fellow students or workers, and others of a
3、 variety of types. Most of these are happy, positive relationships, but not all of them. To have a positive relationship a person must invest time and interest in the other persons with whom he is associated. We all understand that our feelings and interest in other persons depend somewhat on what w
4、e have in common. Good relationships are usually valued because people who have good relationships are happier and more fun to be with. Listen to a short story and complete the following sentences:1. The story took place at the time of _ _.2. The relationship between the woman and the little boy is
5、_.3. The woman led the little boy into the store because _.4. The woman bought the boy_ _.5. “Are you God” here means _. strangers one cold eveningduring the holiday season she knew he needed something in the store kind-hearted some new shoes and warm clothes One cold evening during the holiday seas
6、on, a little boy about six or seven was standing out in front of a store window. The little child had no shoes and his clothes were old and torn. A young woman passing by saw the little boy and could read the longing in his pale blue eyes. She took the child by the hand and led him into the store. T
7、here she bought him some new shoes and warm clothes. They came back outside into the street and the woman said to the child, “ Now you can go home and have a very happy holiday.” The little boy looked up at her and asked, “Are you God, Maam?” She smiled down at him and replied, “No, son, Im just one
8、 of his children.” The little boy then said, “I knew you had to be a relative of God.” Talking in Pairs1.What is your viewpoint of the interpersonal relationships nowadays?2. If you were the woman, what would you do? Try to explain it.Appreciation and Group DiscussionDiscussion Questions1.Various ki
9、nds of relationships exist in daily life as in the pictures. Discuss in groups the different personal relationships we deal with in real life. 2. In our life, some people are open while some others are reserved. Which type do you prefer? Why?Discussion Questions3. What are the relationships of the p
10、eople in the following pictures? Say anything you know about them. Sample Answer A Great FriendshipThomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. They worked together to further the American Revolution and later to shape the new scheme of government. From that work developed a friendship, which las
11、ted 50 years. Four and a half months before he died, when he was ill and worried about his poor family, Jefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madisons reply remind us that friends are friends until death. Listen to a passage and answer questions:Words you need to know: acquaintance 熟
12、人熟人 intimate 亲密的亲密的harmonious 和谐的和谐的 tolerate 容忍容忍 Questions :1. According the passage, what is the word “friend”? 2. Why does everyone need friendship? 3. Why do modern people attach more importance to friendship?It covers a wide range of meanings as a classmate, a nodding acquaintance, a coworker,
13、 etc.We need help from, and also give help to, others. As life is full of difficulties and conflict, we need friends to support and help us and give us warnings against danger. We Need Friends The word, “friend”, covers a wide range of meanings. It can be a nodding acquaintance, a classmate, a partn
14、er, a playmate, or an intimate colleague. Everyone needs friendship. No one can sail the ocean of life single-handed. We need help from, and also give help to, others. In modern times, people attach more importance to relationships and connections. As life is full of difficulties and conflict, we ne
15、ed friends to support and help us. Our friends give us warnings against danger. Our friends offer us advice with regard to how to deal with various situations. True friends share not only our joys but also our sorrows. With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is sad an
16、d unfortunate. With friends, we know what to treasure, what to tolerate and what to share.I will never forget my old friends and keep making new friends. I will show my concern for them, even if it is only a comforting word.Brainstorming : Tell the class any words you know to describe the qualities
17、of a true friend. friendsfriendshonestconsideratehelpfulreliablegenerousunderstandingthoughtfulfaithfulVideo ClipWatch the video and discuss the following questions1. Do you like the movie? Why?2. When you and your friend are both in danger, will you lay down your life for him?Video ClipClick the pi
18、ctureProverbs and SayingsA life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人生没有朋友,犹如生活没有了太阳。人生没有朋友,犹如生活没有了太阳。 In prosperity our friends know us; in adversity we know our friends. John Churton Collins在顺境中,朋友结识了我们;在逆境中我们了解在顺境中,朋友结识了我们;在逆境中我们了解了朋友。了朋友。 约翰约翰丘顿丘顿柯林斯柯林斯Youth gives love and roses, age still
19、 leaves us friends and wine. Thomas Moore青春赋予我们爱情和玫瑰,岁月带给我们朋青春赋予我们爱情和玫瑰,岁月带给我们朋友和美酒。友和美酒。 托马斯托马斯摩尔摩尔Reading comprehension- Pre-reading - Pre-reading QuestionsQuestions- Text Structure- Text Structure1.Will you give your time, favorite books, money or blood to a friend? I would be willing to give any
20、thing to my best friend. As to my casual friends, I would give my time and blood to them when they are really needed. But I would not give my money or favorite books to them. If they really need money or like my books I would lend some money or books to them. Anyway, I would readily give help to my
21、friends when it is needed because “a friend in need is a friend indeed”. 2. Who released the bombs which landed in the small orphanage? And who offered medical help to the wounded? It was not exactly stated that which side released the bombs. But based on the fact that the intruder to Vietnam was Am
22、erican troops, we could fairly say they were American Air Force. The medical help was a young American Navy doctor and a Navy nurse. So it was quite ironic that both the destroying part and the protecting part came from America. No. After the moment of the insertion, he let out a long sob. And after
23、 a few moments another sob escaped, but he was always trying to cover up his crying. Finally his occasional sob turned to a steady, silent crying. Hengs sobbing and silent crying suggested that he was terrified and frightened by death, but at the same time he would rather lay down his life for his f
24、riend. 3. Did Heng cry loudly as soon as the needle was inserted into his arms? context (para.12)whenwherewhowhat in Vietnam Warin a small villageseveral children, including one young girlBombs landed in the orphanage and some children were wounded. 1) Medical help arrived and they found the young g
25、irl needed blood. (para.3) 2) Only several children had the correct blood type. (para.4) 3) Because of language barrier, they had difficulties in asking the children for blood. (para.5) 4) Heng was willing to give blood but he was always sobbing and then crying silently during the operation. (para.6
26、 Para.13) 5) Under the help of Vietnamese nurse, the Americans knew the reason. Heng thought that he would die, but he still did it because she was his friend. (para.14 para.18) In time order, what happened next? (para.318) meaning of the story (para.19)There is no love greater than this, that a per
27、son lay down his/her life for a friend. If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences. 你如果违犯法律,就必须准备承担后果。 That young man had to suffer the injuries caused by the chemical weapons left by Japanese troops in World War II. 那个年轻人不得不去承受日军在二战期间遗留的化学武器给他造成的伤害。1) vt. 忍受,容忍,承受,耐住1. su
28、ffer (Line 5): feel or have pain, loss, etc. Boxing legend Mohammed Ali suffers from the disease of Parkinson for a long time. 拳王阿里身患帕金森(氏)病已经有很长一段时间了。It is natural for many freshmen to suffer from homesickness now and then.许多大学新生偶尔会想念自己的家乡是很自然的事情。2) vi. 受痛苦,受苦难,患病2. wound (Line 6); injure (Line 9);
29、 hurt (Line 36)woundinjure一般是指由枪械或者刀剑等尖锐物体造成的身体上的伤害。a)由于重物如棍棒或者炸弹爆炸所造成的伤害;b)在事故中受到的伤害。hurt除表示受伤外,主要用于表示身体疼痛及情感受伤害。请用请用wound, hurt 或或 injure 的适当形式填空的适当形式填空 She was slightly _ when she fell off the ladder. 她从梯子上跌下来时,受了一点轻伤。 The bullet unfortunately _ James Bond in the shoulder.枪弹不幸打伤了007的肩膀。 Hong Kong
30、 Phoenix TV news anchor Liu Hai-roh was seriously _ in a British train accident in 2002. 香港凤凰卫视新闻主播刘海若在2002年发生在英国的一次列车事故中身受重伤。 wounded injuredhurt3. supply (Line11)1) n. supplying, stock 补给,供给,常作supplies 供应品,补给品,(储备)物资a good supply of fruit 水果的大量供应水果的大量供应 household (medical) supplies 家庭家庭( (医药医药) )用
31、品用品 2) vt.make available to use 供给,供应,提供(所需物品);(把)供应给(with);为提供 The UN is urgently _ for the survivors in Bam, the quake-stricken ancient city in Iran.联合国紧急向受地震侵袭的伊朗巴姆古城的幸存者提供粮食和帐篷。supplying food and campsrequest vt. 请求请求, ,语气较强语气较强;require 委婉、客气,通常不用于委婉、客气,通常不用于 口语口语 May I request you to leave? We
32、request the favor of a reply at your earliest convenience.请你离开一下好吗?请方便时尽早给予答复。4. request (Line21): vt. ask or being asked 请求,要求,恳求请求,要求,恳求 request and requirerequire vt. 类似 order, demand 用法,向对方提出的要求有 一定权威性,强制对方服从其要求,但语气弱 些,常用于被动语态。 The border police required the traveler to unlock his luggage. 边境警察要
33、求游客打开自己的行李。要想成为一名优秀的足球裁判同样需要下苦工夫。 To become an excellent soccer referee requires painstaking effort as well.请用请用 request 或或 require 的适当形式填空的适当形式填空The US Navy _ us to provide emergent assistance.You are _ to attend tomorrows news conference.The presence of all members of the band was _.The new regula
34、tion _ strict observance in every detail.requestedrequiredrequestedrequires 5. insert (Line29)An surgeon inserted a special medical device into his mouth to pick up DNA sample.医生把一个特殊的医学装置插入他的口中来提取DNA样本。1) vt. put something in something else 插入,嵌入Medical examiners found a knife-like insert inside th
35、e victims stomach.法医在受害者的体内发现了一把刀状的插入物。2) n. something inserted 插入物,镶补物6. stiff (Line32): adj.1) quite hard and not easy to bend 硬的,僵直的I cant play the piano like I used to. My fingers have gone stiff from lack of practice. 我不能像过去那样弹钢琴了,我我不能像过去那样弹钢琴了,我的手指因缺乏练习变得的手指因缺乏练习变得僵硬僵硬了。了。2) formal, unfriendly
36、 生硬的,呆板的,不友好的Facing journalists questions, the Prime Minister always kept a stiff face. 面对记者的提问,那位总理总是板着面孔。7. occasional (Line 40): adj. happening sometimes 偶然的,偶尔的,非经常的 天气还算不错,只是偶尔有阵雨。 The weather was good except for an occasional shower. occasional visits / rain / sneeze / trips 偶尔来访/有雨/打喷嚏/旅行8. s
37、teady (Line40): adj.1) developing or growing gradually 不断的,持续的Yao Mings steady progress in skills results from his wonderful performance in the NBA matches.姚明的不断进步的球技来自于他在NBA比赛中的出色表现。2) firm, stable 稳的,平稳的Jackie Chans amazing Chinese kung fu lays a steady foundation for his success in Hollywood.成龙的令
38、人惊叹的中国功夫为他在好莱坞的成功打下了牢固的基础。9. relief (Line50): n.1) the lessening or removing of pain, anxiety, etc. (痛苦等)缓解,减轻,解除Fans support brought R. Baggio some relief from the missing of the penalty in the final of 1994s World Cup.球迷们的支持使罗伯特巴乔多少缓解了1994年世界杯决赛射失点球的痛苦。2) the feeling that you have when something u
39、npleasant stops or becomes less strong(痛苦、忧郁等消除后感到的)轻松,宽心,宽慰It was a great relief for all that the vaccine of SARS had been successfully developed.对所有人来说SARS疫苗的研制成功都是一种巨大的宽慰。 3)relieve: v. ease, lessen 使减轻,使解除(痛苦、忧愁等);使宽慰She said that listening to light music could relieve her pressure in study.她说听轻
40、音乐可以减轻学习中的压力。10. lay down (Line57): lose or stop having something willingly in order to help others 牺牲,献身Countless space experts are laying down their wits and energy to accelerate the realization of the launch of Shenzhou VI spaceship. 无数航天科技人员都在为加速实现“神舟”六号的发射奉献着自己的智慧和精力。Yitzhak Rabin, called man o
41、f Israel, even laid down his life for the eternal peace of the Middle East.被称为以色列伟人的拉宾为中东地区的永久和平甚至献出了自己的生命。10. lay down (Line57): lose or stop having something willingly in order to help others 牺牲,献身1. 这个女孩腿上有伤。 The girl suffered wounds to her legs.2. 几小时后,医疗救助人员赶到了。A couple of hours later, medical
42、help arrived.3. 立即的行动immediate action4. 相配的 / 适合的血型 the matching / correct blood type 5. His life was / hung in the balance. 他命悬一线。 6. after several long moments of silence 几次长时间沉默后 7. Heng lay stiff and silent. Heng直挺挺地躺着,也不说话。 8. A look of great relief spread over his face. 他的脸上露出了轻松的表情。 Every stu
43、dent is supposed to be in the classroom before 8 oclock. 所有学生8点以前应该到教室。情人节你不应该送她康乃馨,你该送她玫瑰。 On Valentines Day, you are not supposed to send her carnations. You are supposed to send roses.2. it was clear that without immediate action, she would die from loss of blood and shock. (Line 9) it is clear +
44、 +主语从句主语从句 很显然,很清楚很显然,很清楚 , ,显而易见。显而易见。 此句型中此句型中clear 常可被其他形容词替换常可被其他形容词替换如如:it is obvious that, it is true that, it is evident that等等 1.Nobody knows what these bombs were supposed to hit during the terrible Vietnam War, but they landed in a small orphanage run by a missionary group. (Line 1)be supp
45、osed to do 应该做应该做,理,理应做应做 在可怕的越南战争期间,谁也不知道这在可怕的越南战争期间,谁也不知道这些炸弹些炸弹要要轰炸什么目标,而它们却落在轰炸什么目标,而它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。显然你没有得到她的青睐,否则,她不会拒绝你的邀请。 It is clear that you didnt win her affection, otherwise she wouldnt reject your invitation.It is true that without English course, college life may be
46、come much easier. But it is obvious that you cant keep pace with the modern society if you dont study English. 没有英语课,大学生活确实会轻松很多。但是不学英语,你显然不能适应现代社会的需要。2. It was clear that without immediate action, she would die from loss of blood and shock. (Line 9) 如果不能立即采取行动,如果不能立即采取行动,显然显然她将因失血过多和休克而死亡。她将因失血过多和休
47、克而死亡。3. Using what little common language they could find, together with a lot of sign language, they tried to explain to the frightened children that unless they could give some blood to their little friend she would certainly die. (Line 16)1. Using + 宾语从句在句中作状语2. together with 相当于as well as,与前面短语一
48、起作状语3. they tried to explain 是句子的主语和谓语部分4. the frightened children 是句子的一个宾语(间接宾语)5. unless they could give 既是句子的直接宾语又是后面 句子的条件从句3. Using what little common language they could find, together with a lot of sign language, they tried to explain to these frightened children that unless they could give s
49、ome blood to their little friend she would certainly die. (Line 16)医生和护士医生和护士用用少得可怜的一点共同语言,少得可怜的一点共同语言,结结合合大量的手势语,大量的手势语,努力努力向这些受惊吓的孩子向这些受惊吓的孩子们们解释解释说,说,除非除非他们能输一些血给自己的小他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴,否则她将必死无疑。伙伴,否则她将必死无疑。4. Heng was quickly laid on a bed, his arm cleaned with alcohol, and the needle inserted into h
50、is arm. (Line 27)此句中此句中 his arm cleaned with alcohol 和和 the needle inserted into his arm是是独立主格结构。独立主格结构。独立主格结构在句中作状语,有自己的逻辑独立主格结构在句中作状语,有自己的逻辑主语主语, 表示一种伴随的动作或情况。表示一种伴随的动作或情况。 独独立立主主格格结结构构 主语主语 +副词副词介词短语介词短语现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词不定式动词不定式 +其它其它形容词短语形容词短语She lay on her back, _.她脸朝天头枕着交叉的手躺着。 _, she has to
51、take care of the family.妈妈病了,她得承担起照顾全家的责任。her hands crossed under the headMother being ill_, we had to go to work.钟已敲过,我们不得不去工作了。The clock having struck(伴随状语)(原因状语)(时间状语)He has been working very hard,_.他工作一直很努力,第一部小说即将发表。his first novel to be published soon There are four factories in this region, _
52、.这个地区有四个工厂,每个有200名工人。 each having 200 workers (结果状语)(同位语)与句子相比,独立主格结构短小精干,常使句与句子相比,独立主格结构短小精干,常使句子言简意赅,也使文章的句式丰富多彩子言简意赅,也使文章的句式丰富多彩Heng was quickly laid on a bed, his arm cleaned with alcohol.Heng was quickly laid on a bed, and his arm was cleaned with alcohol.试比较试比较4. Heng was quickly laid on a bed
53、, his arm cleaned with alcohol, and the needle inserted into his arm. (Line 27)Heng 很快被抱到一张床上,很快被抱到一张床上,手臂用酒精手臂用酒精消了毒消了毒,并且,并且针插进了他的胳膊针插进了他的胳膊。5. The medical team now was very worried because the needle should not have been hurting their tiny patient. (Line 42)should + have + 过去分词过去分词 这一结构的肯这一结构的肯定形
54、式表示本应该做却没有做;其否定定形式表示本应该做却没有做;其否定形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。She shouldnt have left the hospital so soon, for she had not yet recovered.她不该那么早就出院,因为她还没有康复。 You should have got Mark A in your final examination but your handwriting is too bad.你本可以在期末考试中得A,但是你的字写得太糟。 5. The medical team now was ve
55、ry worried because the needle should not have been hurting their tiny patient. (Line 42)现在医疗小组非常担忧,因为针现在医疗小组非常担忧,因为针不该不该使他们的小病人一直感到疼痛。使他们的小病人一直感到疼痛。作文审题时存在的问题作文审题时存在的问题: : 1. 1. 审题匆忙,不假思索,没有审清题目就动笔写审题匆忙,不假思索,没有审清题目就动笔写 作,结果造成作,结果造成“下笔千言,离题万里下笔千言,离题万里”的现象。的现象。2. 2. 心绪不定、粗心大意导致心绪不定、粗心大意导致“误读误读”题目、离题。题
56、目、离题。3. 3. 题目宽泛时,围绕主题堆砌材料。大脑思维题目宽泛时,围绕主题堆砌材料。大脑思维 呈现出辐射状,感觉抓不住文章的重点、理呈现出辐射状,感觉抓不住文章的重点、理 不清内容的主次。不清内容的主次。 4. 4. 文章写偏、写散,或者肤浅缺乏具体内容。文章写偏、写散,或者肤浅缺乏具体内容。5. 5. 漏读题目补充信息导致严重失分。漏读题目补充信息导致严重失分。 1. 1. 判断作文标题与主题的关系,以较强的发挥能力判断作文标题与主题的关系,以较强的发挥能力 对主题加以提炼,在不影响题目原意的情况下,对主题加以提炼,在不影响题目原意的情况下, 适当将宽题具体化,确定某一写作角度后展开联
57、适当将宽题具体化,确定某一写作角度后展开联 想思路,做到宽题窄做、明确中心。想思路,做到宽题窄做、明确中心。2. 2. 逐个推敲题目中的关键字词,注意善于领会、紧逐个推敲题目中的关键字词,注意善于领会、紧 扣题目的旨意。扣题目的旨意。 3. 3. 认真审阅作文的说明要求和所给的材料,仔细分认真审阅作文的说明要求和所给的材料,仔细分 析提供的各类信息(包括中文的、英文的、画面析提供的各类信息(包括中文的、英文的、画面 的或数字的信息),比如:关键词、段首句、提的或数字的信息),比如:关键词、段首句、提 纲、提示、图表说明等。纲、提示、图表说明等。 请审看下题。审定题目后,你如何按照各项要求写出作
58、文来?请审看下题。审定题目后,你如何按照各项要求写出作文来? Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic. How to Keep on Good Terms with Roommates? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 1. 大学伊始大学伊始, , 刚刚入学的新生之间存在差异刚刚入学的新生之间存在差异 2. 2. 维
59、护之间的和睦关系是非常重要的维护之间的和睦关系是非常重要的 3. 3. 如何处理舍友之间的关系如何处理舍友之间的关系How to Keep on Good Terms with Roommates? For most freshmen, university dorm life is a “fresh” experience. However, students from all corners of the country may soon find, apart from accents, they have to face a lot of other differences. For
60、example, early birds(早起的人) and night owls(夜猫子) disturb each other. For another example, lazybones who do little cleaning may “pollute” the room with smelly socks. Whats more, while one is used to living in a quiet atmosphere (环境), his roommates happen to be chatterboxes, talking over the phone for h
61、ours. The list of “conflicts” (冲突) could go on and on. It is very essential for roommates to keep on good terms. Harmonious surroundings will help them make academic progress, foster friendship and develop communication skills. In a certain sense, a dorm flat is their “second home”, the roommates to
62、day may become colleagues and lifelong friends tomorrow. If they could not get along well throughout the four years, how could they work and study effectively? Then how could flat-mates get along well? Here are some tips. First and foremost, respect each other. Secondly, be tolerant. Never lose temp
63、er when offended, and try to talk frankly when disagreements arise. Thirdly, be considerate. Why not walk on tiptoe at nap time? Why not help roommates get clothes back before rainfall? Last but not least, set some effective rules and follow them consciously. If roommates follow these pieces of advi
64、ce, years later, the dorm life will be a cherished and unforgettable part of college life.I . CET-4, 2003-09作文题目作文题目 Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured). You should write at least 120 words according
65、to the outline given below in Chinese.1.简单叙述一下这位同学生病(受伤)简单叙述一下这位同学生病(受伤) 的情况的情况2.同学、老师和我是如何帮助他同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的她的3.人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是 II. TOEFL作文题目作文题目 Directions: You will have thirty minutes to plan and write an essay on the topic given below. Use the first few minutes to read the
66、 topic carefully and think about what kind of essay you will write. You may use the space immediately below the essay topic to make notes.Write your essay on the lined pages that follow. You will have enough space if you write on every line and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size. Some university students want to live in a room alone. Others prefer having roommates. Which do you like better, living alone or living with roommates? Give specific examples to support your answer.