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1、GIU4-GIU4-过去完成时和过去过去完成时和过去完成进行时完成进行时表示过去某时之前已经发生的动作。表示过去某时之前已经发生的动作。 (1)(1) 构成：构成：had donehad done(2) (2) 常用时间状语：常用时间状语：1) by + 过去时间点或句子；2) before + 过去时间点或句子；3) when + 句子。(3)(3) 用法：用法：1)1) 延续：开始于过去之前的动作或状态持续到过去：延续：开始于过去之前的动作或状态持续到过去：Kevin had been a newspaper reporter for two years before he became
2、a businessman.凯文在成为商人之前，曾经当过两年报社记者。I had waited for her for two hours in such a severe winter when she eventually turned up, which of course drove me mad.我在这样严寒的冬天里等了她两个小时，所以当她终于出现的时候，我当然气的要命。2)2) 重复：在过去的一段时间内重复发生：重复：在过去的一段时间内重复发生：By the end of last month, she had written three papers.到上个月底之前，她已写了三篇
3、论文。By the end of June they had treated over 8.000 patients.到六月底他们已经治疗了8000患者。(1)(1) 过去完成时可表示过去完成时可表示“非真实非真实”的过去。的过去。We had intended to have a barbecue in the open air, but the weather was bad.我们本打算在户外烧烤，但是天气太糟糕。(没有烧烤成)The terrorists had planned to hijack the airplane, but they were arrested by the a
4、gents.恐怖分子本打算要劫机，但是他们被情报人员逮捕了。(企图失败)(2) 现在完成时和过去完成时都可与最高级和序数词连用。This is the biggest crocodile that we have ever caught.这是迄今为止我们抓住的最大的鳄鱼。We caught a massive crocodile in the Philippines. This was the biggest crocodile that we had ever caught.我们在菲律宾抓到一只鳄鱼，这是我们抓到的最大的鳄鱼。It is the first time that we have
5、 tried bungee jumping.这是我们第一次蹦极。We went to the carnival yesterday. It was the first time that we had tried bungee jumping.我们昨天去了嘉年华，这是我们第一次尝试蹦极。3)3) 单一：过去之前已发生的短暂动作：单一：过去之前已发生的短暂动作：Millions of years ago, dinosaurs roamed the earth, but they had become extinct by the time humankind first appeared.几百万
6、年前，地球上遍地是恐龙，但是在人类出现之前，他们就已灭绝了。I had just poured myself a cup of tea when the phone rang. When I came back from answering it，the cup was empty. Somebody had drunk the tea or thrown it away.我刚刚给自己倒了杯茶，这时候电话铃响了。而等我接完了电话回来，发现杯子已经是空的了，一定是有人把茶喝了或是倒掉了。1He asked me _A_ during the summer holidays.A. where I
7、had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. What _D_ Jane _ by the time he was sever?A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. I _C_ 900 English words by the time I was tenA. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt4. She _A_lived here for _ years.A. had,
8、 a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of匆匆作者: 朱自清 燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁？又藏在何处呢？是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了哪里呢？我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。过去完成进行时表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到另一个
9、过过去完成进行时表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到另一个过去时刻，到那个时刻，该动作可能刚刚终止，也有可能还在继续。去时刻，到那个时刻，该动作可能刚刚终止，也有可能还在继续。例如： We had been waiting for him for about an hour by the time he came. 当他来的时候，我们等他有一个小时了。(动作刚刚终止) How long had it been raining after he left home? 在他离开家后，雨下了有多长时间了？(动作可能还在进行) 结构：结构： had been + V-inghad been + V-
10、ing形式。形式。 用法：用法： 1. 1. 过去完成进行时所表示的动作与过去的时间的关系，过去完成进行时所表示的动作与过去的时间的关系，可以用时间状语来表示，也可以通过上下文来表示。可以用时间状语来表示，也可以通过上下文来表示。例如： By the end of last month they had been working here for about ten days. 到上个月为止，他们在这里工作大约有十天了。 She said that she had been listening to radio after school. 她说她放学后一直在听收音机。 2. 2. 过去完成时可
11、以表示一个动作已经结束，但其结果仍然影响到过过去完成时可以表示一个动作已经结束，但其结果仍然影响到过去的某一时刻。去的某一时刻。例如： It had been raining and the street was still wet. 天一直在下雨，街道仍然很湿。 3. 3. 像像 work, study, stay, sing, teachwork, study, stay, sing, teach等延续性动词与表示一段时间等延续性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，用过去完成进行时可以表示一个动作一直延续到的时间状语连用时，用过去完成进行时可以表示一个动作一直延续到过去某一时刻，通常强调动
12、作的持续性和不间断性。过去某一时刻，通常强调动作的持续性和不间断性。例如： She had been studying for two hours when her classmate came to visit her. 当她的同学来看她的时候，她学习有两个小时了。 4 4 过去完成进行时与过去进行时的区别。过去进行时主过去完成进行时与过去进行时的区别。过去进行时主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行。要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行。例如： I was writing a letter when she came to see me. 当她来看我时我正在写信。 I had been writi
13、ng a letter for two hours by the time she came to see me. 当她来看我的时候，我已经写了两个小时的信了。 5. 5. 过去完成进行时与过去完成时的不同。过去完成时表过去完成进行时与过去完成时的不同。过去完成时表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用可以用byby，beforebefore等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如： They had
14、 just had breakfast when Tom came in. 汤姆来时，他们刚吃过早饭。 They had been having breakfast for ten minutes when Tom came in. 汤姆来时，他们已经吃了十分钟的早饭了。 1. The boy was delighted with his new story book which he _D_ for a long time. A. was wanting B. has wanted C. has been wanting D. had been wanting 2. It was midni
15、ght and he was tired because he _C_since dawn. A. was working B. has worked C. had been working D. has been working 3. He _D_ to get her on the phone, but he didnt get through it. A. has tried B. was trying C. tries D. had been trying 4. He _C_ the door and after that he had a drink at a small cafe.
16、 A. was painting B. has painted C. had been painting D. has been painting 盼头盼头 杨航 细娃盼过年，大人盼开春。儿时，对于大人的盼是不能理解的，但过年，对我来说，可是一年的大盼头了。过年，不但好玩，且有肉吃，那气氛是迷人的：年一过，又盼日子快些流，好流来又一个春节。 在盼中，日子真的流得飞快，转服上了小学，继而初中，然后高中，最后大学；盼的欲望更加强烈，盼的内容也越渐丰富了：盼有好成绩毕业，盼有一份好工作，盼事业有成，盼挣钱替父母分优，盼有一个好爱人不知不觉，天天踩着盼的石阶而上，自己竟成了一个大男人，一个挣钱养家糊口的忙碌人了。结束结束
