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1、Unit6IsanOnlyChildaLonelyChild?GlobalReadingI. Text analysis1. Whatisthisexpositiontextconcernedwith?Thetextdealswiththetypicaladvantagesanddisadvantagesofnothavingasecondchildinanobjectivetone.2.Whatisthewritersanswertothequestionofwhetherornottohaveasecondchild?Itisalwaysadifficultdecisiontoeachse
2、tofparentsbecauseofthedifferentcircumstancestheyareunder.Oncetheydecide,bothofthemshouldbeconfident.II. Structural analysis1. Divide the text into different parts.PartI(1)Itputsforwardtheissueofwhetherornottohaveasecondchild,andmentionsparentsconcernwhetheranonlychildnecessarilymeansalonelychild.Par
3、tII(2-3)Twocommonargumentsagainsthavingonlyonechildinthefamilyarepresented.lOnechildmayfeellonely.lAnonlychildmaybemorespoiled.PartIII(4-5)lTheauthorcitesspecificfiguresandfactstoshowthatdespitethedisadvantagesmanyparentsstillchoosetohaveonlyonechild,andhealsopointsoutsomecausesoftheirdecision:lbusy
4、careers+financialburdenPartIV(6)Theauthorbrieflystatestheadvantagesofhavingasinglechild.lNopotentialforfamilyargumentsarisingfromfavoritismorsiblingjealousy.lChildcanreceivemorequalitytimeandattention,whichleadstoincreasedself-esteem,independenceandconfidence.PartV(7)lItconcludesthatthereisnosimplea
5、nswertothequestionofwhetherornottohaveasecondchild,andthattheimportantthing,intheend,istomakethedecisionthatacouplebothfeelconfidentabout.2.Somewordsusedatthebeginningofaparagraphmakeiteasierforthereadertounderstandthecoherenceofthewholetext,suchasAnotheratthebeginningofParagraph3,Despiteof Paragrap
6、h4,andUnfortunatelyofParagraph7.Canyouexplainhowtheyfunction?lTheword“Another”usedatthebeginningofParagraph3impliesthatatleastoneargumenthasbeenpresentedearlier.l“Despitethesearguments”preparesreadersforsomethingagainsttheirexpectations,i.e.manyparentsstillchoosetohaveonechildalthoughthedisadvantage
7、sofdoingsohavejustbeenclearlypresented.l“Unfortunately”tellsreadersthattherefollowssomethingdisappointing,i.e.theauthorfailstoprovideadefiniteanswertothequestionsraisedatthebeginningofthetext.TextexplanationPart I (1)1. dilemma n.asituationinwhichitisdifficulttodecidewhattodo,becauseeachchoicehasits
8、advantagesanddisadvantagesbe in a dilemma我不知道是否要接受这份工作。Iminadilemmaaboutthisjoboffer.她进退两难，不知该留在学校读书还是找份工作做。Sheisinadilemmaastowhethertostayatschoolorgetajob.sthputsbinadilemmaThebadweatherputusinadilemma.faceadilemma/befacedwithadilemma很多女性面临着选择家庭还是事业的两难境地。Manywomenarefaced/confrontedwiththedilemma
9、ofchoosingbetweenworkandfamilycommitments.Hewasfacedwithadilemmaofwhetherornottoreturntohiscountry.她感到为难的是要不要把丈夫得了不治之症的真相告诉他。*（II-1，p.113）The dilemma sheisfacingiswhethertotellherhusbandthetruthabouthisfataldisease.2.demandingadj1)(ofajobortask)needingalotofattentionoreffort费力的，费时的lClimbingisphysica
10、llydemanding,whilestudyingismentallydemanding.lManypeopleagreethatteachingisademandingprofession.2)(ofaperson)beingnoteasilysatisfiedorpleased苛求的HeisademandingbossbecauseheIsnoteasilypleasedorsatisfied.3.financialresources1)financial:relatingtomoneyorthemanagementofmoney财政的；财务的；金融的financialaid:(高等学校
11、的)助学金；助学贷款toapplyforfinancialaid申请助学金financialyear(BrE)=fiscalyear(AmE)：aperiodoftwelvemonthsoverwhichtheaccountsandtaxesofacompanyorapersonarecalculated财政年度；会计年度thecurrentfinancialyear本财政年度2)resource:nouna.(C,usu.pl.)资源；财力naturalresources:自然资源humanresources:人力资源financialresources:财力；财富；财源poolourres
12、ources:集中资源b.resources:personalqualitiessuchascourageandimaginationthathelpyoudealwithdifficultsituation勇气；才智；谋略resourceful：adj.goodatfindingwaysofdoingthingsandsolvingproblems,etc.机敏的；足智多谋的；随机应变的4.the pros and cons of having a second child(Paragraph1)*the pros and cons:theadvantagesanddisadvantages
13、lBeforewemakeadecision,wemustweighuptheprosandcons.lAfterhoursdiscussion,everybodyatthemeetingcouldseeclearlytheprosandconsoftheproposal.Paraphrase:theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofhavingonemorechild5. concerned5. concerned adj.adj.worriedaboutsomethingworriedaboutsomethingbe concerned about/for sth.
14、担心；忧虑担心；忧虑Rosehasneverbeenparticularlyconcernedaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofhim.be concerned about/with sth.beinterestedinsth感兴趣；关切；关注be concerned thatHesconcernedthathewontgethismoneyback.全世界几乎所有的政府都十分关注这个金融问题*(113-3)(beconcernedabout)Almostallthegovernmentsintheworldareverymuchconcernedaboutthefinan
15、cialissue.concernn.& v.concerningprepPartII(2-3)1.Aconcernthatisoftenheardwithregardtosinglechildiswhetheronechildnecessarilymeansalonelychild.(2)*Paraphrase:Asfortheissueofsinglechildren,peopleareoftenconcernedaboutwhetheranonlychildisinevitablyalonelychild.withregardto：*inconnectionwith;onthesubje
16、ctof至于英语教学研讨会，我建议本周末召开。(withregardto)*(113-4) With regard totheseminaronEnglishteaching,Isuggestthatitbeheldonthecomingweekend.2.Manysingle-childparentsfeelastigmaassociatedwiththeirdecisiontohaveonlyonechild.(Note3)*stigma:*signofshame;feelingofbeingashamed耻辱；羞耻lInthepastdivorceandsingleparenthoodc
17、arriedastigma.离异和单亲家庭在过去是令人感到羞耻的。Paraphrase: Manysingle-childfamilieshaveastrongsenseofshameintheirdecisiontohaveonlyonechild.许多只有一个小孩的父母都为自己只生一个小孩的决定感到羞愧。你都三十几岁了还在啃老，难道不觉得羞耻吗？（stigma）*（113-2）Dontyouthinkitasortofstigma thatyou,alreadyinyourthirties,stillhavetodependonyouroldparents?3. this may lead
18、 to the child feeling lonely at times, (Paragraph2)（Note4）*lead to sb. doing sth.:causesth.tohappentosb.orcausesb.todosth.lHisactionscouldleadtohimlosinghisjob.Paraphrase suchasituationwillprobablyresultinthechildhavingasenseoflonelinessfromtimetotimeat times:sometimesfrom time to time:occasionallyb
19、utnotregularly(有时，偶尔，间或)只要有一颗火星就能在充满煤气的房间里引起爆炸。(leadto)*Justasinglesparkcanleadtoanexplosioninaroomfilledwithgas.4.Anothercommonargumentagainsthavingjustonechildisthatanonlychildmaybemorespoiledthanonewithsiblings. (N5)*lspoil:makesb.,esp.achild,selfishfromhavingtoomuchattentionorpraiselAnotherreaso
20、nsomepeopleusuallyholdagainsthavingonlyonechildisthatanonlychildismorelikelytobegiventoomuchloveandcarethanonethathasbrothersand/orsisters.(Note 5)5.(willnothavelearnedto)respectthegive-and-takeinvolvedinmanyrelationships(3;Note6)*realizetheimportanceofcooperationandmutualunderstandingbetweenthemsel
21、vesandotherpeopleinvarioussituations.认识到在各种关系中合作与相互理解/互相谦让的重要性.giveandtake:v.协调；让步；迁就Foramarriagetosucceed,bothpartnersmustlearntogiveandtake.要使婚姻美满,双方必须懂得互相迁就give-and-taken.1)Therecanbenoinequalityinlove.Give-and-takemustbalance.爱情是平等的，双方应该互相迁就.2)Ifthedisputeistoberesolved,theremustbesomegive-and-t
22、ake.若要争执获得解决，双方就要互相让步.give-and-take:noun*willingnessofeachpersontosatisfyotherswishes6.interact v. 1) (people)talktoeachotherandunderstandeachother交流；沟通；合作-Heinteractswellwithotherchildrenintheclass.2)(things)haveaneffectoneachotherandworktogether相互影响；相互作用Socialandeconomicfactorsareinteractingtoprod
23、ucearecession. interaction:n. interactive:adj.lSomethinkthismayleavethechildlesscapableofinteractingwellwithpeoplehisorherownagethanonewhohasbeenraisedwithsiblings.Paraphrase:lSomepeoplebelievethathavingonlyonechildwillprobablymakethechildlessabletotalktoorassociatewithhisorherpeersthanachildwhohasb
24、eenbroughtupwithbrothersand/orsisters.PartIII（4-5）1.percent & percentagepercent:usepercentonlywithanumber,e.g.30percent.percentage: Ifyoumean“anamountexpressedaspartofatotal,usepercentage.-Whatpercentageofthepopulationis/areoverweight?-20percent.-Itisahighpercentage.2.TheoverallnumberofBritishchildr
25、enbeingborneachyearhasdeclined.* overall adj.(onlybeforenoun)includingallthethingsorpeoplethatareinvolvedinaparticularsituation;general全面的；综合的；总体的1)anoverallimprovementinstandardsofliving生活水平的全面提高2)Whenshefinishedpainting,shesteppedbacktoadmiretheoveralleffect.画完以后，她退后一步，审视总体效果。decline:decrease*无论政府
26、作了多少努力，房价几乎没有下降。（decline）*Nomatterwhateffortsthegovernmenthasmade,thepriceforhousinghasbarelydeclined.3.Whilelateststatisticscitelessthanonechild(4,Note9)*Paraphrase:Whilelateststatisticsshowthattheaveragenumberofchildrenbornperfamilyhasdeclined(decreased)tolessthanonechild.cite:verb1)mentionsomethi
27、ngasanexample,esp.onethatsupportsorexplainsanideaorasituation提及（原因）；举出例子；列举lSeveralfactorshavebeencitedasthecauseofhisbreakdown.2)givetheexactwordsofsomethingthathasbeenwritten,esp.inordertosupportanopinionorproveanidea引用；引述；援引lThewritercitedmanyideasfromdifferentscholars.Synonym: quotecitation: nou
28、n 4.aged adj1)/eidd/notbeforenounoftheageof岁Theyhavetwochildrenagedsixandnine.2）/eidid/(formal)veryold年迈的 myagedaunt3）theaged/eidid/NOUNpluralveryoldpeople（统称）老人servicesforthesickandtheaged为病人和老人提供的服务5.Forsomesingle-childparentswithbusycareers,thepressuresofdevotingtimeandenergytoasecondchildcanseem
29、toooverwhelming,resultinginthemelectingtohavenomorechildren.(5,paraphrase2)*Paraphrase:Somesingle-childparentsfeeltheyaretoobusywiththeirworktospendtimeandenergyonasecondchild.Consequentlytheychoosetohavenomorechildren.overwhelming:adjhavingsuchaneffectonyouthatyoufeelconfusedanddonotknowhowtoreact巨
30、大的；压倒性的；无法抗拒的lTheevidenceagainsthimwasoverwhelming.对他不利的证据无法抵赖。lTheoverwhelmingmajorityofthosepresentwereinfavouroftheplan.绝大多数与会者都赞同这个计划。lanoverwhelmingsenseofloss/relief极端失落的感觉/如释重负的感觉elect1)tochoosesomebodytodoaparticularjobbyvotingforthem electsomebody/somethinganelectedleader/representativethen
31、ewlyelectedgovernment2)electtodosomething(formal)tochoosetodosomethinglIncreasingnumbersofpeopleelecttoworkfromhomenowadays.lPurchaserscanelecttopayinmonthlyinstallments.购买者可选择按月分期付款。devoteto1.devoteyourselftosb/sth献身，致力；专心Shedevotedherselftohercareer.2.devotesthtosth.把用于Icouldonlydevotetwohoursaday
32、toworkontheproject.我一天在这个项目上只能花两个小时。Practice：为了通过托福考试（TOEFL），他把业余时间的每分每秒几乎华仔学习英语上了。（devoteto)*InordertopassTOEFL,hehasdevotedalmosteveryminuteofhissparetimetoEnglishstudies.TOEFL:TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage6.Forotherparents,thefinancialburdenofhavingasecondchildmaybetheprimeconsideration.Paraphr
33、aseForotherparents,themoneyproblemcausedbyhavingasecondchildmaybethemainconcern.prime: adj. main;mostimportantlSmokingistheprimecauseoflungdisease.lOurprimeconcernisprovidingjobsforallyoungschoolleavers.prime consideration: thefirstorforemostconcernorworry7.equivalent:adj.havingthesamevalue,purpose,
34、etc.asapersonorthingofadifferentkindlIhadnodollars,butofferedhimanequivalentamountofpoundssterling.be equivalent tolThisisaqualificationwhichisequivalenttoadegree.equivalence: n.PartIV(6)1.advocate noun&verb1)n-count:sb.whopubliclysupportssb.elseorsth拥护者；支持者；提倡者Synonym:supporter2)verb.tosupportsthpu
35、bliclyadvocacy(formal):uncountablenoun.thegivingofpublicsupporttoanidea,acourseofactionorabelief(对某思想、行动方针、信念的)拥护，支持2.favoritism or sibling jealousy(Note10)*parentsunequaltreatmentoftheirchildrenorthecompetitionbetweenbrothersandsistersfrotheirparentsattentionorlovefavoritism:偏爱；偏袒；偏心sibling:abrothe
36、rorsister兄；弟；姐；妹 jealousy:嫉妒；羡慕sibling jealousy:*thefeelingofwantingtogetwhathisorherbrothersorsistershave.(兄弟姐妹之间的争宠)人们相信，兄弟姐妹之间的妒忌多见于有钱人家，而不是贫困人家。（siblingjealousy）*Itisbelievedthatsiblingjealousyexistsmoreinarichfamilythaninapoorone.adj:jealousbe jealous of sth.3.quality time（Note11）*thetimethatth
37、eparentsspendgivingtheirchildrenfullattentionwhentheyarenotbusy优质时间（指全心照顾子女等的时间）quality:n.&a.adj.1)(onlybeforenoun)usedespeciallybypeopletryingtosellgoodsorservicestosaythatsthisofahighquality优质的；高质量的qualityservice优质服务qualityfurniture高档家具qualityproduct优质产品2)(BrE,slang)verygood棒极了4.Thisoftenleadstoin
38、creasedself-esteemwhich,combinedwithincreasedindependence,canleadtothechildbeingmoreconfident.self-esteemafeelingofbeinghappywithyourowncharacterandabilities自尊（心）to have high/low self-esteem:自尊心强/弱Youneedtobuildyourself-esteem.你需要树立自尊心。ParaphraseThisoftenbringsabouthigherself-respect,moreindependence,andmoreconfidenceinthechild.PartV(7)Thecircumstancesaffectingeachsetofparentsareunique,andwhatisappropriateforonefamilymaynotbeforanother.Paraphrase:Theconditionsthataffectparentsdecisionsconcerningchild-birthvaryfromfamilytofamily,andwhatissuitableforonefamilymaynotbeappropriateforanother.
